The influence of aerobic fitness on cerebral white matter integrity and cognitive function in older adults: Results of a one‐year exercise intervention
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Cerebral white matter (WM) degeneration occurs with increasing age and is associated with declining cognitive function. Research has shown that cardiorespiratory fitness and exercise are effective as protective, even restorative, agents against cognitive and neurobiological impairments in older adults. In this study, we investigated whether the beneficial impact of aerobic fitness would extend to WM integrity in the context of a one‐year exercise intervention. Further, we examined the pattern of diffusivity changes to better understand the underlying biological mechanisms. Finally, we assessed whether training‐induced changes in WM integrity would be associated with improvements in cognitive performance independent of aerobic fitness gains. Results showed that aerobic fitness training did not affect group‐level change in WM integrity, executive function, or short‐term memory, but that greater aerobic fitness derived from the walking program was associated with greater change in WM integrity in the frontal and temporal lobes, and greater improvement in short‐term memory. Increases in WM integrity, however, were not associated with short‐term memory improvement, independent of fitness improvements. Therefore, while not all findings are consistent with previous research, we provide novel evidence for correlated change in training‐induced aerobic fitness, WM integrity, and cognition among healthy older adults. Hum Brain Mapp 34:2972–2985, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Cardiorespiratory fitness and aerobic exercise have been positively associated with fronto-parietal and medial temporal lobe white matter tracts including the fornix, cingulum bundle, and superior longitudinal fasciculus.
“Cardiorespiratory fitness and aerobic exercise have been positively associated with fronto-parietal and medial temporal lobe white matter tracts including the fornix, cingulum bundle and superior longitudinal fasciculus”
From Exercise Intervention in PTSD: A Narrative Review and Rationale for Implementation (2019) · cites this paper as [102]
In a one-year training intervention, Voss and colleagues demonstrated improvements in microstructural parameters of white matter integrity in the PFC, paralleling improvements in MTL brain regions.
“In a one-year training intervention, Voss and colleagues (49) demonstrated improvements in microstructural parameters of white matter integrity in the PFC, paralleling improvements in MTL brain regions.”
From The Role of Exercise in Management of Mental Health Disorders: An Integrative Review (2021) · cites this paper as [49]
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Self-citationBurzynska, A. Z., Chaddock-Heyman, L., Voss, M. W., Wong, C. N., Gothe, N. P., Olson, E. A., Knecht, A., Lewis, A., Monti, J. M., Cooke, G. E., et al. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0107413 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Self-citationWhite matter integrity in physically fit older adults.
Tseng, B. Y., Gundapuneedi, T., Khan, M. A., Diaz-Arrastia, R., Levine, B. D., Lu, H., Huang, H., & Zhang, R. (2013) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.06.011 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Exercise Intervention in PTSD: A Narrative Review and Rationale for Implementation
Hegberg, N. J., Hayes, J. P., & Hayes, S. M. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00133 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
“Cardiorespiratory fitness and aerobic exercise have been positively associated with fronto-parietal and medial temporal lobe white matter tracts including the fornix, cingulum bundle and superior longitudinal fasciculus ( 99–102).”
Kandola, A., Hendrikse, J., Lucassen, P. J., & Yücel, M. (2016) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2016.00373 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
“As will be discussed below, it has been extensively demonstrated in animal models that AE stimulates a cascade of neuroplastic mechanisms within the hippocampus that are often paralleled by functional improvements (Voss et al., 2013a; Opendak and Gould, 2015).”
InfluentialA review of cardiorespiratory fitness-related neuroplasticity in the aging brain
Hayes, S. M., Hayes, J. P., Cadden, M., & Verfaellie, M. (2013) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2013.00031 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
An umbrella review of randomized control trials on the effects of physical exercise on cognition
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Self-citationNew Evidence for Therapies in Stroke Rehabilitation
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Joggin’ the Noggin: Towards a Physiological Understanding of Exercise-Induced Cognitive Benefits
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Brain Network Modularity Predicts Exercise-Related Executive Function Gains in Older Adults
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Self-citationThe pro‐cognitive mechanisms of physical exercise in people with schizophrenia
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Cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with white matter integrity in aging
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“Some limitations of previous work include the indirect assessment of CRF(19,22) and the use of imaging approaches that preclude consideration of multiple white matter tracts.(18,21) Other studies of CRF or physical activity have focused exclusively on OA.”
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Exercise promotes neuroplasticity in both healthy and depressed brains: An fMRI pilot study
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The Role of Exercise-Induced Cardiovascular Adaptation in Brain Health
Tarumi, T., & Zhang, R. (2015) · Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews · doi:10.1249/jes.0000000000000063 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
- Authors
- Voss, M. W., Heo, S., Prakash, R. S., Erickson, K. I., Alves, H., Chaddock, L., Szabo, A. N., Mailey, E. L., Wójcicki, T. R., White, S. M., Gothe, N., McAuley, E., Sutton, B. P., & Kramer, A. F.
- Affiliations
- University of Iowa (US)
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- The Ohio State University (US)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Illinois
- Corresponding author
- Voss, Michelle W.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Human Brain Mapping
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2012-06-05
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 2972-2985
- ISSN
- 1065-9471 (ISSN-L)
- 1097-0193
- PMC
- PMC4096122
- OpenAlex
- W2147243367
- Cited by
- 553
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 45 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 47 · 2020: 52 · 2019: 54 · 2018: 53 · 2017: 58 · 2016: 37 · 2015: 48 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 22.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Human Brain Mapping (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (UL1TR000005)
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG025032, R01AG025667, R37AG025667)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Keywords
- cardiorespiratory fitness, cognitive function, older adults, exercise intervention, walking program, executive function, short-term memory, diffusion tensor imaging, white matter diffusivity
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Brain, Cognition, Educational Status, Postural Balance, Exercise Test, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Male, Memory, Short-Term, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Oxygen, Patient Compliance, Physical Fitness, Psychomotor Performance, Space Perception, Anaerobic Threshold, Exercise, Walking, Muscle Stretching Exercises, Diffusion Tensor Imaging
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