How Useful Is Paracetamol Absorption as a Marker of Gastric Emptying? A Systematic Literature Study

Willems, Marleen; Quartero, A. Otto; Numans, Mattijs E.

doi:10.1023/a:1011935603893

Cited by 211Gastrointestinal motility and disordersGastrointestinal Bleeding Diagnosis and TreatmentEnhanced Recovery After Surgery

How Useful Is Paracetamol Absorption as a Marker of Gastric Emptying? A Systematic Literature Study

Willems, Marleen, Quartero, A. Otto, Numans, Mattijs E.·2001·Digestive Diseases and Sciences

DOI 10.1023/a:1011935603893

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Abstract

Functional dyspepsia is a common disorder in primary care and gastroenterology units; however, the pathophysiology is poorly understood. Delayed gastric emptying is present in nearly 40% of patients. We evaluated the validity of the paracetamol absorption test in comparison with scintigraphy for gastric emptying assessment. Studies comparing scintigraphy with paracetamol absorption were selected through a structured Medline search. A correlation coefficient between scintigraphy and paracetamol absorption over 0.6 was considered good, between 0.45 and 0.6 intermediate, and below 0.45 poor. Feasibility was assessed by studying the administration of paracetamol, frequency of blood sampling, duration of the test period, and parameters used in the analysis. Thirteen studies were identified, eight (127 subjects) found a good correlation between scintigraphy and paracetamol absorption, two studies (28 subjects) found a moderate correlation, and three (25 subjects) found no correlation. Parameters used were area under the curve (N = 9), fixed-time concentrations (N = 6), concentration-max (N = 4) and time-to-concentration-max (N = 5). Repetitive blood samples ranged from 6 to 20 samples. The durations were 1.5-8 h. In conclusion, the paracetamol absorption technique generally correlates well to scintigraphy of liquid phase gastric emptying. The execution and outcome parameters however need further standardization to optimize its' value for clinical use and research purposes.

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Orally administered acetaminophen is poorly absorbed by the stomach but absorbed rapidly from the small intestine, so gastric emptying is the rate-limiting step for the appearance of acetaminophen in the blood.
“Orally administered acetaminophen is poorly absorbed by the stomach but absorbed rapidly from the small intestine. Thus, gastric emptying is the rate-limiting step for the appearance of acetaminophen in the blood.18”
From Effects of the once-daily GLP-1 analog liraglutide on gastric emptying, glycemic parameters, appetite and energy metabolism in obese, non-diabetic adults (2014) · cites this paper as [18]
Acetaminophen absorption is an indirect assessment of the liquid phase of gastric emptying.
“Acetaminophen absorption is an indirect assessment of the liquid phase of gastric emptying.”
From Effects of the once-daily GLP-1 analog liraglutide on gastric emptying, glycemic parameters, appetite and energy metabolism in obese, non-diabetic adults (2014) · cites this paper as [18]

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Authors: Willems, M., Quartero, A. O., & Numans, M. E.
Affiliations: University Medical Center Utrecht (NL)
ORCID: Numans, Mattijs E.
Venue: Digestive Diseases and Sciences
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2001-10
Volume: 46
Issue: 10
Pages: 2256-2262
ISSN: 0163-2116 (ISSN-L)
1573-2568
DOI: 10.1023/a:1011935603893
OpenAlex: W1510097375
Cited by: 211
References: 41
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 9
FWCI: 2.83
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/text-and-data-mining (tdm)
www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/text-and-data-mining (vor)
Locations: Digestive Diseases and Sciences (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal Bleeding Diagnosis and Treatment
Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Enhanced Recovery After Surgery
Keywords: gastric emptying, scintigraphy, functional dyspepsia, delayed gastric emptying, test validity, test standardization, test length
MeSH terms: Acetaminophen, Dyspepsia, Gastric Emptying, Humans, Intestinal Absorption, Reproducibility of Results, Analgesics, Non-Narcotic

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How Useful Is Paracetamol Absorption as a Marker of Gastric Emptying? A Systematic Literature Study

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