The DOI matches its Crossref record; 16 of the 17 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Bacterial spores in silage and raw milk
Abstract
Spore-forming bacteria can survive food-processing treatments. In the dairy industry, Bacillus and Clostridium species determine the shelf-life of a variety of heat-treated milk products, mainly if the level of post-process contamination is low. In order to minimize problems caused by bacterial spores in foods and food production processes a chain management approach, from raw materials, ingredients and environmental sources to final product storage conditions, is most effective. Silage is considered to be a significant source of contamination of raw milk with spores. PCR-RAPD fingerprinting and heat resistance studies of populations of aerobic spore-formers isolated from grass and maize silage and from raw milk confirmed this assumption. Prevention of outgrowth of aerobic spores in silage will contribute to reduction of the total spore load of raw milk. Therefore, it is important that the silage fermentation process is controlled. Application of cultures of lactic acid bacteria or chemical additives can aid silage fermentation and improve aerobic stability.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The quality of silage depends on the competition between different microorganisms.
“As known well, the quality of silage depends on the competition between different microorganisms [56].”
The occurrence of a number of undesirable microorganisms at low levels in fresh plant materials leads to their probable growth during the storage of silage, hence to anaerobic or aerobic spoilage.
“Unlike sweet sorghum, Napier grass silage had a high number of aerobic bacteria, mould and yeasts, according to the occurrence of a number of undesirable microorganisms at low levels in fresh plant materials, leading to their probable growth during the storage of silage, henceto anaerobic or aerobic spoilage [56].”
Citations
Cites
McDonald, P. (1981) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,473
The impact of the quality of silage on animal health and food safety: A review
Driehuis, F., & Elferink, S. J. W. H. O. (2000) · Veterinary Quarterly · doi:10.1080/01652176.2000.9695061 · Cited by 240
Christiansson, A., Bertilsson, J., & Svensson, B. (1999) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(99)75237-9 · Cited by 222
Microbial dynamics during aerobic deterioration of silages
Lindgren, S., Pettersson, K., Kaspersson, A., Jonsson, A., & Lingvall, P. (1985) · Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture · doi:10.1002/jsfa.2740360902 · Cited by 113
Effect of pasturing on the incidence of Bacillus cereus spores in raw milk
Slaghuis, B. A., Giffel, M. C. T., Beumer, R. R., & André, G. (1997) · International Dairy Journal · doi:10.1016/s0958-6946(97)00012-5 · Cited by 84
Thermal Death Kinetics of Spores of Bacillus sporothermodurans Isolated from UHT Milk
Huemer, I., Klijn, N., Vogelsang, H. W. J., & Langeveld, L. P. M. (1998) · International Dairy Journal · doi:10.1016/s0958-6946(98)00129-0 · Cited by 71
Giffel, M. C. T., Beumer, R. R., Klijn, N., Wagendorp, A. A., & ROMBOUTS, F. M. (2006) · FEMS Microbiology Letters · doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.1997.tb10169.x · Cited by 62
Klijn, N., Herman, L., Langeveld, L. P. M., Vaerewijck, M., Wagendorp, A. A., Huemer, I., & Weerkamp, A. H. (1997) · International Dairy Journal · doi:10.1016/s0958-6946(97)00029-0 · Cited by 60
Late blowing of Swiss cheese: Incidence of Clostridium tyrobutyricum in manufacturing milk
Dasgupta, A., & Hull, R. R. (1989) · Australian Journal of Dairy Technology · Cited by 55
Giffel, M. C. T. (1997) · FEMS Microbiology Letters · doi:10.1016/s0378-1097(96)00439-9 · Cited by 51
Ensiling of manured crops—effects on fermentation
Rammer, C., ÖSTLING, C., Lingvall, P., & Lindgren, S. (1994) · Grass and Forage Science · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2494.1994.tb02009.x · Cited by 38
Silage in Europe: A Survey of 33 Countries
Wilkinson, J. M., Wadephul, F., & Hill, J. S. (1996) · OpenGrey (Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique) · Cited by 32
Heat resistance of Paenibacillus polymyxa in relation to pH and acidulants
Casadei, M. A. (2000) · Journal of Applied Microbiology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2672.2000.01181.x · Cited by 22
Pirttijärvi, T. (2000) · Työväentutkimus Vuosikirja · Cited by 18
Sources and characterisation of spore-forming bacteria in raw milk.
Cook, G. M., & Sandeman, R. M. (2000) · Australian Journal of Dairy Technology · Cited by 16
Isolation, identification and characterization of Bacillus cereus from the dairy environment
Giffel, M. C. T. (1997) · doi:10.18174/201575 · Cited by 13
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 17 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Hammer P, Lembke F, Suhren G & W Heeschen (1995) Characterization of a heat resistant mesophilic Bacillus species affecting quality of raw milk - a preliminary report. Kiel. Milchwirtsch. Forschungsber. 47: 303–311.
- Herman L, Heyndrickx M, Vaerewijck M & N Klijn (2000) Bacillus sporothermodurans. 3. Isolation and methods of detection. Bull. IDF 357: 9–14.
- ICMSF (1996) Micro-organisms in foods. 5. Microbiological Specifications on Food Pathogens. Blackie Academic & Professional. London. ISBN 0-412-47350-X.
- Vreman K, Spoelstra SF & Oude Elferink SJWH (2001) Aerobic spores occur in vast quantities in silages from laboratory and farm silos. Das Wirtschafteigene Futter 44: 1–8.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Silage processing and strategies to prevent persistence of undesirable microorganisms.
Dunière, L., Sindou, J., Chaucheyras-Durand, F., Chevallier, I., & Thévenot-Sergentet, D. (2013) · Animal Feed Science and Technology · doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2013.04.006 · Cited by 335
The Prevalence and Control of Bacillus and Related Spore-Forming Bacteria in the Dairy Industry
Gopal, N., Hill, C., Ross, R. P., Beresford, T. P. J., Fenelon, M. A., & Cotter, P. D. (2015) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.01418 · Cited by 340
“In the dairy farm environment, the most common sources of raw milk contamination with Paenibacillus strains are silage and feed concentrate for cattle (Vaerewijck et al., 2001; te Giffel et al., 2002).”
BackgroundGuan, H., Yan, Y., Li, X., Li, X., Shuai, Y., Feng, G., Ran, Q., Cai, Y., Li, Y., & Zhang, X. (2018) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2018.06.018 · Cited by 249
Coorevits, A., Jonghe, V. D., Vandroemme, J., Reekmans, R., Heyrman, J., Messens, W., Vos, P. D., & Heyndrickx, M. (2008) · Systematic and Applied Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.syapm.2008.03.002 · Cited by 221
Silage review: Foodborne pathogens in silage and their mitigation by silage additives
Queiroz, O. C. M., Ogunade, I. M., Weinberg, Z., & Adesogan, A. T. (2018) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2017-13901 · Cited by 213
“Bacillus spp. and other aerobic, less acid-tolerant microorganisms, such as molds and Listeria, usually grow in the silage after the oxidation of lactic acid by yeast under aerobic conditions (te Giffel et al., 2002; Vissers et al., 2007a).”
BackgroundMurphy, S. C., Martin, N. H., Barbano, D. M., & Wiedmann, M. (2016) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2016-11172 · Cited by 213
Bacillus sporothermodurans and other highly heat-resistant spore formers in milk
Scheldeman, P., Herman, L., Foster, S. J., & Heyndrickx, M. (2006) · Journal of Applied Microbiology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.02964.x · Cited by 208
“silage 120–130 C te Giffel et al. (2002)”
BackgroundLücking, G., Stoeckel, M., Atamer, Z., Hinrichs, J., & Ehling‐Schulz, M. (2013) · International Journal of Food Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.07.004 · Cited by 198
Anaerobic sporeformers and their significance with respect to milk and dairy products
Doyle, C. J., Gleeson, D. E., JORDAN, K. N., Beresford, T. P. J., Ross, R. P., Fitzgerald, G. F., & Cotter, P. D. (2014) · International Journal of Food Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.12.022 · Cited by 153
Ranieri, M. L., Huck, J. R., Sonnen, M., Barbano, D. M., & Boor, K. J. (2009) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2009-2144 · Cited by 151
“Spores have also been found in raw milk (Shehata and Collins, 1971; Crielly et al., 1994; te Giffel et al., 2002; Huck et al., 2007a) and pasteurized milk (Griffiths and Phillips, 1990; Lin et al., 1998; Douglas et al., 2000; Fromm and Boor, 2004; Durak et al., 2006; Huck et al., 2007b).”
Silage and the safety and quality of dairy foods: A review
Driehuis, F. (2013) · Agricultural and Food Science · doi:10.23986/afsci.6699 · Cited by 150
“The results by Vissers et al. (2007a) confirmed earlier observations by Jonsson (1989, 1991), who showed that C.”
ResultTracking spore-forming bacteria in food: From natural biodiversity to selection by processes
Postollec, F., Mathot, A., Bernard, M., Divanac'h, M.-L., Pavan, S., & Sohier, D. (2012) · International Journal of Food Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2012.03.004 · Cited by 148
Incidence and Diversity of Potentially Highly Heat-Resistant Spores Isolated at Dairy Farms
Scheldeman, P., Pil, A., Herman, L., Vos, P. D., & Heyndrickx, M. (2005) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.71.3.1480-1494.2005 · Cited by 141
“Further molecular typing could provide proof of the given contamination routes, as shown for silage (46).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialPersistence strategies of Bacillus cereus spores isolated from dairy silo tanks
Shaheen, R., Svensson, B., Andersson, M. A., Christiansson, A., & Salkinoja-Salonen, M. S. (2009) · Food Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.fm.2009.11.004 · Cited by 132
Heyndrickx, M. (2011) · Applied and Environmental Soil Science · doi:10.1155/2011/561975 · Cited by 132
“In maize silage, lower concentrations of total spores of aerobes than in grass silage (10–103 cfu/g versus 102105 cfu/g) were found, which can be explained by the fact that grass silage is more contaminated with soil or faeces than maize silage [30].”
Nsofor, O. N., & Frank, J. F. (2014) · ASM Press eBooks · doi:10.1128/9781555818463.ch7 · Cited by 126
The effects of silage feeding on some sensory and health attributes of cow’s milk: A review
Kalač, P. (2010) · Food Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.08.077 · Cited by 117
“Their total and B. cereus spore levels in grass and maize silage range between 103–109 and 102–106 colony forming units per g, respectively (Te Giffel et al., 2002).”
BackgroundBacillus and Other Spore-Forming Genera: Variations in Responses and Mechanisms for Survival
Checinska, A., Paszczynski, A. J., & Burbank, M. B. (2015) · Annual Review of Food Science and Technology · doi:10.1146/annurev-food-030713-092332 · Cited by 117
Paenibacillus lactis sp. nov., isolated from raw and heat-treated milk
Scheldeman, P., Goossens, K., Rodríguez‐Díaz, M., Pil, A., Goris, J., Herman, L., Vos, P. D., Logan, N. A., & Heyndrickx, M. (2004) · INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY · doi:10.1099/ijs.0.02822-0 · Cited by 117
“Paenibacillus species are present in both silage (te Giffel et al., 2002) and feed concentrate for dairy cattle (Vaerewijck et al., 2001). To our knowledge, there have been no previous reports of Paenibacillus spores surviving industrial sterilization or UHT processing of milk. Nevertheless, te Giffel et al. (2002) re…”
BackgroundTracking Heat-Resistant, Cold-Thriving Fluid Milk Spoilage Bacteria from Farm to Packaged Product
Huck, J. R., Sonnen, M., & Boor, K. J. (2008) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2007-0697 · Cited by 117
Bacillus cereus Spores During Housing of Dairy Cows: Factors Affecting Contamination of Raw Milk
Magnusson, M., Christiansson, A., & Svensson, B. (2007) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2006-754 · Cited by 113
Tracking Spore-Forming Bacterial Contaminants in Fluid Milk-Processing Systems
Huck, J. R., Hammond, B. H., Murphy, S. C., Woodcock, N. H., & Boor, K. J. (2007) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2007-0196 · Cited by 110
Graf, K., Ulrich, A., Idler, C., & Klocke, M. (2016) · Journal of Applied Microbiology · doi:10.1111/jam.13114 · Cited by 110
“The occurrence of Bacillus and Paenibacillus species in silage is of great importance to dairy farms because their spores can contaminate milk after passing the alimentary tract of dairy cows (Te Giffel et al. 2002).”
BackgroundRelevance and analysis of butyric acid producing clostridia in milk and cheese
Brändle, J., Domig, K. J., & Kneifel, W. (2016) · Food Control · doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2016.02.038 · Cited by 110
Dolci, P., Tabacco, E., Cocolin, L., & Borreani, G. (2011) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.05050-11 · Cited by 108
Clostridium botulinumin Cattle and Dairy Products
Lindström, M., Myllykoski, J., Sivelä, S., & Korkeala, H. J. (2010) · Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition · doi:10.1080/10408390802544405 · Cited by 108
“Townes et al., (1996) suggested that cross-contamination with potatoes in the kitchen may have been the source of spores.”
BackgroundWatterson, M. J., Kent, D. J., Boor, K. J., Wiedmann, M., & Martin, N. H. (2014) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2013-7363 · Cited by 101
“…been isolated from soil and teats (Christiansson et al., 1999); pasture (Slaghuis et al., 1997); bedding, silage, and feed (Crielly et al., 1994; te Giffel et al., 2002; Magnusson et al., 2007); fecal material (Labots et al., 1965; Huck et al., 2008); and raw milk (Boor et al., 1998; Huck et al.,…”
BackgroundMartin, N. H., Evanowski, R. L., & Wiedmann, M. (2023) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2022-22416 · Cited by 95
Garde, S., Sánchez, R. A., Gaya, P., & Núñez, M. (2010) · International Dairy Journal · doi:10.1016/j.idairyj.2010.11.003 · Cited by 86
Sources of Clostridia in Raw Milk on Farms
Julien, M.-C., Dion, P., Lafrenière, C., Hani Antoun, A., & Drouin, P. (2008) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.00913-08 · Cited by 83
Inactivation of Bacillus spores inoculated in milk by Ultra High Pressure Homogenization
Amador‐Espejo, G. G., Hernández-Herrero, M. M., Juan, B., & Trujillo, A. J. (2014) · Food Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.fm.2014.06.010 · Cited by 82
“In this sense, and according to published data, the number of spores presented in a raw milk with acceptable microbiological quality seems to be low, with an average between 2 and 3 log CFU/mL (Coorevits et al., 2008; Eneroth et al., 1998; McGuiggan et al., 2002; Te Giffel et al., 2002).”
BackgroundSpore populations among bulk tank raw milk and dairy powders are significantly different
Miller, R. A., Kent, D. J., Watterson, M. J., Boor, K. J., Martin, N. H., & Wiedmann, M. (2015) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2015-9943 · Cited by 82
“Additionally, the heat tolerance of several spore species suggests that they are capable of surviving in the product throughout processing (te Giffel et al., 2002; Scheldeman et al., 2005; Burgess et al., 2010).”
Selection of tropical lactic acid bacteria for enhancing the quality of maize silage
Santos, A. O., Ávila, C. L. S., & Schwan, R. F. (2013) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2013-6782 · Cited by 72
“In addition to these compounds having no effect on silage preservation, these bacteria compete with LAB for substrates (Giffel et al., 2002).”
BackgroundHarimawan, A., Zhong, S., Lim, C. T., & Ting, Y. (2013) · Journal of Colloid and Interface Science · doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2013.05.031 · Cited by 68
Minimizing the Level of Butyric Acid Bacteria Spores in Farm Tank Milk
Vissers, M. M. M., Driehuis, F., Giffel, M. C. T., Jong, P. D., & Lankveld, J. M. G. (2007) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2006-798 · Cited by 67
Doll, E. V., Scherer, S., & Wenning, M. (2017) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.00135 · Cited by 68
“The main sources of spores when housing cows are the bedding material (Magnusson et al., 2007), but also the feed (Te Giffel et al., 2002; Vissers et al., 2007).”
BackgroundAdvantages and limitations of potential methods for the analysis of bacteria in milk: a review
Tabit, F. T. (2015) · Journal of Food Science and Technology · doi:10.1007/s13197-015-1993-y · Cited by 67
“Bacteria from silage are considered to be an important source of contamination of raw milk with spores, and a study on the populations of aerobic spore formers isolated from grass and maize silage has validated this hypothesis (Te Giffel et al. 2002).”
BackgroundBerendsen, E. M., Zwietering, M. H., Kuipers, O. P., & Wells-Bennik, M. H. J. (2014) · Food Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.fm.2014.04.009 · Cited by 67
“Various spores belonging to the genera of Bacillus, Aneurinibacillus, and Paenibacillus are able to survive heat treatments of temperatures higher than 120°C (30).”
BackgroundRanieri, M. L., Ivy, R. A., Mitchell, W. R., Call, E. K., Masiello, S., Wiedmann, M., & Boor, K. J. (2012) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.01361-12 · Cited by 67
“Additional studies in Europe reported similar findings, as mean counts of 131 mesophilic aerobic spores/ml (41) and 100 spores/ml of raw milk (42) were detected.”
ResultKent, D. J., Chauhan, K., Boor, K. J., Wiedmann, M., & Martin, N. H. (2016) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2015-10283 · Cited by 67
An Assessment of Pasteurization Treatment of Water, Media, and Milk with Respect to Bacillus Spores
Novak, J. S., Call, J. E., Tomasula, P. M., & Luchansky, J. B. (2005) · Journal of Food Protection · doi:10.4315/0362-028x-68.4.751 · Cited by 67
“cereus spores from the soil through the bovine gastrointestinal tract to fecal waste that can subsequently splash the udder, resulting in external contamination of the milk stream (24).”
BackgroundSeppälä, A., Heikkilä, T., Mäki, M., & Rinne, M. (2016) · Grass and Forage Science · doi:10.1111/gfs.12221 · Cited by 60
de Vries, Y. P., Atmadja, R. D., Hornstra, L. M., de Vos, W. M., & Abee, T. (2005) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.71.6.3248-3254.2005 · Cited by 61
Otte, J. M., Blackwell, N., Soos, V., Rughöft, S., Maisch, M., Kappler, A. A., Kleindienst, S., & Schmidt, C. (2018) · FEMS Microbiology Ecology · doi:10.1093/femsec/fiy189 · Cited by 63
Extreme high-temperature treatment of milk with respect to plasmin inactivation
van Asselt, A. J., Sweere, A. P. J., Rollema, H. S., & de Jong, P. (2007) · International Dairy Journal · doi:10.1016/j.idairyj.2007.11.019 · Cited by 60
Masiello, S., Martin, N. H., Watters, R. D., Galton, D. M., Schukken, Y. H., Wiedmann, M., & Boor, K. J. (2014) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2014-7938 · Cited by 58
“Paenibacillus spp. have been isolated from silage, dairy cow feed concentrate, and raw milk (Vaerewijck et al., 2001; te Giffel et al., 2002; Scheldeman et al., 2004).”
Soundharrajan, I., Park, H. S., Sathya, R., Sivanesan, R., & Choi, K. C. (2021) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app11178127 · Cited by 60
“These endospore-forming bacteria have been found in the GI tracts of dairy cows [41].”
BackgroundPrevalence of thermoduric bacteria and spores on 10 Midwest dairy farms
Buehner, K. P., Anand, S. K., & Garcia, A. D. (2014) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2014-8342 · Cited by 57
Germination of Bacillus cereus spores adhered to stainless steel
Hornstra, L. M., de Leeuw, P. P. L. A., Moezelaar, R., Wolbert, E. J. H., de Vries, Y. P., de Vos, W. M., & Abee, T. (2007) · International Journal of Food Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2007.02.012 · Cited by 57
Ordóñez, V. V., Valladares-Carranza, B., Tenorio-Borroto, E., Talavera-Rojas, M., Guerrero, J. A. V., Acosta-Dibarrat, J. P., Puigvert, F., Grille, L., González-Revello, Á., & Pareja, L. (2019) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.86182 · Cited by 56
“Preventive management of outgrowth of aerobic spores in silage by the application of acid lactic bacteria or chemical additives can improve the silage fermentation; it will contribute to reduce the total spore load of raw milk for dairy process [25].”
BackgroundAlhaag, H., Yuan, X., Mala, A., Bai, J., & Shao, T. (2019) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app9061247 · Cited by 55
“Unlike sweet sorghum, Napier grass silage had a high number of aerobic bacteria, mould and yeasts, according to the occurrence of a number of undesirable microorganisms at low levels in fresh plant materials, leading to their probable growth during the storage of silage, henceto anaerobic or aerobic spoilage [56].”
BackgroundDetermination of aerobic deterioration of corn stalk silage caused by aerobic bacteria
Liu, Q. H., Shao, T., & Zhang, J. G. (2013) · Animal Feed Science and Technology · doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2013.05.012 · Cited by 54
Garde, S., Ávila, M., Sánchez, R. A., Gaya, P., & Núñez, M. (2011) · International Journal of Food Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2011.07.018 · Cited by 55
“Clostridium spores coming from soil are able to develop in silage, contaminatemilk during themilkingprocess and survive pasteurization (DasGupta and Hull, 1989; Julien et al., 2008; Te Giffel et al., 2002; Vissers et al., 2006, 2007).”
Miller, R. A., Kent, D. J., Boor, K. J., Martin, N. H., & Wiedmann, M. (2015) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2015-9406 · Cited by 53
“The range of MS levels obtained in this study was comparable with MS levels obtained in other studies (te Giffel et al., 2002; Coorevits et al., 2008).”
ResultZucali, M., Bava, L., Colombini, S., Brasca, M., Decimo, M., Morandi, S., Tamburini, A., & Crovetto, G. M. (2014) · Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture · doi:10.1002/jsfa.6822 · Cited by 50
Borreani, G., Ferrero, F., Nucera, D. M., Casale, M., Piano, S., & Tabacco, E. (2019) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2019-16462 · Cited by 48
Gagnon, M., Ouamba, A. J. K., LaPointe, G., Chouinard, P. Y., & Roy, D. (2020) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2019-17918 · Cited by 48
Jagannath, A., & Tsuchido, T. (2003) · Letters in Applied Microbiology · doi:10.1046/j.1472-765x.2003.01416.x · Cited by 47
“By virtue of its composition and mode of production, milk is particularly susceptible to contamination by a wide variety of bacteria, more so by Bacillus which is a widely present organism in the environment and in silage meant for cattle (te Giffel et al. 2002).”
BackgroundGenetic diversity of thermoduric spoilage microorganisms of milk from Brazilian dairy farms
Júnior, J. C. R., Tamanini, R., de Oliveira, A. L. M., Alfieri, A. A., & Beloti, V. (2018) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2017-13948 · Cited by 46
Borreani, G., Dolci, P., Tabacco, E., & Cocolin, L. (2013) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2013-6649 · Cited by 45
“Only a few previous studies have reported the presence of Paenibacillus in grass silage (te Giffel et al., 2002) and in corn silage (Rossi and Dellaglio, 2007), but until now it has not been clear whether the presence of Paenibacillus is due to environmental contamination from the soil or to growth…”
BackgroundBuehler, A. J., Martin, N. H., Boor, K. J., & Wiedmann, M. (2018) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2018-14501 · Cited by 45
“Previous studies have demonstrated that psychrotolerant spore-formers are ubiquitous in the dairy farm environment and enter the milk supply through bulk tank raw milk (Christiansson et al., 1999; te Giffel et al., 2002; Ma-siello et al., 2014).”
BackgroundDry Matter Losses in Silages Resulting from Epiphytic Microbiota Activity—A Comprehensive Study
Wróbel, B., Nowak, J., Fabiszewska, A. U., Paszkiewicz-Jasińska, A., & Przystupa, W. (2023) · Agronomy · doi:10.3390/agronomy13020450 · Cited by 62
Food-Borne Pathogens and Contaminants in Raw Milk – A Review
Zastempowska, E., Grajewski, J., & Twarużek, M. (2016) · Annals of Animal Science · doi:10.1515/aoas-2015-0089 · Cited by 48
Foodborne Pathogens and Zoonotic Diseases
Sugrue, I., Tobin, C., Ross, R. P., Stanton, C., & Hill, C. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-810530-6.00012-2 · Cited by 43
Ortúzar, J., Martinez, B. A., Bianchini, A., Stratton, J., Rupnow, J. H., & Wang, B. (2017) · Food Control · doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.11.038 · Cited by 42
Inactivation kinetics of Bacillus spores in batch- and continuous-heating systems
Dogan, Z., Weidendorfer, K., Müller-Merbach, M., Lembke, F., & Hinrichs, J. (2008) · LWT · doi:10.1016/j.lwt.2008.05.005 · Cited by 40
On‐Farm Hygienic Milk Production
Vissers, M. M. M., & Driehuis, F. (2008) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781444301649.ch1 · Cited by 38
Pinto, C. L. O., Souza, L. V., Meloni, V. Á. D. S., Batista, C. D. S., Silva, R., Martins, E. M. F., da Cruz, A. G., & Martins, M. L. (2017) · International Journal of Dairy Technology · doi:10.1111/1471-0307.12339 · Cited by 36
Spanu, C., Scarano, C., Spanu, V., Pala, C., Casti, D., Lamon, S., Cossu, F., Ibba, M., Nieddu, G., & Santis, E. P. L. D. (2016) · Food Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.fm.2016.05.002 · Cited by 35
Control and Prediction of Quality Characteristics in the Manufacture and Ripening of Cheese
Guinee, T. P., & O'Callaghan, D. J. (2010) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781444323740.ch8 · Cited by 34
Kmiha, S., Aouadhi, C., Klibi, A., Jouini, A., Béjaoui, A., Mejri, S., & Maaroufi, A. (2017) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2016-11616 · Cited by 33
“…several entry points of theses microorganisms have been identified at the farm level including concentrate feeds, silage, bedding, manure, soil, wash water, clusters, teat cups, and filter cloths (Vaerewijck et al., 2001; te Giffel et al., 2002; Scheldeman et al., 2005; Huck et al., 2008).”
BackgroundBremer, P. J., Seale, B., Flint, S., & Palmer, J. S. (2009) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1533/9781845697167.4.396 · Cited by 33
Evaluation of the Hygienic Quality of Market Milk of Khartoum State (Sudan)
., N. N. I. M., & ., I. E. M. E. Z. (2006) · International Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3923/ijds.2007.33.41 · Cited by 33
Stoeckel, M., Lücking, G., Ehling‐Schulz, M., Atamer, Z., & Hinrichs, J. (2016) · Dairy Science and Technology · doi:10.1007/s13594-016-0279-0 · Cited by 29
“The sources of the spores in the raw milk are, amongst others, the milking machines and the feed (Scheldeman et al. 2005; Te Giffel et al. 2002).”
BackgroundWedel, C., Atamer, Z., Dettling, A., Wenning, M., Scherer, S., & Hinrichs, J. (2021) · International Dairy Journal · doi:10.1016/j.idairyj.2021.105252 · Cited by 27
Masiello, S., Kent, D. J., Martin, N. H., Schukken, Y. H., Wiedmann, M., & Boor, K. J. (2017) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2017-13139 · Cited by 27
“Paenibacillus spp. have also been isolated from silage, dairy cow feed concentrate, and raw milk (Vaerewijck et al., 2001; te Giffel et al., 2002; Scheldeman et al., 2004).”
BackgroundPalanisamy, N., Seale, R. B., Turner, A., & Hémar, Y. (2018) · Ultrasonics Sonochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.ultsonch.2018.09.025 · Cited by 26
Bacillus cereus spore formation, structure and germination
de Vries, Y. P. (2006) · doi:10.18174/121760 · Cited by 26
“In this way, the milk process is selecting for B. cereus, and the number of B. cereus per ml is the determining factor for the shelf-life of pasteurized milk and several other heat-treated milk products (Andersson et al., 1995; te Giffel et al., 2002).”
BackgroundBacillus cereus and Other Bacillus spp.
Griffiths, M. W. (2014) · ASM Press eBooks · doi:10.1128/9781555815936.ch1 · Cited by 25
Process audits versus product quality monitoring of bulk milk
Velthuis, A. G. J., & van Asseldonk, M. A. P. M. (2010) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2010-3528 · Cited by 23
“The BAB spores accumulate in feces and, via the exterior of the cow’s teats contaminated with feces, BAB is transmitted to milk during milking (Te Giffel et al., 2002).”
BackgroundMartinez, B. A., Stratton, J., & Bianchini, A. (2016) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2016-11660 · Cited by 24
“These bacterial communities are widely distributed in dairy farm environments and are easily introduced into raw milk and at subsequent points during handling and processing (te Giffel et al., 2002; Magnusson et al., 2007; Watterson et al., 2014).”
BackgroundGarde, S., Gaya, P., Sánchez, R. A., & Núñez, M. (2012) · Food Control · doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.05.024 · Cited by 21
Bacillus thermoamylovorans – A new threat to the dairy industry – A review
Flint, S., Gonzaga, Z. J., Good, J., & Palmer, J. S. (2016) · International Dairy Journal · doi:10.1016/j.idairyj.2016.10.002 · Cited by 20
Moatsou, G. A., & Moschopoulou, E. (2014) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/b17297-2 · Cited by 20
Medjahdi, K., Didouh, N., & Araújo, R. (2025) · Food Control · doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111134 · Cited by 19
Metagenomic Analysis of Silage
Tennant, R., Sambles, C., Diffey, G. E., Moore, K., & Love, J. (2017) · Journal of Visualized Experiments · doi:10.3791/54936 · Cited by 19
A Novel Microbial Zearalenone Transformation through Phosphorylation
Zhu, Y., Drouin, P., Lepp, D., Li, X., Zhu, H., Castex, M., & Zhou, T. (2021) · Toxins · doi:10.3390/toxins13050294 · Cited by 18
“are ubiquitous in soil and are frequently present in silage [34].”
BackgroundInactivation of Bacillus spores in batch vs continuous heating systems at sterilisation temperatures
Stoeckel, M., Abduh, S. B. M., Atamer, Z., & Hinrichs, J. (2014) · International Journal of Dairy Technology · doi:10.1111/1471-0307.12134 · Cited by 18
Ulberth, F. (2003) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1533/9781855737181.2.357 · Cited by 16
Gleissle, A., Schmidt, H., & Hinrichs, J. (2025) · International Journal of Food Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2025.111255 · Cited by 15
Accurate quantification of thermophilic spores in dairy powders
Dettling, A., Doll, E. V., Wedel, C., Hinrichs, J., Scherer, S., & Wenning, M. (2019) · International Dairy Journal · doi:10.1016/j.idairyj.2019.07.003 · Cited by 15
The effects of packaging type and storage temperature on some of UHT milk quality indexes
Fayed, A., Sheikha, A. F. E., Ali, A., & Hassan, M. A. (2022) · Food Science and Technology International · doi:10.1177/10820132221092378 · Cited by 14
Wu, B., Ren, T., Cao, X., Wu, T., Hu, Z., Ai, J., Zhang, N., Zhang, Y., Yu, Z., Du, L., et al. (2025) · Industrial Crops and Products · doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120802 · Cited by 14
Ziane, M., Couvert, O., Chevalier, P. L., Moussa–Boudjemâa, B., & Leguérinel, I. (2016) · Small Ruminant Research · doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2016.03.004 · Cited by 14
Biofilm formation by spore-forming bacteria in food processing environments
Lindsay, D., & Flint, S. (2009) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1533/9781845697167.2.270 · Cited by 14
Giambra, I. J., Jahan, Y., Yin, T., Engel, P., Weimann, C., Brügemann, K., & König, S. (2021) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani11102890 · Cited by 13
“, also in fodders, leading to its occurrence in faeces [29,30].”
BackgroundFerrero, A., Ferrero, F., Casale, M., Nucera, D. M., Novaresio, M., Tabacco, E., & Borreani, G. (2024) · International Dairy Journal · doi:10.1016/j.idairyj.2024.105948 · Cited by 11
Pathogenic microorganisms in milk: their source, hazardous role and identification
Sujata, S., Dubey, K. K., Raj, T., & Kumar, P. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-85793-2.00005-9 · Cited by 14
Klijn, A., Baylis, C., Xiao, Y., Li, H., Cabon, A., Antonie-Zijlstra, S., de Benito, A., Ellingsen, A. B., & Wells-Bennik, M. H. J. (2025) · International Journal of Food Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2024.111046 · Cited by 10
Sporeforming bacterial pathogens in ready-to-eat dairy products
Spanu, C. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-801916-0.00015-7 · Cited by 10
Metadata
- Authors
- te Giffel, M. C., Wagendorp, A., Herrewegh, A., & Driehuis, F.
- Affiliations
- Nederlands Instituut Voor Zuivel Oonderzoek (NL)
- ORCID
- Wagendorp, A.
- Venue
- Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
- Published
- 2002-12
- Volume
- 81
- Issue
- 1-4
- Pages
- 625-630
- ISSN
- 0003-6072 (ISSN-L)
- 1572-9699
- OpenAlex
- W1502175492
- Cited by
- 147
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 2.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biotechnology › Microbial Inactivation Methods
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Food Safety and Hygiene
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food
- Keywords
- bacterial spores, silage, raw milk, spore-forming bacteria, Bacillus, Clostridium, silage fermentation, grass silage, corn silage, heat resistance, spore load, silage additives, food contamination
- MeSH terms
- Aerobiosis, Animals, Bacillus, DNA, Ribosomal, Hot Temperature, Milk, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Silage, Spores, Bacterial, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
