Abdominal Wall Endometriomas
Abstract
Endometriosis is a condition in which uterine mucosal tissue is located outside the uterus. Endometriosis may be pelvic or extrapelvic. The term endometrioma is used when endometriosis appears as a circumscribed mass. Abdominal wall endometriomas are usually a secondary process in scars after surgical procedures. A retrospective study of abdominal wall endometrioma, from March 1992 through April 1999 at our institution was done. The mean age of the patients was 28.4 years. Twelve of these reported cases were secondary to previous surgery. One patient presented primarily with an abdominal wall mass without previous surgical history. The most common presentation was an abdominal wall mass associated with pain during the menstrual cycle. Endometrioma was considered as a differential diagnosis in seven patients. All patients underwent surgery. Along with the literature review on endometrioma, the importance of considering it in the differential diagnosis for patients of child-bearing age is discussed.
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CT should not be used for the detection of AWE because of its lack of contrast resolution and its radiation exposure.
“CT should not be used for the detection of AWE, because of its lack of contrast resolution and its radiation exposure [13].”
From Appearance of abdominal wall endometriosis on MR imaging (2010) · cites this paper as [13]
Histological confirmation of endometrioma is based on detecting at least two of three features: endometrial stroma, endometrial-like glands, and hemosiderin pigment.
“Histological confirmation of endometrioma is based on detecting at least two of the three following features: endometrial stroma, endometrial like glands and hemosiderin pigment [10].”
From 5-Year data analysis of patients following abdominal wall endometrioma surgery (2014) · cites this paper as [10]
AWE is considered very rare, with an overall prevalence of around 0.01-1% after caesarean section.
“AWE is considered very rare with the overall prevalence of around 0.01–1% after caesarean section [10].”
From 5-Year data analysis of patients following abdominal wall endometrioma surgery (2014) · cites this paper as [10]
The transport theory explains that direct inoculation or transport of endometrial tissue into surgical scars or adjacent tissues during surgery is responsible for AWE.
“The transport theory explains that direct inoculation or transport of the endometrial tissue into the surgical scars or adjacent tissues during the surgery is responsible for AWE.”
From 5-Year data analysis of patients following abdominal wall endometrioma surgery (2014) · cites this paper as [10]
In metaplasia theory, primitive pleuropotential mesenchymal cells that have undergone differentiation metaplasia are said to cause AWE.
“In metaplasia theory, primitive pleuropotential mesenchymal cells that have gone under differentiation metaplasia are said to cause AWE.”
From 5-Year data analysis of patients following abdominal wall endometrioma surgery (2014) · cites this paper as [10]
The frequency of AWE has been estimated to be 0.04%-5.5%.
“The frequency of AWE has been estimated to be 0.04%‐5.5%.”
From Extra-pelvic endometriosis: a review. (2020) · cites this paper as [12]
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- Authors
- Dwivedi, A. J., Agrawal, S. N., & Silva, Y. J.
- Affiliations
- Trinity Health Oakland Hospital (US)
- Wayne State University (US)
- Venue
- Digestive Diseases and Sciences
- Published
- 2002-02
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 456-461
- ISSN
- 0163-2116 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-2568
- OpenAlex
- W1537477050
- Cited by
- 120
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 5.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Digestive Diseases and Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Endometriosis Research and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gynecological conditions and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Teratomas and Epidermoid Cysts
- Keywords
- endometriosis, abdominal wall mass, postoperative scarring, differential diagnosis, dysmenorrhea, surgical excision, women of reproductive age
- MeSH terms
- Abdominal Muscles, Adult, Diagnosis, Differential, Endometriosis, Female, Humans, Radiography, Retrospective Studies, Ultrasonography
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