The DOI matches its Crossref record.
The role of nitric oxide in innate immunity: NO in innate immunity
Abstract
Type 2 nitric oxide synthase (iNOS or NOS2) was originally described as an enzyme that is expressed in activated macrophages, generates nitric oxide (NO) from the amino acid L-arginine, and thereby contributes to the control of replication or killing of intracellular microbial pathogens. Since interferon (IFN)-gamma is the key cytokine for the induction of NOS2 in macrophages and the prototypic product of type 1 T-helper cells, high-level expression of NOS2 has been regarded to be mostly restricted to the adaptive phase of the immune response. In this review, we summarize data that demonstrate a prominent role of NOS2/NO also during innate immunity. During the early phase of infection with the intracellular pathogen Leishmania major, focally expressed NOS2/NO not only exerts antimicrobial activities but also controls the function of natural killer cells and the expression of cytokines such as IFN-gamma or transforming growth factor-beta. Some of these effects result from the function of NOS2/NO as an indispensable co-factor for the activation of Tyk2 kinase and, thus, for interleukin-12 and IFN-alpha/beta signaling in natural killer cells.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Antimicrobial reactive oxygen and nitrogen species: concepts and controversies
Fang, F. C. (2004) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/nrmicro1004 · Cited by 1,676
The macrophage switch in obesity development
Castoldi, A., Naffah de Souza, C., Câmara, N. O. S., & Moraes-Vieira, P. M. (2016) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2015.00637 · Cited by 575
Regulation of iNOS on Immune Cells and Its Role in Diseases
Xue, Q., Yan, Y., Zhang, R., & Xiong, H. (2018) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms19123805 · Cited by 421
Nitric oxide and wound repair: role of cytokines?
Schwentker, A., Vodovotz, Y., Weller, R., & Billiar, T. R. (2002) · Nitric Oxide · doi:10.1016/s1089-8603(02)00002-2 · Cited by 386
Leiro, J. M., Castro, R., Arranz, J. A., & Lamas, J. (2007) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2007.02.007 · Cited by 316
Nairz, M., Schleicher, U., Schroll, A., Sonnweber, T., Theurl, I., Ludwiczek, S., Talasz, H., Brandacher, G., Moser, P. L., Muckenthaler, M. U., et al. (2013) · Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20121946 · Cited by 204
Self-citationLeishmaniasis vaccine: Where are we today?
Kedzierski, L. (2010) · Journal of Global Infectious Diseases · doi:10.4103/0974-777x.62881 · Cited by 202
Regulation of type 17 helper T-cell function by nitric oxide during inflammation
Niedbala, W., Alves-Filho, J. C., Fukada, S. Y., Vieira, S. M., Mitani, A., Sonego, F., Mirchandani, A., Nascimento, D. C., Cunha, F. Q., & Liew, F. Y. (2011) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1100667108 · Cited by 117
Fungal toxins and host immune responses
Brown, R., Priest, E., Naglik, J. R., & Richardson, J. P. (2021) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.643639 · Cited by 94
Valdés-Mas, R., Leshem, A., Zheng, D., Cohen, Y., Kern, L., Zmora, N., He, Y., Katina, C., Eliyahu-Miller, S., Yosef-Hevroni, T., et al. (2025) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2024.12.016 · Cited by 89
Fritsche, G., Dlaska, M., Barton, H., Theurl, I., Garimorth, K., & Weiss, G. (2003) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.171.4.1994 · Cited by 86
Jang, J.-Y., Moon, S.-Y., & Joo, H.-G. (2014) · Food and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.fct.2014.03.024 · Cited by 66
Macrophage responses to interferon-γ are dependent on cystatin C levels
Frendéus, K. H., Wallin, H., Janciauskiene, S., & Abrahamson, M. (2009) · The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/j.biocel.2009.05.005 · Cited by 51
Morchón, R., López-Belmonte, J., Bazzocchi, C., Grandi, G., Kramer, L., & Simón, F. (2007) · Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology · doi:10.1016/j.vetimm.2006.10.004 · Cited by 34
Molecular profiling of sponge deflation reveals an ancient relaxant-inflammatory response
Ruperti, F., Becher, I., Stokkermans, A., Wang, L., Marschlich, N., Potel, C., Maus, E., Stein, F., Drotleff, B., Schippers, K. J., et al. (2024) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2023.12.021 · Cited by 23
Metadata
- Authors
- Bogdan, C., Röllinghoff, M., & Diefenbach, A.
- Venue
- Immunological Reviews
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2000-02
- Volume
- 173
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 17-26
- ISSN
- 0105-2896 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2011237115
- Cited by
- 662
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 7.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
