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Cross-Linked Supramolecular Polymer Gels Constructed from Discrete Multi-pillar[5]arene Metallacycles and Their Multiple Stimuli-Responsive Behavior
Abstract
A new family of discrete hexakis-pillar[5]arene metallacycles with different sizes have been successfully prepared via coordination-driven self-assembly, which presented very few successful examples of preparation of discrete multiple pillar[n]arene derivatives. These newly designed hexakis-pillar[5]arene metallacycles were well characterized with one-dimensional (1-D) multinuclear NMR ((1)H and (31) P NMR), two-dimensional (2-D) (1)H-(1)H COSY and NOESY, ESI-TOF-MS, elemental analysis, and PM6 semiempirical molecular orbital methods. Furthermore, the host-guest complexation of such hexakis-pillar[5]arene hosts with a series of different neutral ditopic guests G1-6 were well investigated. Through host-guest interactions of hexakis-pillar[5]arene metallacycles H2 or H3 with the neutral dinitrile guest G5, the cross-linked supramolecular polymers H2⊃(G5)3 or H3⊃(G5)3 were successfully constructed at the high-concentration region, respectively. Interestingly, these cross-linked supramolecular polymers transformed into the stable supramolecular gels upon increasing the concentrations to a relatively high level. More importantly, by taking advantage of the dynamic nature of metal-ligand bonds and host-guest interactions, the reversible multiple stimuli-responsive gel-sol phase transitions of such polymer gels were successfully realized under different stimuli, such as temperature, halide, and competitive guest, etc. The mechanism of such multiple stimuli-responsive processes was well illustrated by in situ multinuclear NMR investigation. This research not only provides a highly efficient approach to the preparation of discrete multiple pillar[n]arene derivatives but also presents a new family of multiple stimuli-responsive "smart" soft matters.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Li, Z.-Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, C.-W., Chen, L.-J., Wang, C., Tan, H., Yu, Y., Li, X., & Yang, H.-B.
- Venue
- Journal of the American Chemical Society
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2014-03-11
- Volume
- 136
- Issue
- 24
- Pages
- 8577-8589
- ISSN
- 0002-7863 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5126
- OpenAlex
- W2320531280
- Cited by
- 537
- References
- 81
- FWCI
- 30.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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