Effects of physical exercise on Alzheimer's disease biomarkers: a systematic review of intervention studies
Abstract
Physical exercise may be an important adjunct to pharmacological treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Animal studies indicate that exercise may be disease modifying through several mechanisms including reduction of AD pathology. We carried out a systematic review of intervention studies of physical exercise with hippocampal volume (on MRI), amyloid-β, total tau, phosphorylated tau in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), 18F-FDG-PET or amyloid PET as outcome measures in healthy subjects, patients with subjective memory complaints, mild cognitive impairment, or AD. We identified a total of 8 studies of which 6 investigated the effects of exercise on hippocampal volume in healthy subjects and 1 on CSF biomarkers and 1 on hippocampal volume in AD, and none investigating the remaining outcome measures or patient groups. Methodological quality of identified studies was generally low. One study found a detrimental effect on hippocampal volume and one found a positive effect, whereas the remaining studies did not find an effect of exercise on outcome measures. The present systematic study identified a relatively small number of studies, which did not support an effect of exercise on hippocampal volume. Methodological issues such small to moderate sample sizes and inadequate ramdomization procedures further limits conclusions. Our findings highlight the difficulties in conducting high quality studies of exercise and further studies are needed before definite conclusions may be reached.
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The effect of physical exercise on cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of AD pathology is still unclear.
“Conversely, the effect of physical exercise on other biological measures of AD pathology, such as cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers is still unclear (64, 65), and further studies are needed on this topic.”
From The Multidisciplinary Approach to Alzheimer’s Disease and Dementia. A Narrative Review of Non-Pharmacological Treatment (2018) · cites this paper as [65]
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“Conversely, the effect of physical exercise on other biological measures of AD pathology, such as cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers is still unclear (64, 65), and further studies are needed on this topic.”
BackgroundPhysical activity, common brain pathologies, and cognition in community-dwelling older adults
Buchman, A. S., Yu, L., Wilson, R. S., Lim, A., Dawe, R. J., Gaiteri, C., Leurgans, S. E., Schneider, J. A., & Bennett, D. A. (2019) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000006954 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Physical Exercise-Induced Myokines in Neurodegenerative Diseases
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- Authors
- Frederiksen, K. S., Gjerum, L., Waldemar, G., & Hasselbalch, S. G.
- Affiliations
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Frederiksen, Kristian Steen
- Venue
- Journal of Alzheimer s Disease
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2017-11-28
- Volume
- 61
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 359-372
- ISSN
- 1387-2877 (ISSN-L)
- 1875-8908
- OpenAlex
- W2769822337
- Cited by
- 86
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 1.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Alzheimer s Disease (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Keywords
- physical activity, Alzheimer's disease
- MeSH terms
- Alzheimer Disease, Hippocampus, Humans, Biomarkers, Exercise, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Physical Therapy Modalities
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