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Climate change in cities due to global warming and urban effects
Open accessAbstract
Urbanisation is estimated to result in 6 billion urban dwellers by 2050. Cities will be exposed to climate change from greenhouse gas induced radiative forcing, and localised effects from urbanisation such as the urban heat island. An urban land‐surface model has been included in the HadAM3 Global Climate Model. It shows that regions of high population growth coincide with regions of high urban heat island potential, most notably in the Middle East, the Indian sub‐continent, and East Africa. Climate change has the capacity to modify the climatic potential for urban heat islands, with increases of 30% in some locations, but a global average reduction of 6%. Warming and extreme heat events due to urbanisation and increased energy consumption are simulated to be as large as the impact of doubled CO 2 in some regions, and climate change increases the disparity in extreme hot nights between rural and urban areas.
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“During summer months, relatively large SUHI intensity is associated with increased local warming and extreme heat events in urban areas13,36,37.”
From Disproportionate exposure to urban heat island intensity across major US cities (2021) · cites this paper as [36]
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“Third, our study uses natural vegetation to represent rural conditions, while the previous two studies used either the temperature of the dominant nonurban tile [McCarthy et al., 2010] or the area-averaged temperature of all vegetation tiles [Oleson et al., 2011] to represent the rural temperature.”
InfluentialSpatio-temporal evolution of surface urban heat islands in the Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration
Wang, Z., Liu, M., Liu, X., Meng, Y., Zhu, L., & Rong, Y. (2020) · Physics and Chemistry of the Earth Parts A/B/C · doi:10.1016/j.pce.2020.102865 · Cited by 39
Beyond energy savings: Investigating the co-benefits of heat resilient architecture
Samuelson, H. W., Baniassadi, A., & Gonzalez, P. I. (2020) · Energy · doi:10.1016/j.energy.2020.117886 · Cited by 39
How an urban parameterization affects a high‐resolution global climate simulation
Katzfey, J., Schlünzen, K. H., Hoffmann, P., & Thatcher, M. (2020) · Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society · doi:10.1002/qj.3874 · Cited by 39
“Some studies (McCarthy et al., 2010; Oleson et al., 2011; Jacobson and Ten Hoeve, 2012; Oleson, 2012) have focused on the impacts of climate change on the urban climate through global modelling, with explicit representation of urban areas.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialKhan, T. U., Mannan, A., Hacker, C., Ahmad, S., Siddique, M. A., Khan, B. U., Din, E. U., Chen, M., Zhang, C., Nizami, S. M., et al. (2021) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su13073590 · Cited by 39
“Among other threats, habitat loss, degradation, and fragmentation due to LULCC are depleting their future [42].”
BackgroundAn Integrated Framework to Streamline Resilience in the Context of Urban Climate Risk Assessment
Urquiza, A., Amigo, C., Billi, M., Calvo, R., Gallardo, L., Neira, I., & Rojas, M. (2021) · Earth s Future · doi:10.1029/2020ef001508 · Cited by 39
“, 2018), but they also influence and mediate the effects of climate change on society (McCarthy et al., 2010).”
BackgroundColmenar‐Santos, A., Rosales-Asensio, E., Borge-Díez, D., & Mur, F. (2015) · Energy · doi:10.1016/j.energy.2015.03.088 · Cited by 38
Detection and variability of combustion-derived vapor in an urban basin
Fiorella, R. P., Bares, R., Lin, J. C., Ehleringer, J. R., & Bowen, G. J. (2018) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-18-8529-2018 · Cited by 38
“In turn, water vapor from fossil fuel combustion may impact urban air quality and meteorology, for example, through direct changes in radiative balance by increased water vapor concentrations (Holmer and Eliasson, 1999; McCarthy et al., 2010), impacts on aerosols and cloud properties (Pruppacher and Klett, 2010; Mölde…”
BackgroundUrban heat island in current and future climates for the island of Montreal
Roberge, F., & Sushama, L. (2018) · Sustainable Cities and Society · doi:10.1016/j.scs.2018.04.033 · Cited by 38
Guo, T., He, T., Liang, S., Roujean, J., Zhou, Y., & Huang, X. (2021) · Remote Sensing of Environment · doi:10.1016/j.rse.2021.112832 · Cited by 38
Role of energy technologies in response to climate change
Shamoon, A., Haleem, A., Bahl, S., Javaid, M., & Garg, S. B. (2022) · Materials Today Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2022.02.025 · Cited by 39
Evapotranspiration estimation considering anthropogenic heat based on remote sensing in urban area
Cong, Z., Shen, Q., Zhou, L., Sun, T., & Liu, J. (2017) · Science China Earth Sciences · doi:10.1007/s11430-016-0216-3 · Cited by 37
Public crowdsensing of heat waves by social media data
Grasso, V., Crisci, A., Morabito, M., Nesi, P., & Pantaleo, G. (2017) · Advances in science and research · doi:10.5194/asr-14-217-2017 · Cited by 37
“Heat waves have in fact their maximum impact in urban environments (McCarthy et al., 2010), characterized by the aggravating phenomenon of the urban heat island.”
BackgroundExamining the outcomes of urban adaptation interventions on gender equality using SDG 5
Solomon, D. S., Singh, C., & Islam, F. (2021) · Climate and Development · doi:10.1080/17565529.2021.1939643 · Cited by 46
Hassan, Q. K., Ejiagha, I. R., Ahmed, M. R., Gupta, A., Rangelova, E., & Dewan, A. M. (2021) · Remote Sensing · doi:10.3390/rs13173441 · Cited by 37
“), and anthropogenic activities such as industrialization and land-use/land-cover changes across the globe [6,7].”
BackgroundThanvisitthpon, N. T., Nakburee, A., Khamchiangta, D., & Saguansap, V. (2023) · Urban Climate · doi:10.1016/j.uclim.2023.101484 · Cited by 35
Dai, D., Bo, M., Ren, X., & Dai, K. (2024) · Ecological Indicators · doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2024.111565 · Cited by 35
The impact of climate policy uncertainty on urban climate risk: Evidence from 274 cities in China
Zhang, H., Liu, J., Guo, Q., Zhang, X., & Hu, X. (2024) · Sustainable Cities and Society · doi:10.1016/j.scs.2024.106097 · Cited by 35
Salamanca, F., Georgescu, M., Mahalov, A., & Moustaoui, M. (2015) · Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology · doi:10.1175/jamc-d-14-0313.1 · Cited by 35
“Urban–rural temperature differences exhibit a strong variability across regions and seasons and both urban and rural landscapes respond differently to climate change (McCarthy et al. 2010; Oleson 2012; Stone et al. 2012).”
BackgroundHuman-biometeorological conditions and thermal perception in a Mediterranean coastal park
Saaroni, H., Pearlmutter, D., & Hatuka, T. (2014) · International Journal of Biometeorology · doi:10.1007/s00484-014-0944-z · Cited by 35
“McCarthy et al. (2010), based on global climate models, indicate future aggravation of the daily maximum temperature imparted by the UHI, although by a smaller magnitude then for minimum temperatures.”
BackgroundMulti-factor controls on terrestrial carbon dynamics in urbanized areas
Zhang, C., Tian, H., Pan, S., Lockaby, G. B., & Chappelka, A. H. (2014) · Biogeosciences · doi:10.5194/bg-11-7107-2014 · Cited by 35
“Furthermore, the legacy effect of pre-urban land-use changes (Ramalho and Hobbs, 2012) and influences from global climate changes (McCarthy et al., 2010) could also modify15 ecosystem’s responses to the urbanization-induced environmental changes.”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- McCarthy, M. P., Best, M. J., & Betts, R. A.
- Affiliations
- Met Office (GB)
- Venue
- Geophysical Research Letters
- Publisher
- American Geophysical Union (AGU)
- Published
- 2010-05
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 9
- ISSN
- 0094-8276 (ISSN-L)
- 1944-8007
- OpenAlex
- W1622515456
- Semantic Scholar
- 92ce681105fa8e4139db43b8bd4c25997e3b2766
- Cited by
- 821
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 35 · 2025: 62 · 2024: 73 · 2023: 77 · 2022: 59 · 2021: 96 · 2020: 77 · 2019: 54 · 2018: 46 · 2017: 48 · 2016: 44 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 35 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 28
- FWCI
- 24.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Geophysical Research Letters (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, UK Government
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/E017398/1)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Engineering › Urban Heat Island Mitigation
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Climate variability and models
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Climate Change and Environmental Impact
- Keywords
- urban heat island, climate change impacts on cities, urbanization, HadAM3, radiative forcing, heat waves, urban energy consumption, population growth, Middle East, Indian subcontinent, East Africa
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