Pessimism, age, and cancer mortality.
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Short-term (≤1 year) cancer mortality has been linked to lower levels of optimism in younger patients with a diverse range of cancers.
“Short-term (≤1 year) cancer mortality has also been linked to lower levels of optimism in younger patients with a diverse range of cancers [98]”
From Personality and Longevity: Knowns, Unknowns, and Implications for Public Health and Personalized Medicine (2011) · cites this paper as [98]
One study found elevated cancer mortality risk related to pessimism when optimism and pessimism were conceptualized as separate variables.
“One study found no effect for optimism but elevated cancer mortality risk related to pessimism when these two constructs were conceptualized as separate variables [98].”
From Personality and Longevity: Knowns, Unknowns, and Implications for Public Health and Personalized Medicine (2011) · cites this paper as [98]
One study found no effect for optimism on cancer mortality when optimism and pessimism were conceptualized as separate variables.
“One study found no effect for optimism but elevated cancer mortality risk related to pessimism when these two constructs were conceptualized as separate variables [98].”
From Personality and Longevity: Knowns, Unknowns, and Implications for Public Health and Personalized Medicine (2011) · cites this paper as [98]
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Baumeister, R. F., Bratslavsky, E., Finkenauer, C., & Vohs, K. D. (2001) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1037/1089-2680.5.4.323 · Cited by 7,678 · see citing works
Negativity Bias, Negativity Dominance, and Contagion
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Roberts, B. W., Kuncel, N. R., Shiner, R., Caspi, A., & Goldberg, L. R. (2007) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1745-6916.2007.00047.x · Cited by 2,361 · see citing works
Personality Psychology and Economics
Almlund, M., Duckworth, A. L., Heckman, J. J., & Kautz, T. (2011) · Handbook of the economics of education · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-53444-6.00001-8 · Cited by 1,365 · see citing works
Depression and cancer mortality: a meta-analysis
Pinquart, M., & Duberstein, P. R. (2010) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291709992285 · Cited by 1,083 · see citing works
“Whereas Schulz et al. (1996) had observed stronger associations of pessimism and mortality in younger patients than in older patients, the present metaanalysis found some evidence for stronger associations of depression and mortality in the oldest cancer patients.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialDepression as a predictor of disease progression and mortality in cancer patients: A Meta‐Analysis
Satin, J. R., Linden, W., & Phillips, M. J. (2009) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/cncr.24561 · Cited by 972 · see citing works
Optimism and Physical Health: A Meta-analytic Review
Rasmussen, H. N., Scheier, M. F., & Greenhouse, J. B. (2009) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12160-009-9111-x · Cited by 797 · see citing works
“Schulz et al. (1996) [ 62 ] 238 Cancer LOT (pessimism) Mortality PR .14”
Self-citationPersonality Psychology and Economics
Almlund, M., Duckworth, A. L., Heckman, J., & Kautz, T. (2011) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w16822 · Cited by 540 · see citing works
Personality, Well-Being, and Health*
Friedman, H. S., & Kern, M. L. (2014) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-010213-115123 · Cited by 530 · see citing works
“Most importantly, neuroticism inconsistently predicts mortality risk, with some studies finding higher risk (Abas et al. 2002, Denollet et al. 1996, Schulz et al. 1996, Wilson et al. 2004) and many other studies finding null (Almada et al. 1991, Huppert & Whittington 1995, Iwasa et al. 2008, Mosing…”
ResultFostering and Measuring Skills
Kautz, T., Heckman, J. J., Diris, R., ter Weel, B., & Borghans, L. (2014) · OECD education working papers · doi:10.1787/5jxsr7vr78f7-en · Cited by 488 · see citing works
Optimism and Its Impact on Mental and Physical Well-Being
Conversano, C., Rotondo, A., Lensi, E., Vista, O. D., Arpone, F., & Reda, M. A. (2010) · Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health · doi:10.2174/1745017901006010025 · Cited by 418 · see citing works
“[18] noted that high scores on the pessimism items of the LOT (a measure of dispositional optimism) [1] significantly predicted premature death in young patients with breast cancer.”
BackgroundGiltay, E. J., Geleijnse, J. M., Zitman, F. G., Hoekstra, T., & Schouten, E. G. (2004) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.61.11.1126 · Cited by 396 · see citing works
Optimism and Rehospitalization After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
Scheier, M. F., Matthews, K. A., Owens, J. F., Schulz, R., Bridges, M. W., Magovern, G. J., & Carver, C. S. (1999) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.159.8.829 · Cited by 383 · see citing works
“More generally, the fact that optimism and depression combined to predict different categories of rehospitalization also serves to underscore the fact that optimism, pessimism, and depression seem to be distinct factors with distinguishable effects.(9,34) The precise mechanisms underlying the effects of optimism and d…”
BackgroundSelf-citationInhibitors and Enablers as Dual Factor Concepts in Technology Usage
Cenfetelli, R. T. (2004) · Journal of the Association for Information Systems · doi:10.17705/1jais.00059 · Cited by 393 · see citing works
“Other examples of duality include positive versus negative emotions (Watson and Tellegen, 1985; Watson and Tellegen, 1999) and pessimism versus optimism (Lewicki et al., 1998; Schulz et al., 1996).”
BackgroundPersonality and quality of life: The importance of optimism and goal adjustment
Wrosch, C., & Scheier, M. F. (2003) · Quality of Life Research · doi:10.1023/a:1023529606137 · Cited by 362 · see citing works
“Outcome expectancies have also been linked to objective indicators of quality of live, such as good health [80] and mortality [ 81 ].”
BackgroundSelf-citationPetticrew, M., Bell, R., & Hunter, D. (2002) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.325.7372.1066 · Cited by 310 · see citing works
Räikkönen, K., Matthews, K. A., Flory, J. D., Owens, J. F., & Gump, B. B. (1999) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.76.1.104 · Cited by 288 · see citing works
Personality and Risk of Physical Illness
Smith, T. W., & MacKenzie, J. J. (2006) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.2.022305.095257 · Cited by 281 · see citing works
Fostering and Measuring Skills: Interventions That Improve Character and Cognition
Heckman, J., & Kautz, T. (2013) · doi:10.3386/w19656 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
Chapman, B. P., Roberts, B., & Duberstein, P. (2011) · Journal of Aging Research · doi:10.4061/2011/759170 · Cited by 283 · see citing works
Psychological factors and cancer development: Evidence after 30 years of research
Garssen, B. (2004) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2004.01.002 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
Fostering and Measuring Skills: Interventions that Improve Character and CognitionPreprint
Heckman, J. J., & Kautz, T. (2013) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2363237 · Cited by 253 · see citing works
Allison, P. J., Guichard, C., Fung, K., & Gilain, L. (2003) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2003.10.092 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Optimism, Pessimism, and Gambling: The Downside of Optimism
Gibson, B. D., & Sanbonmatsu, D. M. (2004) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167203259929 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Steptoe, A., Wright, C., Kunz‐Ebrecht, S. R., & Iliffe, S. (2006) · British Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1348/135910705x42850 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Antidepressants for depression in physically ill people
Rayner, L., Price, A. C., Evans, A., Valsraj, K. M., Higginson, I. J., & Hotopf, M. H. (2010) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd007503.pub2 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Matthews, K. A., Räikkönen, K., Sutton-Tyrrell, K., & Kuller, L. H. (2004) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000139999.99756.a5 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
“Among breast cancer patients, optimists are more likely to survive after 8 months than are pessimists, particularly among the younger patients (15).”
BackgroundChang, E. C., & Sanna, L. J. (2001) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037/0882-7974.16.3.524 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Depression and functional status as predictors of death among cancer patients
Stommel, M., Given, B., & Given, C. (2002) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/cncr.10533 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
“Instead, it may be seen as a case in its own right, since depression as a psychological syndrome often involves the loss of the will to live.(16,17) This line of reasoning appears less plausible in the case of self-rated physical functioning measures.”
BackgroundResultGarssen, B., & Goodkin, K. (1999) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/s0165-1781(99)00008-6 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
O’Donovan, A., Lin, J., Dhabhar, F. S., Wolkowitz, O., Tillie, J. M., Blackburn, E., & Epel, E. (2009) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2008.11.006 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
“These results are consistent with previous studies that have distinguished between optimism and pessimism, in which linear associations were reported between pessimism, but not optimism, and objective indicators of health (Milam et al., 2004; Schulz et al., 1996).”
ResultPreference for Risk in Investing as a Function of Trait Optimism and Gender
Felton, J., Gibson, B. D., & Sanbonmatsu, D. M. (2003) · Journal of Behavioral Finance · doi:10.1207/s15427579jpfm0401_05 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Optimistic Expectancies and Cell-Mediated Immunity
Segerstrom, S. C., & Sephton, S. E. (2010) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0956797610362061 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Well-being in Rheumatoid Arthritis: The Effects of Disease Duration and Psychosocial Factors
Treharne, G., Kitas, G., Lyons, A., & Booth, D. (2005) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/1359105305051416 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Ironson, G. H., Balbin, E., Stuetzle, R., FLETCHER, M. A., O’Cleirigh, C. M., Laurenceau, J., Schneiderman, N., & Solomon, G. F. (2005) · International Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1207/s15327558ijbm1202_6 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
“Our study also contrasts with the study of lung cancer patients in which optimism did not predict disease course (Schofield et al., 2004) and in patients with metastasized and recurrent cancer (Schulz et al., 1996).”
BackgroundResultMika Kivimaki, B., Vahtera, J., Elovainio, M. J., Helenius, H. Y. M., Singh‐Manoux, A., & Pentti, J. (2005) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/0278-6133.24.4.413 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
“Separate analyses for optimism and pessimism have shown a lower survival rate for highly pessimistic cancer patients than their less pessimistic counterparts but no difference between individuals with high levels of optimism and those with low levels of optimism ( Schulz, Bookwala, Knapp, Scheier, & Williamson, 1996 ).”
BackgroundMroczek, D. K., Spiro, A., & Turiano, N. A. (2009) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2009.03.016 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
“Thus, it is not surprising that many studies have found that high neuroticism is a risk factor for mortality (Abas et al., 2002; Christensen et al., 2002; Denollet et al., 1996; Schulz et al., 1996; Wilson et al., 2004).”
BackgroundOptimism, positive affectivity, and salivary cortisol
Lai, J. C. L., Evans, P. D., Ng, S. H., Chong, A. M. L., Siu, O. T., Chan, C., Ho, S. M. Y., Ho, R., Chan, P., & Chan, K. (2005) · British Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1348/135910705x26083 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Differential Immune System Changes with Acute and Persistent Stress for Optimists vs Pessimists
Cohen, F., Kearney, K. A., Zegans, L. S., Kemeny, M. E., Neuhaus, J. M., & Stites, D. P. (1999) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1006/brbi.1998.0531 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Optimism and pessimism dimensions in the Life Orientation Test-Revised: Method and meaning
Segerstrom, S. C., Evans, D. R., & Eisenlohr-Moul, T. A. (2010) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2010.11.007 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Personality, health, and aging: prolegomenon for the next generation
Smith, T. W., & Spiro, III (2002) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/s0092-6566(02)00014-4 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Duberstein, P. R., Sörensen, S., Lyness, J. M., King, D. A., Conwell, Y., Seidlitz, L., & Caine, E. D. (2003) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037/0882-7974.18.1.25 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Byrnes, D. M., Antoni, M. H., Goodkin, K., Efantis-Potter, J., Asthana, D., Simon, T., Munajj, J., Ironson, G. H., & FLETCHER, M. A. (1998) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-199811000-00009 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
“In HIV— individuals, pessimism has been associated with weaker blastogenic responses to mitogen challenge (38), increased reports of past and future infectious illness (39, 40), and increased risk for mortality in younger cancer patients (41).”
BackgroundHopelessness Predicts Mortality in Older Mexican and European Americans
Stern, S. L., Dhanda, R., & Hazuda, H. P. (2001) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-200105000-00003 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
“(12) suggests that pessimism may not affect mortality in this age group.”
BackgroundPsychological responses to cancer recurrence
Andersen, B. L., Shapiro, C. L., Farrar, W. B., Crespin, T. R., & Gregorio, S. W. (2005) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/cncr.21309 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Carter, J. H., Lyons, K. S., Stewart, B. J., Archbold, P. G., & Scobee, R. (2010) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.22888 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
The impact of optimism on anxiety, depression and quality of life in urogenital cancer patients
Zenger, M., Brix, C., Borowski, J., Stolzenburg, J., & Hinz, A. (2009) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.1635 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
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Do optimism and pessimism predict physical functioning?
Brenes, G. A., Rapp, S. R., Rejeski, W. J., & Miller, M. E. (2002) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1023/a:1015376510466 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Socioeconomic Disparities in Optimism and Pessimism
Robb, K. A., Simon, A. E., & Wardle, J. (2009) · International Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12529-008-9018-0 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
“Indeed, there is some indication that pessimism rather than optimism is the crucial factor in the relationship with health (Robinson-Whelen et al. 1997; Schulz et al. 1996).”
BackgroundOptimism and pessimism in social context: An interpersonal perspective on resilience and risk
Smith, T. W., Ruiz, J. M., Cundiff, J. M., Baron, K. G., & Nealey-Moore, J. B. (2013) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2013.04.006 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Derks, W., de Leeuw, J. R. J., Hordijk, G. J., & Winnubst, J. A. M. (2005) · Clinical Otolaryngology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2273.2004.00938.x · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Cancer Attributions, Distress, and Health Practices Among Gynecologic Cancer Survivors
Costanzo, E. S., Lutgendorf, S. K., Bradley, S. L., Rose, S. L., & Anderson, B. (2005) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000188402.95398.c0 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
The ‘Typhoon Eye Effect’: determinants of distress during the SARS epidemic
Xie, X., Stone, E. R., Zheng, R., & Zhang, R.-G. (2011) · Journal of Risk Research · doi:10.1080/13669877.2011.571790 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
“Additionally, some previous research (e.g., Robinson-Whelen et al. 1997; Schulz et al. 1996; see also Baumeister et al. 2001) suggests that pessimism, but not optimism, significantly predicts psychological and physical health.”
BackgroundMethodReligiosity, Optimism, and Pessimism Among African Americans
Mattis, J. S., Fontenot, D. L., Hatcher-Kay, C. A., Grayman, N. A., & Beale, R. L. (2004) · Journal of Black Psychology · doi:10.1177/0095798403260730 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Self‐Regulatory Processes and Responses to Health Threats: Effects of Optimism on Well‐Being
Scheier, M. F., & Carver, C. S. (2003) · doi:10.1002/9780470753552.ch15 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Self-citationSherman, A. C., Simonton, S., Adams, D. C., Latif, U., Plante, T. G., Burns, S. K., & Poling, T. H. (2001) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.523 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
“In addition, the SCSORF was significantly associated with optimism, which appears to be an important resource variable for individuals with cancer and other life-threatening illnesses (Scheier and Bridges, 1995; Schulz et al., 1996).”
BackgroundPositive and Negative Attributes and Risk for Coronary and Aortic Calcification in Healthy Women
Matthews, K. A., Owens, J. F., Edmundowicz, D., Lee, L., & Kuller, L. H. (2006) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000221274.21709.d0 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
“linked to positive physical health outcomes, including good prognosis after bypass surgery (14,15), angioplasty (16), breast cancer diagnosis (17), and less progression of IMT (18); that both positive and negative emotions are linked to increased cardiovascular reactivity to stress (13); and positive affect averaged a…”
BackgroundBaider, L., Andritsch, E., Uziely, B., Goldzweig, G., Ever-Hadani, P., Hofman, G., Krenn, G., & Samonigg, H. (2003) · Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology · doi:10.1016/s1040-8428(02)00134-8 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Ruiz, J. M., Matthews, K. A., Scheier, M. F., & Schulz, R. (2006) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.91.2.255 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Self-citationOptimism and survival in lung carcinoma patients
Schofield, P. E., Ball, D., Smith, J., Borland, R., O’Brien, P. C., Davis, S. R., Olver, I., Ryan, G. B., & Joseph, D. J. (2004) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/cncr.20076 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
“Depression and pessimism typically are correlated.(11) However, in that study, disease stage was controlled for but not metastatic site; hence, depressive coping scores may reflect patient knowledge of clinical signs.”
BackgroundPersonality and risk of cancer in men with coronary heart disease
Denollet, J. (1998) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291797006442 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
“…present data, indicating that type-D personality and age & 56 years were independent prognostic factors for the development of cancer among men with established CHD. Consistent with previous research (Schulz et al. 1996), pessimism was associated with development of cancer in univariate analysis.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialSome Contributions of Economics to the Study of Personality
Heckman, J. J., Jagelka, T., & Kautz, T. (2019) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w26459 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
“56See Friedman and Martin (2011); M rtin et al. (2007); Kern and Friedman (2008); Mroczek and Spiro (2007); Boyle et al. (2005); Schulz et al. (1996); Kubzansky et al. (2001) .”
The Impact of Hope and Resilience on Multiple Factors in Neurosurgical Patients
Duggal, D., Sacks-Zimmerman, A. L., & Liberta, T. A. (2016) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.849 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Meaning in Life and Substance Use
Csabonyi, M., & Phillips, L. (2017) · Journal of Humanistic Psychology · doi:10.1177/0022167816687674 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Facing a prostate cancer diagnosis
Perczek, R. E., Burke, M. A., Carver, C. S., Krongrad, A., & Terris, M. K. (2002) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/cncr.10564 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
“Optimists have also been found to have a healthier immune response to stress and a longer life span than pessimists.(8,14) Further research is needed to examine the role of this personality dimension during other stages of adaptation (i.”
BackgroundEndrighi, R., Hamer, M., & Steptoe, A. (2011) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0b013e31822f9cd7 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
“Dispositional optimism has also been shown to predict better recovery and adjustment after surgery (6), survival among patients with cancer (7,8), slower viral disease progression and higher CD4 cell count in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (9,10), and larger antibody responses to vaccination (11).”
BackgroundOptimism and Its Impact on Mental and Physical Well-Being
Conversano, C., Rotondo, A., Lensi, E., Vista, O. D., Arpone, F., & Reda, M. A. (2010) · Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health · doi:10.2174/17450179010060100025 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Räikkönen, K., & Matthews, K. A. (2008) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2008.00498.x · Cited by 56 · see citing works
“Furthermore, pessimists may be overall less resilient, that is, in addition to higher ABP level, pessimistic adolescents reported in our study experiencing more unusual physical symptoms (cf. Schulz et al., 1996; Milam et al., 2004) and feeling less positively in J Pers.”
BackgroundRole stressors as predictors of changes in womens’ optimistic expectations
Atienza, A. A., Stephens, M. A. P., & Townsend, A. L. (2003) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2003.09.016 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Heinonen, K., Räikkönen, K., & Keltikangas‐Järvinen, L. (2004) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2004.04.020 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Pessimism Predicts Anxiety, Depression and Quality of Life in Female Cancer Patients
Zenger, M., Glaesmer, H., Höckel, M., & Hinz, A. (2010) · Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1093/jjco/hyq168 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Taylor, S. E., & Broffman, J. I. (2011) · Advances in experimental social psychology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-385522-0.00001-9 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Health, Behavior, and Optimal Aging
Aldwin, C. M., Spiro, A., & Park, C. L. (2006) · Handbook of the Psychology of Aging · doi:10.1016/b978-012101264-9/50008-2 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Optimism and Pessimism in Kuwaiti and American College Students
Abdel‐Khalek, A. M., & Lester, D. (2006) · International Journal of Social Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0020764006062092 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
“Schulz et al. (1996) found that endorsement of a pessimistic life orientation is an important risk factor for cancer mortality, but only among younger patients (ages 30–59).”
BackgroundLyons, K. S., Stewart, B. J., Archbold, P. G., Carter, J. H., & Perrin, N. (2004) · Nursing Research · doi:10.1097/00006199-200411000-00002 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
“…outcomes 6 months to 3 years later in samples of middle-aged women, families of patients in hospice, patients recovering from coronary artery bypass surgery, and patients with cancer (Bromberger & Matthews, 1996; Davis, NolenHoeksema, & Larson, 1998; Scheier et al., 1989; Schulz et al., 1996).”
BackgroundInfluentialFerraz, R. B., Tavares, H., & Zilberman, M. L. (2007) · Archives of Clinical Psychiatry (São Paulo) · doi:10.1590/s0101-60832007000500005 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Optimism and Mortality in Older Men and Women: The Rancho Bernardo Study
Franey, E. G., Kritz‐Silverstein, D. C., & Barrett-Connor, E. L. (2016) · Journal of Aging Research · doi:10.1155/2016/5185104 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
“cancermortality as shown in some prior clinical studies [6, 7].”
ResultNabi, H., Koskenvuo, M., Singh-Manoux, A., Korkeila, J., Suominen, S., Korkeila, K., Vahtera, J., & Kivimäki, M. (2010) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.109.565440 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
“In agreement with the present results, a recent clinical study showed a lower survival rate for pessimistic cancer patients than their less pessimistic counterparts, but no difference between individuals with high levels of optimism and those with low levels of optimism.(13) The precise mechanisms underlying the link…”
ResultExpectations and Realizations: The Role of Expectancies in Achievement Settings
Marshall, M. A., & Brown, J. D. (2004) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/s11031-004-2388-y · Cited by 49 · see citing works
“Our findings also bear on research regarding optimism and pessimism (Marshall et al., 1992; Robinson-Whelen et al., 1997; Schulz et al., 1996; Smith et al., 1989; Zuckerman, 2001).”
BackgroundResultProactive Coping in Community-Dwelling Older Australians
Sougleris, C., & Ranzijn, R. (2011) · The International Journal of Aging and Human Development · doi:10.2190/ag.72.2.d · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Mystakidou, K., Tsilika, E., Parpa, E., Athanasouli, P., Galanos, A., Anna, P., & Vlahos, L. J. (2008) · Archives of Psychiatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.apnu.2008.04.008 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Mahler, H. I. M., & Kulik, J. A. (2002) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/0278-6133.21.5.427 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Confidence and economic attitudes
Pirinsky, C. A. (2013) · Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization · doi:10.1016/j.jebo.2013.04.013 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Groot, W. N. J., & van den Brink, H. M. (2007) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2007.05.009 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
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The Association Between Strength of Religious Faith and Psychological Functioning
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“Finally, Schulz et al. (1996) found that pessimism but not optimism predicted length of survival of middleaged cancer patients.”
BackgroundInfluentialDo the Emotional Benefits of Optimism Vary Across Older Adulthood? A Life Span Perspective
Wrosch, C., Jobin, J., & Scheier, M. F. (2016) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/jopy.12247 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
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“Another study on similar lines was conducted by Schultz et al. (1996) involving 238 cancer patients receiving palliative radiation treatment that was followed up for 8 months.”
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- Authors
- Schulz, R., Bookwala, J., Knapp, J. E., Scheier, M., & Williamson, G. M.
- Venue
- Psychology and Aging
- Published
- 1996
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 304-309
- ISSN
- 0882-7974 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1498
- OpenAlex
- W4254078744
- Cited by
- 175
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 4.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychology and Aging (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Optimism, Hope, and Well-being
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
- Keywords
- pessimism, age, cancer mortality, pessimistic explanatory style, aging, mortality risk
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