Purkinje Cell Size Is Reduced in Cerebellum of Patients with Autism
Open accessAbstract
1. The authors' goal was to compare the size and density of Purkinje cells in the cerebellum of subjects with and without autism. Blocks of cerebellum were dissected at autopsy from the brains of age, sex- and postmortem-intervaled (PMI) groups of autistic and normal control individuals (N = 5 per group). Frozen, unfixed blocks were sectioned and stained with 1% cresyl violet. 2. The linear, molecular, granular densities and cross-sectional area of Purkinje cells were measured using computer-assisted image analysis. The average cross-sectional areas of Purkinje cells of the patients with autism were smaller by 24% when compared to the normal subjects. Two of the five autistic subjects had mean Purkinje cell sizes that corresponded to greater than 50% reduction in size. There was a substantial effect size difference in Purkinje cell size (eta2 = 0.29) between control and autistic brains (F(1, 8) = 3.32, P = 0.106). No differences in Purkinje cell densities were observed between the two groups 3. These data indicate the possibility of Purkinje cell atrophy in autism with significant neurohistological heterogeneity among individuals diagnosed with this disorder.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Reductions in the size and number of Purkinje cells in the cerebellar vermis in autism remain unresolved because of a lack of stereological reports.
“Reductions in size and number of Purkinje cells in cerebellar vermis in autism remain unresolved due to lack of stereological reports [311];”
From Consensus Paper: Pathological Role of the Cerebellum in Autism (2012) · cites this paper as [311]
The mean size of Purkinje cells in subjects with ASD is significantly smaller than in controls.
“The mean size of Purkinje cells in subjects with ASD is significantly smaller compared to controls [108, 380].”
From Autism spectrum disorder: neuropathology and animal models (2017) · cites this paper as [108]
Cites
Cerebellar Cortex: Cytology and Organization
Palay, S. L., & Chan‐Palay, V. (1974) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,679 · see citing works
Palay, S. L., & Chan‐Palay, V. (1974) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-65581-4 · Cited by 1,527 · see citing works
Fatemi, S. H., Emamian, E. S., Kist, D. A., Sidwell, R. W., Nakajima, K., Akhter, P., Shier, A. C., Sheikh, S. A., & Bailey, K. W. (1999) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4000520 · Cited by 259 · see citing works
Self-citationBauman, M. L. (2006) · Johns Hopkins University Press eBooks · doi:10.1353/book.3225 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Reduced Purkinje Cell Size in the Cerebellar Vermis of Elderly Patients With Schizophrenia
Tran, K. D., Smutzer, G., Doty, R. L., & Arnold, S. E. (1998) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.155.9.1288 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
CEREBELLAR VERMIS IN SCHIZOPHRENIA
Reyes, M. G., & Gordon, A. (1981) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(81)91039-4 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Control of mental activities by internal models in the cerebellum
Ito, M. (2008) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2332 · Cited by 1,356 · see citing works
Consensus Paper: Pathological Role of the Cerebellum in Autism
Fatemi, S. H., Aldinger, K. A., Ashwood, P., Bauman, M. L., Blaha, C. D., Blatt, G. J., Chauhan, A., Chauhan, V., Dager, S. R., Dickson, P. E., et al. (2012) · The Cerebellum · doi:10.1007/s12311-012-0355-9 · Cited by 723 · see citing works
Self-citationBrain growth across the life span in autism: Age-specific changes in anatomical pathology
Courchesne, E., Campbell, K., & Solso, S. (2011) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2010.09.101 · Cited by 711 · see citing works
Autism spectrum disorder: neuropathology and animal models
Varghese, M., Keshav, N., Jacot-Descombes, S., Warda, T., Wicinski, B., Dickstein, D. L., Harony-Nicolas, H., De Rubeis, S., Drapeau, E., Buxbaum, J. D., et al. (2017) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-017-1736-4 · Cited by 536 · see citing works
Neuropathological findings in autism
Palmen, S. J. M. C. (2004) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awh287 · Cited by 527 · see citing works
GABAA Receptor Downregulation in Brains of Subjects with Autism
Fatemi, S. H., Reutiman, T. J., Folsom, T. D., & Thuras, P. D. (2009) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-008-0646-7 · Cited by 439 · see citing works
Self-citationThe developmental neurobiology of autism spectrum disorder
DiCicco-Bloom, E., Lord, C., Zwaigenbaum, L., Courchesne, E., Dager, S. R., Schmitz, C., Schultz, R. T., Crawley, J., & Young, L. J. (2006) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1712-06.2006 · Cited by 434 · see citing works
Cerebro-cerebellar circuits in autism spectrum disorder
D’Mello, A. M., & Stoodley, C. J. (2015) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2015.00408 · Cited by 406 · see citing works
Developmental dyspraxia is not limited to imitation in children with autism spectrum disorders
Mostofsky, S. H., Dubey, P., Jerath, V., Jansiewicz, E. M., Goldberg, M. C., & DENCKLA, M. B. (2006) · Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society · doi:10.1017/s1355617706060437 · Cited by 341 · see citing works
Hashemi, E., Ariza, J., Rogers, H., Noctor, S. C., & Martínez-Cerdeño, V. (2016) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhw021 · Cited by 322 · see citing works
Decreased GAD67 mRNA levels in cerebellar Purkinje cells in autism: pathophysiological implications
Yip, J., Soghomonian, J.-J., & Blatt, G. J. (2007) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-006-0176-3 · Cited by 303 · see citing works
Cerebellar gray matter and lobular volumes correlate with core autism symptoms
D'Mello, A. M., Crocetti, D., Mostofsky, S. H., & Stoodley, C. J. (2015) · NeuroImage: Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2015.02.007 · Cited by 281 · see citing works
A New Neurobehavioral Model of Autism in Mice: Pre- and Postnatal Exposure to Sodium Valproate
Wagner, G. C., Reuhl, K. R., Cheh, M. A., McRae, P. A., & Halladay, A. K. (2006) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-006-0117-y · Cited by 278 · see citing works
Autism spectrum disorder and the cerebellum.
Becker, E. B. E., & Stoodley, C. J. (2013) · International review of neurobiology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-418700-9.00001-0 · Cited by 248 · see citing works
Whitney, E. R., Kemper, T. L., Bauman, M. L., Rosene, D. L., & Blatt, G. J. (2008) · The Cerebellum · doi:10.1007/s12311-008-0043-y · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Gaetz, W., Bloy, L., Wang, D. J., Port, R. G., Blaskey, L., Levy, S. E., & Roberts, T. P. L. (2014) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.05.068 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
Can zebrafish be used as a model to study the neurodevelopmental causes of autism?
Tropepe, V., & Sive, H. L. (2003) · Genes Brain & Behavior · doi:10.1034/j.1601-183x.2003.00038.x · Cited by 257 · see citing works
Seitzman, B. A., Gratton, C., Marek, S. A., Raut, R. V., Dosenbach, N. U. F., Schlaggar, B. L., Petersen, S. E., & Greene, D. J. (2019) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116290 · Cited by 255 · see citing works
The Role of Epigenetic Change in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Loke, Y. J., Hannan, A. J., & Craig, J. M. (2015) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2015.00107 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
Autism spectrum disorders and neuropathology of the cerebellum
Hampson, D. R., & Blatt, G. J. (2015) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2015.00420 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
Patterned Purkinje cell death in the cerebellum
Sarna, J. R., & Hawkes, R. B. (2003) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0301-0082(03)00114-x · Cited by 242 · see citing works
Development of the cerebellum: simple steps to make a ‘little brain’
Butts, T., Green, M. J., & Wingate, R. J. T. (2014) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.106559 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
The ups and downs of Wnt signaling in prevalent neurological disorders
Ferrari, G. V. D., & Moon, R. T. (2006) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1210064 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Casanova, M. F. (2007) · Brain Pathology · doi:10.1111/j.1750-3639.2007.00100.x · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Allen, G., Müller, R., & Courchesne, E. (2004) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.06.005 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
Bases and implications of learning in the cerebellum — adaptive control and internal model mechanism
Ito, M. (2005) · Progress in brain research · doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(04)48009-1 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Garay, P. (2010) · Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsyn.2010.00136 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Khan, A. J., Nair, A., Keown, C. L., Datko, M., Lincoln, A. J., & Müller, R. (2015) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.03.024 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Reith, R. M., McKenna, J., Wu, H. C., Hashmi, S. S., Cho, S., Dash, P. K., & Gambello, M. J. (2012) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2012.10.014 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Conversational gestures in autism spectrum disorders: Asynchrony but not decreased frequency
de Marchena, A. B., & Eigsti, I. (2010) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.159 · Cited by 190 · see citing works
Cauda, F., Geda, E., Sacco, K., D’Agata, F., Duca, S., Geminiani, G. C., & Keller, R. (2011) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.2010.239111 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Steadman, P. E., Ellegood, J., Szulc, K. U., Turnbull, D. H., Joyner, A. L., Henkelman, R. M., & Lerch, J. P. (2013) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.1344 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Selective attention and perceptual load in autism spectrum disorder
Remington, A. (2010) · UCL Discovery (University College London) · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Alterations in GABAergic Biomarkers in the Autism Brain: Research Findings and Clinical Implications
Blatt, G. J., & Fatemi, S. H. (2011) · The Anatomical Record · doi:10.1002/ar.21252 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
Self-citationRegional Alterations in Purkinje Cell Density in Patients with Autism
Skefos, J., Cummings, C., Enzer, K. G., Holiday, J., Weed, K., Levy, E., Yuce, T. K., Kemper, T. L., & Bauman, M. L. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0081255 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Verhoeven, J. S., Cock, P. D., Lagae, L. G., & Sunaert, S. G. (2009) · Neuroradiology · doi:10.1007/s00234-009-0583-y · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Tipping the balance of autism risk: potential mechanisms linking pesticides and autism
Shelton, J. F., Hertz-Picciotto, I., & Pessah, I. N. (2012) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.1104553 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Development of the cerebellum and cerebellar neural circuits
Hibi, M., & Shimizu, T. (2011) · Developmental Neurobiology · doi:10.1002/dneu.20875 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Investigation of autism and GABA receptor subunit genes in multiple ethnic groups
Collins, A. L., Ma, D., Whitehead, P. L., Martin, E. R., Wright, H. H., Abramson, R. K., Hussman, J. P., Haines, J. L., Cuccaro, M. L., Gilbert, J. R., et al. (2006) · Neurogenetics · doi:10.1007/s10048-006-0045-1 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Roles of mTOR Signaling in Brain Development
Lee, D. Y. (2015) · Experimental Neurobiology · doi:10.5607/en.2015.24.3.177 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Aberrant functioning of the theory-of-mind network in children and adolescents with autism
Kana, R. K., Maximo, J. O., Williams, D. L., Keller, T. A., Schipul, S. E., Cherkassky, V. L., Minshew, N. J., & Just, M. A. (2015) · Molecular Autism · doi:10.1186/s13229-015-0052-x · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Fetit, R., Hillary, R. F., Price, D. J., & Lawrie, S. M. (2021) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.07.014 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Węgiel, J., Flory, M. J., Kuchna, I., Nowicki, K., Ma, S. Y., Imaki, H., Wegiel, J., Cohen, I. L., London, E., Wısnıewskı, T., et al. (2014) · Acta Neuropathologica Communications · doi:10.1186/s40478-014-0141-7 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Mosconi, M. W., Mohanty, S., Greene, R. K., Cook, E., Vaillancourt, D., & Sweeney, J. (2015) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2731-14.2015 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Cerebellar associative sensory learning defects in five mouse autism models
Kloth, A. D., Badura, A., Li, A., Cherskov, A., Connolly, S. G., Giovannucci, A., Bangash, M. A., Grasselli, G., Peñagarikano, O., Piochon, C., et al. (2015) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.06085 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Whitney, E. R., Kemper, T. L., Rosene, D. L., Bauman, M. L., & Blatt, G. J. (2009) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.22056 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Neural dynamics of autistic behaviors: Cognitive, emotional, and timing substrates.
Grossberg, S., & Seidman, D. (2006) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.113.3.483 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Schulz, G. V., Weitkamp, T., Zanette, I., Pfeiffer, F., Beckmann, F., Dávid, C., Rutishauser, S., Reznikova, E. F., & Müller, B. (2010) · Journal of The Royal Society Interface · doi:10.1098/rsif.2010.0281 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Early developmental alterations in GABAergic protein expression in fragile X knockout mice
Adusei, D. C., Pacey, L. K. K., Chen, D., & Hampson, D. R. (2010) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2010.05.002 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Immune-Glutamatergic Dysfunction as a Central Mechanism of the Autism Spectrum Disorders
Blaylock, R. L., & Strunecká, A. (2008) · Current Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.2174/092986709787002745 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Hoppenbrouwers, S. S., Schutter, D. J. L. G., Fitzgerald, P. B., Chen, R. E., & Daskalakis, Z. J. (2008) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2008.07.005 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Materna, S., Dicke, P. W., & Thier, P. (2007) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.2008.20.1.108 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Levels of Bcl-2 and P53 Are Altered in Superior Frontal and Cerebellar Cortices of Autistic Subjects
Araghi‐Niknam, M., & Fatemi, S. H. (2003) · Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1023/b:cemn.0000005322.27203.73 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Self-citationAcquisition of internal models of motor tasks in children with autism
Larson, J. C. G., Bastian, A. J., Donchin, O., Shadmehr, R., & Mostofsky, S. H. (2008) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awn226 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Reaching and Grasping in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Review of Recent Literature
Sacrey, L.-A. R., Germani, T., Bryson, S. E., & Zwaigenbaum, L. (2014) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2014.00006 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
How children with autism look at events
von Hofsten, C., Söderström, H., Adell, M., & Kochukhova, O. (2009) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2008.12.003 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Yang, M. S., & Gill, M. (2006) · International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2006.12.002 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Evidence that the pattern of visuomotor sequence learning is altered in children with autism
Larson, J. C. G., & Mostofsky, S. H. (2008) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.54 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
The Neurobiology of Lipid Metabolism in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Tamiji, J., & Crawford, D. A. (2010) · Neurosignals · doi:10.1159/000323189 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
The Neurobiological Context of Autism
Keller, F., & Persico, A. M. (2003) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1385/mn:28:1:1 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
The role of cerebellar circuitry alterations in the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorders
Mosconi, M. W., Wang, Z., Schmitt, L. M., Tsai, P., & Sweeney, J. A. (2015) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2015.00296 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Johnson, B. P., Lum, J. A. G., Rinehart, N., & Fielding, J. (2016) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.08.007 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Is autism due to brain desynchronization?
Welsh, J. P., Ahn, E. S., & Placantonakis, D. G. (2005) · International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2004.09.002 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
VPA-induced apoptosis and behavioral deficits in neonatal mice
Yochum, C. L., Dowling, P. C., Reuhl, K. R., Wagner, G. C., & Ming, X. (2008) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2008.01.055 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Hutsler, J. J., Love, T., & Zhang, H. (2006) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.01.015 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
The Cerebellar Involvement in Autism Spectrum Disorders: From the Social Brain to Mouse Models
Mapelli, L., Soda, T., D'Angelo, E. U., & Prestori, F. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23073894 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Maloku, E., Covelo, I. R., Hanbauer, I., Guidotti, A., Kadriu, B., Hu, Q., Davis, J. M., & Costa, E. (2010) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0914483107 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Congenital hypoplasia of the cerebellum: developmental causes and behavioral consequences
Basson, M. A., & Wingate, R. J. T. (2013) · Frontiers in Neuroanatomy · doi:10.3389/fnana.2013.00029 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Magnesium sulfate reduces inflammation-associated brain injury in fetal mice
Burd, I. D., Breen, K. E., Friedman, A., Chai, J., & Elovitz, M. A. (2010) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2010.01.022 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Sivaswamy, L., Kumar, A., Rajan, D. S., Behen, M. E., Muzik, O., Chugani, D. C., & Chugani, H. T. (2010) · Journal of Child Neurology · doi:10.1177/0883073809358765 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Bridging the gap between MRI and postmortem research in autism
Schumann, C. M., & Nordahl, C. W. (2010) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2010.09.061 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Liu, J., Li, Y., Zhang, W., Xiao, Y., Liu, L., Gao, X., Shah, C., Li, S., Bo, T., Gong, Q., et al. (2017) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-017-0964-4 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Cognitive and social cognitive functioning in spinocerebellar ataxia
Garrard, P., Martin, N. H., Giunti, P., & Lisa Cipolotti, A. (2008) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-008-0680-6 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Cerebellar involvement in autism and ADHD
Bruchhage, M. M. K., Bucci, M. P., & Becker, E. B. E. (2018) · Handbook of clinical neurology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-64189-2.00004-4 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Neural Mechanisms Underlying Repetitive Behaviors in Rodent Models of Autism Spectrum Disorders
Gandhi, T., & Lee, C. C. (2021) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2020.592710 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Moradi, E., Khundrakpam, B. S., Lewis, J. D., Evans, A. C., & Tohka, J. (2016) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.09.049 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
DeRamus, T. P., & Kana, R. K. (2014) · NeuroImage Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2014.11.004 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Riva, D., Annunziata, S., Contarino, V. E., Erbetta, A., Aquino, D., & Bulgheroni, S. (2013) · The Cerebellum · doi:10.1007/s12311-013-0469-8 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Developmental vitamin D deficiency and autism: Putative pathogenic mechanisms
Ali, A. A., Cui, X., & Eyles, D. W. (2016) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.12.018 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
The Role of the Pediatric Cerebellum in Motor Functions, Cognition, and Behavior
Salman, M. S., & Tsai, P. T. (2016) · Neuroimaging Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.nic.2016.03.003 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Neurobehavioral Abnormalities in First-Degree Relatives of Individuals With Autism
Mosconi, M. W., Kay, M., D’Cruz, A.-M., Guter, S., Kapur, K., Macmillan, C., Stanford, L. D., & Sweeney, J. A. (2010) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.87 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Mosconi, M. W., Luna, B., Kay-Stacey, M., Nowinski, C. V., Rubin, L. H., Scudder, C. A., Minshew, N. J., & Sweeney, J. A. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0063709 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Effects of Rat Prenatal Exposure to Valproic Acid on Behaviour and Neuro-Anatomy
Mychasiuk, R., Richards, S., Nakahashi, A., Kolb, B., & Gibb, R. (2012) · Developmental Neuroscience · doi:10.1159/000341786 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Modeling early cortical serotonergic deficits in autism
BOYLAN, C., Blue, M. E., & Höhmann, C. F. (2006) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2006.08.026 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Repeated prenatal exposure to valproic acid results in cerebellar hypoplasia and ataxia
Main, S. L., & Kulesza, R. J. (2017) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.10.052 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Anteraper, S. A., Guell, X., D’Mello, A. M., Joshi, N., Whitfield, S., & Joshi, G. (2018) · Brain Connectivity · doi:10.1089/brain.2018.0581 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Węgiel, J., Flory, M. J., Kuchna, I., Nowicki, K., Imaki, H., Imaki, H., Wegiel, J., Cohen, I. L., London, E., Brown, W. T., et al. (2014) · Acta Neuropathologica Communications · doi:10.1186/2051-5960-2-28 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Stoodley, C. J., & Tsai, P. T. (2021) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev-neuro-100120-092143 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Philippi, A., Roschmann, E., Torès, F., Lindenbaum, P., Benajou, A., Germain-Leclerc, L., Marcaillou, C., Fontaine, K., Vanpeene, M., Roy, S. S., et al. (2005) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001704 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Prati, J. M., Pontes‐Silva, A., & Gianlorenço, A. C. (2024) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2024.114933 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Three autism candidate genes: a synthesis of human genetic analysis with other disciplines
Bartlett, C. W., Gharani, N., Millonig, J. H., & Brzustowicz, L. M. (2004) · International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2004.10.004 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
David, F. J., Baranek, G. T., Giuliani, C., Mercer, V. S., Poe, M. D., & Thorpe, D. E. (2009) · Pediatric Physical Therapy · doi:10.1097/pep.0b013e3181a3afc2 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Hanaie, R., Mohri, I., Kagitani‐Shimono, K., Tachibana, M., Azuma, J., Matsuzaki, J., Watanabe, Y., Fujita, N., & Taniike, M. (2013) · The Cerebellum · doi:10.1007/s12311-013-0475-x · Cited by 77 · see citing works
The Cerebellar Dopaminergic System
Flace, P., Livrea, P., Basile, G. A., Galletta, D., Bizzoca, A., Gennarini, G., Bertino, S., Branca, J. J. V., Gulisano, M., Bianconi, S., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsys.2021.650614 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Thabault, M., Turpin, V., Maïsterrena, A., Jaber, M., Egloff, M., & Galvan, L. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23042294 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Neuropathology and Animal Models of Autism: Genetic and Environmental Factors
Gadad, B. S., Hewitson, L. C., Young, K. A., & German, D. C. (2013) · Autism Research and Treatment · doi:10.1155/2013/731935 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Blatt, G. J. (2012) · Scientifica · doi:10.6064/2012/703675 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Eye Movement and Visual Search: Are There Elementary Abnormalities in Autism?
Brenner, L. A., Turner, K. C., & Müller, R. (2006) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-006-0277-9 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Impairment of social and emotional behaviors in Cadm1-knockout mice
Takayanagi, Y., Fujita, E., Yu, Z., Yamagata, T., Momoi, M. Y., Momoi, T., & Onaka, T. (2010) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.04.165 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Elsen, G. E., Choi, L. Y., Prince, V. E., & Ho, R. K. (2009) · Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2009.08.024 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
- Authors
- Fatemi, S. H., Halt, A. R., Realmuto, G., Earle, J., Kist, D. A., Thuras, P., & Merz, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Minnesota (US)
- Corresponding author
- Fatemi, S. Hossein
- Venue
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology
- Published
- 2002-04
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 171-175
- ISSN
- 0272-4340 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-6830
- PMC
- PMC11533743
- OpenAlex
- W95237908
- Cited by
- 344
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 3.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- Locations
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Autism Research Foundation
- University of Minnesota
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, Purkinje cells, cerebellum, postmortem brain
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Atrophy, Autistic Disorder, Cell Count, Cerebellar Cortex, Humans, Male, Nervous System Malformations, Purkinje Cells, Cell Size
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
