Long-Term Clinical and Neuropsychological Outcomes of West Nile Virus Infection
Abstract
Background Since its introduction in 1999, West Nile virus has rapidly become the most common arboviral infection in North America. Little is known about the long-term clinical sequelae of West Nile virus infection. Methods A total of 49 patients with laboratory-confirmed West Nile virus infection were identified through state-based surveillance. Stratification for disease severity was based on hospitalization during the infection episode. Assessment occurred a mean of 13 months after diagnosis. Medical records were reviewed, and a complete neurologic examination was performed. Standardized surveys for quality of life, functional ability, fatigue, and depression were performed for all subjects. An extensive battery of neuropsychological tests was performed to assess cognitive function. Results Self-reported fatigue, memory problems, extremity weakness, word-finding difficulty, and headache were common complaints. Standardized survey data confirmed an overall sense of poor physical health, fatigue, depression, and moderate-to-severe disability in 24 (49%), 24 (49%), 12 (24%), and 4 (8%) patients, respectively. New tremor was seen or reported for 10 (20%) of the patients. Neuropsychological testing showed abnormalities of motor skills, attention, and executive functions. Univariate analysis of multiple risk factors did not identify any predictors of adverse outcomes. Conclusions Multiple somatic complaints, tremor, and abnormalities in motor skills and executive functions are c…
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Movement disorders persist for months to years in WNE patients.
“Movement disorders persist for months to years [83, 87–91].”
From Cognitive decline following acute viral infections: literature review and projections for post-COVID-19 (2022) · cites this paper as [91]
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- Authors
- Carson, P. J., Konewko, P., Wold, K. S., Mariani, P., Goli, S., Bergloff, P., & Crosby, R. D.
- Affiliations
- University of North Dakota (US)
- University of Miami (US)
- Corresponding author
- Carson, P. J.
- Venue
- Clinical Infectious Diseases
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2006-09-15
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 723-730
- ISSN
- 1058-4838 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-6591
- OpenAlex
- W2159889994
- Cited by
- 189
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 9.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Clinical Infectious Diseases (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Infectious Encephalopathies and Encephalitis
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Keywords
- West Nile virus infection, long-term outcomes, neuropsychological outcomes, post-infectious fatigue, depression, cognitive impairment, executive dysfunction, motor skills, tremor, disability, quality of life, arbovirus infection, disease severity
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Depression, Fatigue, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Memory Disorders, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Population Surveillance, Tremor, West Nile Fever, Risk Assessment, Muscle Weakness, Motor Skills Disorders
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