The DOI matches its Crossref record; 52 of the 52 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Parenting and Family Stress Treatment Outcomes in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): An Empirical Analysis in the MTA Study
Abstract
Parenting and family stress treatment outcomes in the MTA study were examined. Male and female (579), 7-9-year-old children with combined type Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), were recruited at six sites around the United States and Canada, and randomly assigned to one of four groups: intensive, multi-faceted behavior therapy program alone (Beh); carefully titrated and monitored medication management strategy alone (MedMgt); a well-integrated combination of the two (Comb); or a community comparison group (CC). Treatment occurred over 14 months, and assessments were taken at baseline, 3, 9, and 14 months. Parenting behavior and family stress were assessed using parent-report and child-report inventories. Results showed that Beh alone, MedMgt alone, and Comb produced significantly greater decreases in a parent-rated measure of negative parenting, Negative/Ineffective Discipline, than did standard community treatment. The three MTA treatments did not differ significantly from each other on this domain. No differences were noted among the four groups on positive parenting or on family stress variables. Results are discussed in terms of the theoretical and empirically documented importance of negative parenting in the symptoms, comorbidities and long-term outcomes of ADHD.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The well-tested principles of positive and negative reinforcement and social learning provide the foundation for a range of techniques that are often modified to increase their value for patients with ADHD, to reduce inappropriate and promote appropriate behaviour and to improve parent-child relationships.
“The well-tested principles of positive and negative reinforce ment and social learning provide the foundation for a range of techniques that are often modified to increase their value for patients with ADHD, to reduce inappropriate and promote appropriate behaviour and to improve parent-child relationships 195,196 .”
From Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (2015) · cites this paper as [196]
Citations
Cites
Measuring Dyadic Adjustment: New Scales for Assessing the Quality of Marriage and Similar Dyads
Spanier, G. B. (1976) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.2307/350547 · Cited by 7,095
(1999) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.56.12.1073 · Cited by 3,372
BARKLEY, R. A., FISCHER, M., EDELBROCK, C. S., & SMALLISH, L. (1990) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199007000-00007 · Cited by 1,507
SWANSON, J. M., KRAEMER, H. C., HINSHAW, S. P., ARNOLD, L. E., CONNERS, C. K., ABIKOFF, H. B., CLEVENGER, W., DAVIES, M., ELLIOTT, G. R., GREENHILL, L. L., et al. (2001) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200102000-00011 · Cited by 1,157
Self-citationAssessment of parenting practices in families of elementary school-age children
Shelton, K. K., Frick, P. J., & Wootton, J. M. (1996) · Journal of Clinical Child Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp2503_8 · Cited by 1,131
(1999) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.56.12.1088 · Cited by 652
Hyperactive Children Grown Up: ADHD in Children, Adolescents, and Adults
Weiss, G., & Hechtman, L. T. (1993) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 589
Self-citationMash, E. J., & Johnston, C. (1990) · Journal of Clinical Child Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp1904_3 · Cited by 435
Parenting stress among families of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Anastopoulos, A. D., Guevremont, D. C., Shelton, T. L., & DuPaul, G. J. (1992) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/bf00916812 · Cited by 411
Parent training for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: Its impact on parent functioning
Anastopoulos, A. D., Shelton, T. L., DuPaul, G. J., & Guevremont, D. C. (1993) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/bf00916320 · Cited by 407
Long-Term Outcome of Hyperactive Children: A Review
Klein, R. G., & Mannuzza, S. (1991) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199105000-00005 · Cited by 403
Barkley, R. A., Fischer, M., EDELBROCK, C. S., & Smallish, L. (1991) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1991.tb00304.x · Cited by 367
Johnston, C. (1996) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/bf01448375 · Cited by 318
Richters, J., Arnold, L. E., Jensen, P., Abikoff, H., Conners, C., Greenhill, L. L., Hechtman, L., Hinshaw, S. P., Pelham, W., & Swanson, J. M. (1995) · Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199508000-00008 · Cited by 299
Self-citationMedication treatment strategies in the MTA Study: relevance to clinicians and researchers
GREENHILL, L. L., ABIKOFF, H. B., ARNOLD, L. E., CANTWELL, D. P., CONNERS, C. K., ELLIOTT, G., HECHTMAN, L., HINSHAW, S. P., HOZA, B., JENSEN, P. S., et al. (1996) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199610000-00017 · Cited by 297
Self-citationBarkley, R. A., Guevremont, D. C., Anastopoulos, A. D., & Fletcher, K. E. (1992) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.60.3.450 · Cited by 290
Barkley, R. A., Anastopoulos, A. D., Guevremont, D. C., & Fletcher, K. E. (1992) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/bf00916692 · Cited by 289
Multimodal Treatment of ADHD in the MTA: An Alternative Outcome Analysis
Conners, C. K., Epstein, J. N., March, J. S., Angold, A. C., Wells, K. C., Klaric, J., Swanson, J. M., Arnold, L. E., Abikoff, H., Elliott, G. R., et al. (2001) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200102000-00010 · Cited by 285
Self-citationThe Effects of Methylphenidate on the Mother-Child Interactions of Hyperactive Children
Barkley, R. A. (1979) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1979.01780020091010 · Cited by 268
Hinshaw, S. P., Owens, E. B., Wells, K. C., KRAEMER, H. C., Abikoff, H., Arnold, L. E., Conners, C. K., Elliott, G. R., Greenhill, L. L., Hechtman, L. T., et al. (2000) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1023/a:1005183115230 · Cited by 268
Self-citationCunningham, C. E., & Barkley, R. A. (1979) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1129059 · Cited by 254
Test-Retest Reliability of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC 2.1)
Jensen, P. S. (1995) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1995.03950130061007 · Cited by 249
Self-citationArnold, L. E. (1997) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1997.01830210113015 · Cited by 240
Pisterman, S., McGrath, P. J., Firestone, P., Goodman, J. T., Webster, I. H., & Mallory, R. (1989) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.57.5.628 · Cited by 236
A Comparison of the Mother-Child Interactions of Younger and Older Hyperactive and Normal Children
Mash, E. J., & Johnston, C. (1982) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1982.tb04177.x · Cited by 203
Befera, M. S., & Barkley, R. A. (1985) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1985.tb01945.x · Cited by 196
Wells, K. C., Pelham, W. E., Kotkin, R. A., Hoza, B., Abikoff, H., Abramowitz, A. J., Arnold, L. E., Cantwell, D. P., Conners, C. K., del Carmen, R., et al. (2000) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1023/a:1005174913412 · Cited by 193
Self-citationCunningham, C. E., Benness, B. B., & Siegel, L. S. (1988) · Journal of Clinical Child Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp1702_10 · Cited by 186
Griest, D. L., Forehand, R., Wells, K. C., & McMahon, R. J. (1980) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.89.3.497 · Cited by 180
Self-citationHyperactive Girls and Boys: Stimulant Drug Effects on Mother–Child Interactions
Barkley, R. A. (1989) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1989.tb00253.x · Cited by 168
Hinshaw, S. P., March, J. S., Abikoff, H., Arnold, L. E., Cantwell, D. P., Conners, C. K., Elliott, G. R., Halperin, J. M., Greenhill, L. L., Hechtman, L. T., et al. (1997) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/108705479700100403 · Cited by 164
Self-citationThe Effects of Methylphenidate on the Interactions of Preschool ADHD Children with Their Mothers
Barkley, R. A. (1988) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-198805000-00012 · Cited by 163
Breen, M. J., & Barkley, R. A. (1988) · Journal of Pediatric Psychology · doi:10.1093/jpepsy/13.2.265 · Cited by 161
A Comparison of the Mother-Child Interactions of Younger and Older Hyperactive and Normal Children
Mash, E. J., & Johnston, C. (1982) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1129028 · Cited by 154
The effects of parent training on parenting stress and sense of competence.
Pisterman, S., Firestone, P., McGrath, P. J., Goodman, J. T., Webster, I. H., Mallory, R., & Coffin, B. (1992) · Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science/Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement · doi:10.1037/h0078699 · Cited by 149
Barkley, R. A., Karlsson, J., Pollard, S., & Murphy, J. V. (1985) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1985.tb00585.x · Cited by 138
An examination of the social validity of a parent training program
Forehand, R., Wells, K. C., & Griest, D. L. (1980) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7894(80)80065-7 · Cited by 136
Self-citationThe role of parent training in treatment of preschoolers with ADDH.
Pisterman, S., Firestone, P., McGrath, P. J., Goodman, J. T., Webster, I. H., Mallory, R., & Goffin, B. (1992) · American Journal of Orthopsychiatry · doi:10.1037/h0079356 · Cited by 133
Griest, D. L., Forehand, R., Wells, K. C., et al. (1980) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.89.3.497 · Cited by 131
Self-citationThe interactions of hyperactive and normal boys with their fathers and mothers
Tallmadge, J., & Barkley, R. A. (1983) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/bf00917085 · Cited by 116
Mash, E. J., & Johnston, C. (1983) · Journal of Clinical Child Psychology · doi:10.1080/15374418309533116 · Cited by 112
Anderson, C. A., Hinshaw, S. P., & Simmel, C. (1994) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/bf02167903 · Cited by 107
Self-citationHumphries, T. W., Kinsbohrne, M., & Swanson, J. M. (1978) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1978.tb01747.x · Cited by 100
Self-citationDeterminants of Reliability in Psychiatric Surveys of Children Aged 6–12
Fallon, T., & Schwab‐Stone, M. (1994) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1994.tb01282.x · Cited by 88
Identifying the links between parents and their children's sibling relationships.
Furman, W. C., & Giberson, R. S. (1995) · Cited by 85
Arnold, L. E., Abikoff, H., Cantwell, D. P., Conners, C. K., Elliott, G. R., Greenhill, L. L., Hechtman, L. T., Hinshaw, S. P., Hoza, B., Jensen, P. S., et al. (1997) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/108705479700200301 · Cited by 84
Self-citationEffects of age on the mother-child interactions of ADD-H and normal boys
Barkley, R. A., Karlsson, J., & Pollard, S. (1985) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/bf00923146 · Cited by 80
The Effects of Parent Training and Ritalin on the Parent-Child Interactions of Hyperactive Boys
Pollard, S., Ward, E. M., & Barkley, R. A. (1984) · Child & Family Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1300/j019v05n04_04 · Cited by 67
Predictors of stress in caregivers of attention deficit hyperactivity disordered children
Baldwin, K., Brown, R. T., & Milan, M. A. (1995) · American Journal of Family Therapy · doi:10.1080/01926189508251345 · Cited by 59
Features of Interview Questions Associated with Attenuation of Symptom Reports
Lucas, C. P., Fisher, P. W., Piacentini, J. C., Zhang, H., Jensen, P. S., Shaffer, D., Dulcan, M. K., Schwab‐Stone, M., Regier, D. A., & CANINO, G. J. (1999) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1023/a:1021975824957 · Cited by 41
Self-citationInformant-Based Determinants of Symptom Attenuation in Structured Child Psychiatric Interviews
Piacentini, J. C., Roper, M., Jensen, P. S., Lucas, C., Fisher, P. W., Bird, H., Bourdon, K. H., Schwab‐Stone, M., Rubio‐Stipec, M., Davies, M., et al. (1999) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1023/a:1021923808118 · Cited by 37
Self-citationAttention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Children and Adolescents
Conners, C. K., & Erhardt, D. (1998) · Comprehensive Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1016/b0080-4270(73)00133-4 · Cited by 19
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 5
- Abidin, R. R. (1990). Parenting Stress Index-short form: Test manual. Charlottesville, VA: Pediatric Psychology Press.
- Abidin, R. R. (1986). Parenting Stress Index: Test manual. Charlottesville, VA: Pediatric Psychology Press.
- Barkley, R. A. (1996). Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. In E. J. Mash & R. A. Barkley (Eds.), Child psychopathology (pp. 63-112). New York: Guilford.
- Conners, C. K., Epstein, J., March, J., Angold, A.,Wells, K. C., Klaric, J., Swanson, J., Abikoff, H., Arnold, L. E., Elliott, G., Hoza, B., Kraemer, H., Greenhill, L., Hechtman, L., Hinshaw, S., Jensen, P., Newcorn, J., Pelham, W., Severe, J., Vitiello, B., & Wigal, T. (in press). Multi-modal treatment of ADHD (MTA): An overall measure of treatment outcome. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.
- Patterson, G. R., Reid, J. B., & Dishion, T. J. (1992). Antisocial boys. Eugene, OR: Castalia.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
Biederman, J., & Faraone, S. V. (2005) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(05)66915-2 · Cited by 1,463
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Faraone, S. V., Asherson, P., Banaschewski, T., Biederman, J., Buitelaar, J. K., Ramos-Quiroga, J. A., Rohde, L. A., Sonuga-Barke, E. J. S., Tannock, R., & Franke, B. (2015) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/nrdp.2015.20 · Cited by 1,479
ADHD Comorbidity Findings From the MTA Study: Comparing Comorbid Subgroups
JENSEN, P. S., HINSHAW, S. P., KRAEMER, H. C., LENORA, N., NEWCORN, J. H., ABIKOFF, H. B., MARCH, J. S., ARNOLD, L. E., CANTWELL, D. P., CONNERS, C. K., et al. (2001) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200102000-00009 · Cited by 974
Self-citationWeisz, J. R., Kuppens, S., Ng, M. Y., Eckshtain, D., Ugueto, A. M., Vaughn-Coaxum, R., Jensen-Doss, A., Hawley, K. M., Krumholz Marchette, L. S., Chu, B. C., et al. (2017) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/a0040360 · Cited by 862
MTA Cooperative Group (2004) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.113.4.754 · Cited by 589
Daley, D., van der Oord, S., Ferrin, M., Danckaerts, M., Doepfner, M., Cortese, S., & Sonuga-Barke, E. J. S. (2014) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2014.05.013 · Cited by 401
MTA Cooperative Group (2004) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.113.4.762 · Cited by 384
Harold, G. T., Leve, L. D., Barrett, D., Elam, K., Neiderhiser, J. M., Natsuaki, M. N., Shaw, D. S., Reiss, D., & Thapar, A. (2013) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.12100 · Cited by 230
Mindfulness training for parents and their children with ADHD increases the children's compliance
Singh, N. N., Singh, A. N., Lancioni, G. E., Singh, J., Winton, A. S. W., & Adkins, A. D. (2010) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-009-9272-z · Cited by 215
Parent–Child Relationships and ADHD Symptoms: A Longitudinal Analysis
Lifford, K. J., Harold, G. T., & Thapar, A. (2008) · Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10802-007-9177-5 · Cited by 199
Lee, P.-C., Niew, W.-I., Yang, H.-J., Chen, V. C.-H., & Lin, K.-C. (2012) · Research in Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2012.05.011 · Cited by 176
Psychosocial Interventions in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Antshel, K. M., & Barkley, R. (2008) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.chc.2007.11.005 · Cited by 172
Iadarola, S., Levato, L., Harrison, B., Smith, T., Lecavalier, L., Johnson, C., Swiezy, N., Bearss, K., & Scahill, L. (2018) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-017-3339-2 · Cited by 170
Effects of ethnicity on treatment attendance, stimulant response/dose, and 14-month outcome in ADHD
Arnold, L. E., Elliott, M., Sachs, L., Bird, H., Kraemer, H. C., Wells, K. C., Abikoff, H. B., Comarda, A., Conners, C. K., Elliott, G. R., et al. (2003) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.71.4.713 · Cited by 159
Patterns of parent-reported homework problems among ADHD-referred and non-referred children.
Power, T. J., Werba, B. E., Watkins, M. W., Angelucci, J. G., & Eiraldi, R. B. (2006) · School Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.1521/scpq.2006.21.1.13 · Cited by 135
Parent-child hostility and child ADHD symptoms: a genetically sensitive and longitudinal analysis
Lifford, K. J., Harold, G. T., & Thapar, A. (2009) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02107.x · Cited by 82
COMT Val158Met Genotype as a Risk Factor for Problem Behaviors in Youth
Albaugh, M. D., Harder, V. S., Althoff, R. R., Rettew, D. C., Ehli, E. A., Lengyel-Nelson, T., Davies, G. E., Ayer, L., Sulman, J., Stanger, C., et al. (2010) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2010.05.015 · Cited by 60
Metadata
- Authors
- Wells, K. C., Epstein, J. N., Hinshaw, S. P., Conners, C. K., Klaric, J., Abikoff, H. B., Abramowitz, A., Arnold, L. E., Elliott, G., Greenhill, L. L., Hechtman, L., Hoza, B., Jensen, P. S., March, J. S., Pelham, W., Pfiffner, L., Severe, J., Swanson, J. M., Vitiello, B., & Wigal, T.
- Affiliations
- Duke Medical Center (US)
- Duke University (US)
- University of California, Irvine (US)
- Emory University (US)
- University of Chicago (US)
- Suburban Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Wells, Karen C.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology
- Published
- 2000-12
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 543-553
- ISSN
- 0091-0627 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-2835
- OpenAlex
- W1542364295
- Cited by
- 215
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 4.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Institutional Research Information System University of Turin (University of Turin) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (UO1 MH50461, UO1 MH50440, U01MH050447, U01MH050440, UO1 MH50447, U01MH050461)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Behavioral and Psychological Studies
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, parenting, family stress, negative parenting, behavior therapy, medication management, combination therapy, children, treatment outcomes
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Behavior Therapy, Canada, Child, Child Behavior Disorders, Combined Modality Therapy, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Male, Negativism, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Stress, Psychological, United States, Comorbidity, Parenting, Treatment Outcome
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review