The DOI matches its Crossref record; 45 of the 45 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Measurement of Deliberate Self-Harm: Preliminary Data on the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“The inventory has been shown to have high internal consistency and adequate test-retest reliability in an undergraduate sample [38].”
In the citing paper
“The primary outcome measure was the total frequency of DSH measured by DSHI, a self-report measure with adequate test–retest reliability and construct, discriminant and convergent validity.1”
From Emotion regulation group therapy for deliberate self-harm: A multi-site evaluation in routine care using an uncontrolled open trial design (2017) · cites this paper as [1]
Citations
Cites
A new scale of social desirability independent of psychopathology.
Crowne, D. P., & Marlowe, D. (1960) · Journal of Consulting Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0047358 · Cited by 8,686
(1993) · Cited by 7,136
Content validity in psychological assessment: A functional approach to concepts and methods.
Haynes, S. N., Richard, D. C. S., & Kubany, E. S. (1995) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037//1040-3590.7.3.238 · Cited by 2,387 · cited 3×
“That is, since all of the participants in this study were college students, the validity of the DSHI for a clinical population has yet to be determined (see Haynes et al., 1995 ).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialIntroduction to Psychological Measurement
Nunnally, J. C. (1970) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,070
Beyond the tower of Babel: A nomenclature for suicidology
O'Carroll, P. W., Berman, A. L., Maris, R. W., Moscicki, E. K., Tanney, B. L., & Silverman, M. M. (1996) · Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior · doi:10.1111/j.1943-278x.1996.tb00609.x · Cited by 982
The Coming of Age of Self-Mutilation
Favazza, A. R. (1998) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-199805000-00001 · Cited by 712
Risk factors for deliberate self-harm among college students.
Gratz, K. L., Conrad, S. D., & Roemer, L. (2002) · American Journal of Orthopsychiatry · doi:10.1037/0002-9432.72.1.128 · Cited by 612
Self-citationThe functions of self-mutilation
Suyemoto, K. L. (1998) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/s0272-7358(97)00105-0 · Cited by 597
The Revised Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines: Discriminating BPD from other Axis II Disorders
Zanarini, M. C., Gunderson, J. G., Frankenburg, F. R., & Chauncey, D. L. (1989) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi.1989.3.1.10 · Cited by 596
The deliberate self-harm syndrome
Pattison, Ε. M., & Kahan, J. (1983) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.140.7.867 · Cited by 560
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Conterio, K., & Lader, W. (1998). Bodily harm. New York: Hyperion.
- Oldham, J., Clarkin, J., Applebaum, A., Carr, A., Kernberg, P., Lotterman, A., et al., (1985). A self report instrument for borderline personality organization. In T. H. McGlashan (Ed.), The borderline: Current empirical research. The progress in psychiatry series. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 301–400 of 1,000
Gratz, K. L., & Tull, M. T. (2012) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2012.03.025 · Cited by 46
“The DSHI has demonstrated adequate test–retest reliability and construct, discriminant, and convergent validity among undergraduate student and patient samples (Gratz, 2001; Fliege et al., 2006).”
BackgroundMethodSelf-citationExamining Non-Suicidal Self-Injury among Adolescents with Mental Health Needs, in Ontario, Canada
Stewart, S. L., Baiden, P., & Theall, L. (2014) · Archives of Suicide Research · doi:10.1080/13811118.2013.824838 · Cited by 46
“However, Gratz (2001) failed to find any significant association between NSSI and gender.”
Backgroundde Klerk, S., van Noorden, M. S., van Giezen, A. E., Spinhoven, P., den Hollander-Gijsman, M. E., Giltay, E. J., Speckens, A. E. M., & Zitman, F. G. (2011) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2011.03.021 · Cited by 42
“According to previous research, speci!c deliberate self-harm behaviours (such as cutting, scratching or head banging) may be underreported according to self-report questionnaires unless they are speci!cally asked for (Gratz, 2001).”
BackgroundGolder, S., Connell, C. M., & Sullivan, T. P. (2012) · Violence Against Women · doi:10.1177/1077801212456991 · Cited by 42
“Self-harming behavior was measured by seven items from the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory (Gratz, 2001); a variable was created reflecting the number of different self-harming behaviors a woman ever engaged in (observed range: 0-7).”
MethodTresno, F., Yoshimi, I. T. O., & Mearns, J. (2012) · International Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1080/00207594.2012.733399 · Cited by 42
Differentiating Suicide Attempters from Suicide Ideators: The Role of Capability for Suicide
Ren, Y., You, J., Zhang, X., Huang, J., Conner, B. T., Sun, R., Xu, S., & Lin, M. (2018) · Archives of Suicide Research · doi:10.1080/13811118.2018.1426507 · Cited by 42
“The seven NSSI behaviors used in the current study were selected from the Deliberate SelfHarm Inventory (DSHI; Gratz, 2001), and were rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale, 1 = never, 2 = once or twice, 3 = three to five times, and 4 = six times or more.”
MethodWang, Q., & Liu, X. (2019) · Psychology Research and Behavior Management · doi:10.2147/prbm.s215246 · Cited by 42
Jiang, Y., Ren, Y., Zhu, J., & You, J. (2020) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-020-00624-4 · Cited by 43
Robinson, K., & Wilson, M. (2020) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/pas0000830 · Cited by 47
Acute tryptophan depletion and self-injurious behavior in aggressive patients and healthy volunteers
McCloskey, M. S., Ben‐Zeev, D., Lee, R., Berman, M. E., & Coccaro, E. F. (2008) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-008-1374-6 · Cited by 42
“Estimates of lifetime selfinjurious behavior are as high as 35% ( Gratz 2001 ) with repeated acts of self-injury occurring in approximately 4% of nonclinical samples (Briere and Gil 1998).”
BackgroundAltenburg, N., Joraschky, P., Barthel, A., Bittner, A., Pöhlmann, K., Rietzsch, H., Fischer, S., Mennicken, G., Koehler, C., & Bornstein, S. R. (2010) · Diabetic Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.2010.03151.x · Cited by 41
Cotter, P., Kaess, M., Corcoran, P. E., Parzer, P., Brunner, R. M., Keeley, H., Carli, V., Wasserman, C., Hoven, C. W., Sarchiapone, M., et al. (2015) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-015-1016-3 · Cited by 48
Gelinas, B. L., & Wright, K. D. (2013) · Archives of Suicide Research · doi:10.1080/13811118.2013.777003 · Cited by 41
“The Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory (DSHI; Gratz, 2001) is a 17-item, behaviorally based, selfreport questionnaire which assesses the frequency, severity, duration, and type of self-harm behavior.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialCarvalho, C. B., Nunes, C. C. D. A., Castilho, P., da Motta, C., Caldeira, S. N., & Pinto‐Gouveia, J. (2015) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2015.01.031 · Cited by 41
“Other studies have found methods such as puncturing with pins or needles, severe scratching (Gratz, 2001) and burning oneself with cigarettes (Messer and Fremouw, 2008).”
BackgroundWang, S. B., Pisetsky, E. M., Skutch, J. M., Fruzzetti, A. E., & Haynos, A. F. (2018) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2018.02.005 · Cited by 41
“This study examined cross-sectional associations between self-reported restrictive eating, NSSI, and putative mechanisms of emotion regulation and interpersonal problems in a non-clinical sample of undergraduate students (N = 98, 80.6% female), using the Dietary Restriction Screener (Haynos & Fruzzetti, 2015), Deliber…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSlotema, C. W., van den Berg, D. P. G., Driessen, A., Wilhelmus, B., & Franken, I. H. A. (2019) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.1080/20008198.2019.1614822 · Cited by 42
“(4) The severity of self-injurious behaviour, i.e. non-suicidal self-injury, was analysed with the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory (DSHI), which is also a self-report measure (Gratz, 2001).”
MethodSelf-criticism longitudinally predicts nonsuicidal self-injury in eating disorders
Perkins, N. M., Ortiz, S. N., & Smith, A. R. (2019) · Eating Disorders · doi:10.1080/10640266.2019.1695450 · Cited by 32
“Further, studies have estimated that between 5-35% of individuals with EDs have engaged in NSSI (Gratz, 2001; Nada-Raja, Skegg, Langley, Morrison, & Sowerby, 2004; Whitlock et al., 2011).”
BackgroundAnalysis of relative telomere length and apoptosis in humans exposed to ionising radiation.
Ilyenko, I. M., Lyaskivska, O. V., & Bаzyка, D. (2011) · PubMed · Cited by 41
Spitzen, T. L., Tull, M. T., Baer, M. M., Dixon–Gordon, K. L., Chapman, A. L., & Gratz, K. L. (2020) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.08.049 · Cited by 41
Self-citationAffect Regulation as a Mediator of Attachment and Deliberate Self‐Harm
Kimball, J. S., & Diddams, M. (2007) · Journal of College Counseling · doi:10.1002/j.2161-1882.2007.tb00005.x · Cited by 41
Negative Intrusive Thoughts and dissociation as Risk Factors for Self‐Harm
Batey, H., May, J., & Andrade, J. (2010) · Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior · doi:10.1521/suli.2010.40.1.35 · Cited by 41
“The low ‘self worth’ risks discussed by Starr (2004) and Gratz (2001) Self harm is often considered to be impulsive behavior and in a study of adolescents, was found to separate groups of self-harmers and non harmers (Kashden et al., 1993).”
Demers, L. A., Schreiner, M. W., Hunt, R. H., Mueller, B. A., Klimes-Dougan, B., Thomas, K. M., & Cullen, K. R. (2019) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.02.038 · Cited by 38
“NSSI was measured using the self-report Inventory of Statements About Self-Injury (ISAS; Glenn and Klonsky, 2011) and the clinician-administered Deliberate SelfHarm Inventory (DSHI; Gratz, 2001).”
MethodWei, C., Li, Z., Ma, T., Jiang, X., Yu, C., & Xu, Q. (2022) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.944726 · Cited by 40
“We assessed twelve NSSI behaviors (37) selected from the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory (38), such as cutting, carving, burning, and severely scratching oneself.”
MethodDating Violence and Self‐Injury Among Undergraduate College Students: Attitudes and Experiences
Murray, C. E., Wester, K. L., & Paladino, D. A. (2008) · Journal of College Counseling · doi:10.1002/j.2161-1882.2008.tb00023.x · Cited by 40
“Prevalence among coHege-age populations reportedly ranges between 12% and 35% (Favazza et al., 1989; Gratz, 2001).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialN -Acetylcysteine for Nonsuicidal Self-Injurious Behavior in Adolescents: An Open-Label Pilot Study
Cullen, K. R., Klimes‐Dougan, B., Schreiner, M. W., Carstedt, P. A., Marka, N. A., Nelson, K. J., Miller, M. J., Reigstad, K. M., Westervelt, A., Gunlicks‐Stoessel, M., et al. (2017) · Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1089/cap.2017.0032 · Cited by 40
“All participants completed the Inventory of Statements About Self-Injury–Lifetime version (ISAS) (Glenn and Klonsky 2011); after reviewing the results, the research clinician administered the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory (DSHI) interview (Gratz 2001), with a focus on the type of self-harm that had been endorsed in t…”
MethodMcCay, E. A., Quesnel, S., Langley, J., Beanlands, H. J., Cooper, L., Blidner, R., Aiello, A., Mudachi, N., Howes, C. S., & Bach, K. (2011) · Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing · doi:10.1111/j.1744-6171.2011.00301.x · Cited by 40
“SH In order to assess whether participants engaged in SH, several items were adopted from the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory developed by Gratz (2001) to assess deliberate SH behavior without suicidal intent.”
BackgroundMethodKocalevent, R., Fliege, H., Rose, M., Walter, M., Danzer, G., & Klapp, B. F. (2005) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000085143 · Cited by 40
Misiak, B., Szewczuk-Bogusławska, M., Samochowiec, J., Moustafa, A. A., & Gawęda, Ł. (2023) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2023.05.044 · Cited by 40
Subtypes of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Based on Childhood Adversity
Vaughn, M. G., Salas‐Wright, C. P., Underwood, S., & Gochez‐Kerr, T. (2014) · Psychiatric Quarterly · doi:10.1007/s11126-014-9313-7 · Cited by 39
“Non-Suicidal Self Injury (NSSI) is classified as maladaptive behaviors that include deliberate harm such as cutting, burning, stabbing, or scratching oneself [1, 2].”
BackgroundKimbrel, N. A., Gratz, K. L., Tull, M. T., Morissette, S. B., Meyer, E. C., DeBeer, B. B., Silvia, P. J., Calhoun, P. C., & Beckham, J. C. (2015) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2015.03.026 · Cited by 39
Self-citationWang, Y., Zhang, M., & Chen, H. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02672 · Cited by 40
“In general, the frequency or severity of self-injurious behavior is considered as a useful indicator of injury (Gratz, 2001; Prinstein, 2008), but Feng (2008) suggested that the overall level of self-injury was a comprehensive indicator that fully considered the frequency and severity of injury to…”
BackgroundDeveloping and validating the “composite measure of problem behaviors”
Kingston, J. L., Clarke, S., Ritchie, T. D., & Remington, B. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.20802 · Cited by 39
“The Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory (Gratz, 2001) measures whether, and how often, participants engage in any of 16 predetermined acts of DSH.”
BackgroundInfluentialErchull, M. J., Liss, M., & Lichiello, S. (2013) · Sex Roles · doi:10.1007/s11199-013-0326-8 · Cited by 39
Family Dynamics and Self‐Injury Behaviors: A Correlation Analysis
Halstead, R. O., Pavkov, T. W., Hecker, L. L., & Seliner, M. M. (2012) · Journal of Marital and Family Therapy · doi:10.1111/j.1752-0606.2012.00336.x · Cited by 39
Self‐harm, substance use and psychological distress in the A ustralian general population
Moller, C. I., Tait, R. J., & Byrne, D. G. (2012) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.04021.x · Cited by 39
Gratz, K. L., Chapman, A. L., Dixon–Gordon, K. L., & Tull, M. T. (2015) · Personality Disorders Theory Research and Treatment · doi:10.1037/per0000138 · Cited by 39
“Deliberate self-harm (DSH; also referred to as nonsuicidal selfinjury), defined as the deliberate, direct, self-inflicted destruction of body tissue without suicidal intent and for purposes not socially sanctioned (Chapman, Gratz, & Brown, 2006; Gratz, 2001), is a clinically important behavior commonly associated with…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationFeatures of Psychopathology in Self-Injuring Female College Students
Kerr, P. L., & Muehlenkamp, J. J. (2010) · Journal of Mental Health Counseling · doi:10.17744/mehc.32.4.r805820715t6124q · Cited by 39
Self-injurious behavior: A clinical appraisal
Rao, K. N., Sudarshan, C., & Begum, S. (2008) · Indian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.4103/0019-5545.44754 · Cited by 38
Weiss, N. H., Dixon–Gordon, K. L., Duke, A. A., & Sullivan, T. P. (2014) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2014.05.018 · Cited by 41
“Deliberate self-harm (DSH), defined here as the deliberate, direct destruction of body tissue without conscious suicidal intent [1–3], is a serious and preventable public health concern associated with a range of deleterious outcomes [4,5].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialExpressed Emotion, Shame, and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury
Hack, J., & Martin, G. (2018) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph15050890 · Cited by 42
“8% of participants engaging in NSSI, prevalence rates were similar to some prior research [67], but higher than the majority of previous studies.”
ResultBaer, M. M., Tull, M. T., Forbes, C. N., Richmond, J. R., & Gratz, K. L. (2019) · Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior · doi:10.1111/sltb.12596 · Cited by 38
“…self-injury (NSSI) is the deliberate, self-inflicted, destruction of body tissue without suicidal intent and for purposes not socially sanctioned (also referred to as deliberate self-harm; Gratz, 2001; International Society for the Study of Self-Injury [ISSS], 2018).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationNonsuicidal self-injury in a community sample of older children and adolescents of Mexico City.
Albores‐Gallo, L., Méndez-Santos, J. L., Luna, A. X.-G., Delgadillo-González, Y., Chávez-Flores, C. I., & Martínez, O. L. (2014) · PubMed · Cited by 38
Psychosocial interventions for survivors of rape and sexual assault experienced during adulthood
O'Doherty, L., Whelan, M., Carter, G. J., Brown, K., Tarzia, L., Hegarty, K., Feder, G., & Brown, S. J. (2023) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd013456.pub2 · Cited by 37
Classifying nonsuicidal overdoses: Nonsuicidal self-injury, suicide attempts, or neither?
Fox, K. R., Millner, A. J., & Franklin, J. C. (2016) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.07.052 · Cited by 43
“Similarly, popular definitions of NSSI require that the behaviors result in direct tissue damage (e.g., American Psychological Association, 2013; Gratz, 2001; Nock and Favazza, 2009).”
BackgroundPathological Narcissism and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury
Dawood, S., Schroder, H. S., Donnellan, M. B., & Pincus, A. L. (2017) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi_2017_31_291 · Cited by 42
Kim, S., Kim, Y., & Hur, J. (2019) · Psychiatry Investigation · doi:10.30773/pi.2019.01.23 · Cited by 39
Wu, R., Huang, J., Ying, J., Gao, Q., Guo, J., & You, J. (2021) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2021.110718 · Cited by 44
Zhao, H., Gong, X., Huebner, E. S., Yang, X., & Zhou, J. (2021) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.11.070 · Cited by 38
Taylor, J., Peterson, C. M., & Fischer, S. F. (2012) · Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior · doi:10.1111/j.1943-278x.2012.00115.x · Cited by 40
“The Deliberate Self-Harm Questionnaire-Short Form (DSHQ; Gratz, 2001) is a 15-question survey that asks for about a range of nonsuicidal self-injurious behaviors.”
BackgroundThe Relationship Between Nonsuicidal Self‐Injury and Suicidal Ideation
Wester, K. L., Ivers, N., Villalba, J. A., Trepal, H. C., & Henson, R. (2016) · Journal of Counseling & Development · doi:10.1002/jcad.12057 · Cited by 36
“…the original DSHI were found to have adequate reliability estimates (Cronbach's α = .82; test–retest reliability, r = .92), and the evidence of the relationship to other variables was measured through convergent evidence with other self‐harm measures (r ranged between .35 and .49; Gratz, 2001).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialExplanatory Style as a Mediator Between Childhood Emotional Abuse and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury
Buser, T. J., & Hackney, H. L. (2012) · Journal of Mental Health Counseling · doi:10.17744/mehc.34.2.j714850564663545 · Cited by 36
Cullen, K. R., Schreiner, M. W., Klimes-Dougan, B., Eberly, L. E., LaRiviere, L. L., Lim, K. O., Camchong, J., & Mueller, B. A. (2020) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2019.109778 · Cited by 34
“…of Statements About Self-Injury - Lifetime version (ISAS-LV)(Glenn & Klonsky, 2011); after reviewing the results, the research clinician administered the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory (DSHI) interview (Gratz, 2001), with a focus on the type of self-harm that had been endorsed in the ISAS-LV.”
MethodGratz, K. L., Spitzen, T. L., & Tull, M. T. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.22950 · Cited by 36
“Measurement of deliberate self-harm: Preliminary data on the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationRelationships among self-esteem, depression and self-injury in adolescents: a longitudinal study
Lei, H., Xiong, J., Rao, Y., Zhu, T., & Zhang, X. (2024) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1406283 · Cited by 42
“Common methods of harm include cutting, burning, biting hands, and pulling hair (1).”
BackgroundWhite Matter Microstructure in Adolescents and Young Adults With Non-Suicidal Self-Injury
Schreiner, M. W., Mueller, B. A., Klimes‐Dougan, B., Begnel, E. D., Fiecas, M. J. A., Hill, D. C., Lim, K. O., & Cullen, K. R. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.01019 · Cited by 35
“Non-Suicidal Self-Injury We assessed for NSSI using the self-report Inventory of Statements About Self-Injury [ISAS; (28)] and the clinicianadministered Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory [DSHI; (29)].”
MethodLiang, K., Zhao, L., Lei, Y., Zou, K., Ji, S., Wang, R., & Huang, X. (2022) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2022.152311 · Cited by 44
Non-suicidal self-injury and frequency of suicide attempts: The role of pain persistence
Law, K. C., Khazem, L. R., Jin, H. M., & Anestis, M. D. (2016) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2016.11.028 · Cited by 34
Wang, Q., Zhang, Y., & Liu, X. (2020) · Journal of Social and Personal Relationships · doi:10.1177/0265407520974754 · Cited by 36
“We used a shortened and modified version of the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory (DSHI)—which was developed and validated by Gratz (2001) and adapted for use with adolescents by Lundh et al. (2007)—to assess NSSI severity.”
MethodMarshall, S. K., Faaborg-Andersen, P., Tilton‐Weaver, L. C., & Stattin, H. (2013) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.06.009 · Cited by 34
Child Maltreatment and Deliberate Self-Harm
Arens, A. M., Gaher, R. M., Simons, J. S., & Dvorak, R. D. (2014) · Child Maltreatment · doi:10.1177/1077559514548315 · Cited by 34
“For negative binomial hurdle (NBH) model analysis, total frequency was calculated by summing the frequency of acts for each item (Gratz, 2001).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialCheng, H., Mallinckrodt, B. S., Soet, J. E., & Sevig, T. D. (2010) · Journal of Counseling Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0018206 · Cited by 33
“Gratz el al. (2002) found that sexual abuse was significant in predicting NSSI for women but not for men after controlling for the effects of other hypothesized self-injury risk factors.”
BackgroundAnestis, M. D., Tull, M. T., Lavender, J. M., & Gratz, K. L. (2014) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2014.03.031 · Cited by 33
“The DSHI has been found to have adequate test–retest reliability and construct, discriminant, and convergent validity among diverse samples (Gratz, 2001; Fliege et al., 2006), including SUD patients (Gratz and Tull, 2010).”
BackgroundSelf-citationNon-Suicidal Self-Injury among Adolescents in Amman, Jordan
Hanania, J. W., Heath, N. L., Emery, A. A., Toste, J. R., & Daoud, F. A. (2014) · Archives of Suicide Research · doi:10.1080/13811118.2014.915778 · Cited by 33
“, De Leo & Heller, 2004; Gratz, 2001; Hawton, Fagg, Simkin et al., 2000; Hawton, Harriss, Hall et al., 2003). As these behaviors have a high degree of overlap with suicidality, caution must be used when interpreting the literature on self-harm and relating these findings to NSSI, particularly within an international c…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialLöf, J., Clinton, D., Kaldo, V., & Rydén, G. (2018) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-018-1699-6 · Cited by 29
“This could be explained by the fact that for older patients DSHI-9 scores were close to zero at 12 months, i.e. a floor effect (M = .25, SD = .50).”
MethodInfluentialHagan, C. R., Rogers, M. L., Brausch, A. M., Muehlenkamp, J. J., & Joiner, T. E. (2019) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291718003872 · Cited by 35
What is the relationship between dissociation and self‐harming behaviour in adolescents?
Černis, E., Chan, C., & Cooper, M. J. (2019) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.2354 · Cited by 33
Sleep irregularity and nonsuicidal self-injurious urges and behaviors
Burke, T. A., Hamilton, J. L., Seigel, D., Kautz, M. M., Liu, R. T., Alloy, L. B., & Barker, D. (2022) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/zsac084 · Cited by 37
Clinical and neuropsychological aspects of non-fatal self-harm in schizophrenia
Pluck, G. C., Lekka, N. P., Sarkar, S., Lee, K. H., Bath, P. A., Sharif, O., & Woodruff, P. W. R. (2012) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2012.08.003 · Cited by 34
“Individual past history of self-harm was recorded with the Deliberate Self-harm Inventory, a schedule that records a range of common self-harmful behaviours that the individual does not class as suicidal [16].”
MethodAnderson, N. L., Smith, K. E., Mason, T. B., & Crowther, J. H. (2017) · Archives of Suicide Research · doi:10.1080/13811118.2017.1340854 · Cited by 39
“491-498 Gratz, K. L. (2001). Measurement of deliberate selfharm: Preliminary data on the deliberate self-harm”
BackgroundInfluentialLurigio, A. J., Nesi, D., & Meyers, S. M. (2023) · Social Work in Mental Health · doi:10.1080/15332985.2023.2264434 · Cited by 32
“While completing the DSHI, respondents indicate whether they have engaged in 15 types of deliberate self-injury by answering questions such as “Have you ever intentionally (i.e., on purpose) burned yourself with a cigarette?” and “Have you ever intentionally (i.e., on purpose) carved words into your skin?””
BackgroundMethodInfluentialHorváth, L. O., Balint, M., Dallos, G., Farkas, L., Gádoros, J., Győri, D., Keresztény, Á., Mészáros, G., Szentiványi, D., Velõ, S., et al. (2018) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph15061068 · Cited by 32
“The 6-item version comprises the same facets on frequency, severity, and duration of D-SIB; but D-SIB acts were combined and reduced to assess self-injurious behaviors to the body surface only [6,34].”
BackgroundMethodNagy, L. M., Shanahan, M. L., & Baer, R. A. (2021) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2021.103819 · Cited by 35
Liu, J., Liu, X., Wang, H., & Gao, Y. (2021) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health · doi:10.1186/s13034-021-00423-0 · Cited by 32
“Non‑suicidal self‑injury At T1, T2 and T3, Non-suicidal self-injury was measured using a shortened and modified version of the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory (DSHI), which was developed and validated by Gratz [46].”
MethodInfluentialTang, W.-C., Lin, M., Wu, J. Y., Lee, Y., & You, J. (2022) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health · doi:10.1186/s13034-022-00477-8 · Cited by 40
“The NSSI inventory consists of 12 different methods of NSSI which were selected from the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory [61].”
MethodLiang, Y., Chen, J., Xiong, Y., Wang, Q., & Ren, P. (2023) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/s10964-023-01779-6 · Cited by 34
“Adolescents’ NSSI was assessed using a shortened and modified version of the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory constructed and validated by Gratz (2001) and adapted by Lundh et al. (2007).”
MethodTrepal, H., & Wester, K. L. (2007) · Journal of Mental Health Counseling · doi:10.17744/mehc.29.4.d277t298667q5367 · Cited by 32
“A possible reason for the focus on SIB is the increasing prevalence across various settings, including inpatient units, outpatient settings, colleges and universities, and the general public (e.g., Briere & Gil, 1998; Gratz, 2001; Hawton et al., 1997).”
BackgroundLindholm, T., Bjärehed, J., & Lundh, L. (2011) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2011.565791 · Cited by 32
“Previously, as pointed out by Gratz (2001), research and clinical practices focusing on NSSI have been hampered by the lack of reliable instruments to measure NSSI.”
BackgroundThe Role of Sensation Seeking in Non-Suicidal Self-Injury
Knorr, A. C., Jenkins, A. L., & Conner, B. T. (2013) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-013-9554-z · Cited by 32
“Gratz (2001) found that approximately 83 % of self-injuring individuals engage in more than one incident of NSSI.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialKrysinska, K. E., Batterham, P. J., & Christensen, H. M. (2016) · Archives of Suicide Research · doi:10.1080/13811118.2016.1162246 · Cited by 33
Walker, T., Shaw, J. J., Turpin, C., Reid, C., & Abel, K. M. (2017) · Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology · doi:10.1080/14789949.2017.1301529 · Cited by 32
“This measure was developed by the researchers to capture types of self-harm events (e.g. ligaturing) which were not covered by the DSHI.”
MethodInfluentialSelf-Focused Attention Reduces Self-Injurious Behavior in Alcohol-Intoxicated Men
Berman, M. E., Bradley, T. P., Fanning, J. R., & McCloskey, M. S. (2009) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.1080/10826080902961328 · Cited by 30
“E-mail: Mitchell.Berman@usm.edu 1280 (e.g., self-cutting; Briere and Gil, 1998; Eaton et al., 2006; Gratz, 2001).”
The role of executive attention in deliberate self-harm
Dixon–Gordon, K. L., Gratz, K. L., McDermott, M. J., & Tull, M. T. (2014) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2014.03.035 · Cited by 31
“…decade has heralded an increase in research examining the factors contributing to deliberate self-harm (DSH; also referred to as non-suicidal self-injury), defined here as the deliberate, direct destruction of body tissue without conscious suicidal intent (see Gratz, 2001; Klonsky et al., 2003).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationShek, D. T. L., & Leung, H. (2013) · Frontiers in Pediatrics · doi:10.3389/fped.2013.00018 · Cited by 31
The Association Between Masculinity and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury
Green, J. D., Kearns, J. C., Ledoux, A. M., Addis, M. E., & Marx, B. P. (2015) · American Journal of Men s Health · doi:10.1177/1557988315624508 · Cited by 38
“The DSHI (Gratz, 2001) is a 17-item self-report questionnaire designed to measure deliberate self-harm behavior that occurs without suicidal intent.”
BackgroundInfluentialJiang, Y., Ren, Y., Liang, Q., & You, J. (2018) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2018.07.010 · Cited by 33
Addiction to Self-harm? The Case of Online Postings on Self-harm Message Boards
Davis, S. M., & Lewis, C. A. (2018) · International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction · doi:10.1007/s11469-018-9975-8 · Cited by 35
“…prevalent in much of the literature about self-harm (Daine et al. 2013; Klonsky 2007; Rayner and Warner 2003); self-harming behaviour is characterised as being a maladaptive coping mechanism or emotion regulation strategy (Adler and Adler 2007; Favazza 1998; Gratz 2001; Haines and Williams 1997).”
BackgroundGratz, K. L., Richmond, J. R., Dixon–Gordon, K. L., Chapman, A. L., & Tull, M. T. (2019) · Personality Disorders Theory Research and Treatment · doi:10.1037/per0000334 · Cited by 32
Self-citationNon-suicidal self-injury and bulimia: the role of emotion dysregulation and body dissatisfaction
Hovrud, L., Simons, R. M., Simons, J. S., & Korkow, J. (2019) · Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia Bulimia and Obesity · doi:10.1007/s40519-019-00741-5 · Cited by 31
Andersson, R., Åhlén, J., Mataix‐Cols, D., Lenhard, F., Henje, E., Månsson, C., Sahlin, H., Beckman, M., Serlachius, E., & Vigerland, S. (2022) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066357 · Cited by 34
“…for medication, number of visits, type of psychological or psychosocial treatment and number of sessions, and number of sessions of other potential interventions were collected from each participant’s official medical records and by interviewing the families after the 3-month follow-up assessment.”
MethodJaquier, V., Hellmuth, J. C., & Sullivan, T. P. (2012) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2012.09.020 · Cited by 36
“Deliberate self-harm (DSH), whereby an individual deliberately causes tissue damage without suicidal intent (Gratz, 2001), is consistently and strongly associated with sexual victimization in both childhood (Gladstone et al.”
BackgroundInfluentialBullying Among South Korean Adolescents: Prevalence and Association With Psychological Adjustment
Yun, I., & Kim, S.-G. (2016) · Violence and Victims · doi:10.1891/0886-6708.vv-d-13-00138 · Cited by 31
“…as victims, is also linked to higher risk of psychological symptoms, including anxiety, depression, self-injurious behaviors, and suicidal tendencies, than those who have not been involved in bullying (Brunstein-Klomek et al., 2007; Gratz, 2001; Kaltiala-Heino et al., 1999; Nansel et al., 2001).”
BackgroundNijjar, R., Ellenbogen, M. A., & Hodgins, S. (2014) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2014.04.047 · Cited by 30
“Similar definitions of self-injury have been reliably used in the self-harm literature (Gratz, 2001; Yates, 2004).”
MethodVictor, S. E., Davis, T. S., & Klonsky, E. D. (2016) · Archives of Suicide Research · doi:10.1080/13811118.2016.1193078 · Cited by 30
“Second, the measure can be appended to any existing assessment tool that asks about NSSI behaviors; while we used the ISAS in these analyses, other well-validated NSSI tools, such as the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory (DSHI; Gratz, 2001), the Functional Assessment of ARCHIVES OF SUICIDE RESEARCH 275 Self-Mutilation (F…”
MethodInfluentialParents’ role in early adolescent self-injury: An application of self-determination theory.
Emery, A. A., Heath, N. L., & Rogers, M. (2017) · School Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.1037/spq0000204 · Cited by 40
Psychopathology is associated with reproductive health risk in European adolescents
Gambadauro, P., Carli, V., Wasserman, C., Hadlaczky, G., Sarchiapone, M., Apter, A., Balázs, J., Bobes, J., Brunner, R. M., Cosman, D. C. M., et al. (2018) · Reproductive Health · doi:10.1186/s12978-018-0618-0 · Cited by 30
Identification With the Aggressor and Inward and Outward Aggression in Abuse Survivors
Lahav, Y., Allende, S., Talmon, A., Ginzburg, K., & Spiegel, D. (2020) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/0886260520938516 · Cited by 32
“SIB was assessed by SHI (Gratz, 2001), a 17-item, behaviorally-based questionnaire that assesses various aspects of deliberate self-harm.”
MethodInfluentialClarifying the Definition of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury
Lengel, G. J., Ammerman, B. A., & Washburn, J. J. (2021) · Crisis · doi:10.1027/0227-5910/a000764 · Cited by 30
Lin, S., Li, Y., Sheng, J., Wang, L., Han, Y., Yang, X., Yu, C., & Chen, J. (2023) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2023.02.124 · Cited by 32
Nonsuicidal Self-Injury: Exploring the Connection Among Race, Ethnic Identity, and Ethnic Belonging
Wester, K. L., & Trepal, H. (2015) · Journal of college student development · doi:10.1353/csd.2015.0013 · Cited by 30
“…college populations self-injure at higher rates than does the general population, specifically with 7% (Murray, Wester, & Paladino, 2008) to 35% of college students self-injuring at some point in their life (Gratz, 2001) compared to 1% to 6% in the general population (e.g., Simeon & Favazza, 2001).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialThe unidirectional relationship of nightmares on self-harmful thoughts and behaviors.
Hochard, K. D., Heym, N., & Townsend, E. (2015) · Dreaming · doi:10.1037/a0038617 · Cited by 34
Metadata
- Authors
- Gratz, K. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Massachusetts Boston (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gratz, Kim L.
- ORCID
- Gratz, Kim L.
- Venue
- Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment
- Published
- 2001-12
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 253-263
- ISSN
- 0164-0305 (ISSN-L)
- 0882-2689
- 1573-3505
- OpenAlex
- W2167019091
- Cited by
- 1,166
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 64 · 2025: 86 · 2024: 72 · 2023: 63 · 2022: 62 · 2021: 67 · 2020: 68 · 2019: 56 · 2018: 51 · 2017: 68 · 2016: 59 · 2015: 51 · 2014: 79 · 2013: 61 · 2012: 76
- FWCI
- 2.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse
- Keywords
- self-harm, psychometric validation, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, construct validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
