Cited by 1,590Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ResearchChild Abuse and TraumaChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development

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Violence and risk of PTSD, major depression, substance abuse/dependence, and comorbidity: results from the national survey of adolescents

Kilpatrick, Dean G., Ruggiero, Kenneth J., Acierno, Ron, Saunders, Benjamin E., Resnick, Heidi S., Best, Connie L.·2003·Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

DOI 10.1037/0022-006x.71.4.692

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Abstract

With a national household probability sample of 4,023 telephone-interviewed adolescents ages 12-17, this study provides prevalence, comorbidity, and risk-factor data for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive episode (MDE), and substance abuse/dependence (SA/D). Roughly 16% of boys and 19% of girls met criteria for at least 1 diagnosis. Six-month PTSD prevalence was 3.7% for boys and 6.3% for girls, 6-month MDE prevalence was 7.4% for boys and 13.9% for girls, and 12-month SA/D prevalence was 8.2% for boys and 6.2% for girls. PTSD was more likely to be comorbid than were MDE and SA/D. Results generally support the hypothesis that exposure to interpersonal violence (i.e., physical assault, sexual assault, or witnessed violence) increases the risk of these disorders and of diagnostic comorbidity.

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Authors: Kilpatrick, D. G., Ruggiero, K. J., Acierno, R., Saunders, B. E., Resnick, H. S., & Best, C. L.
Affiliations: Medical University of South Carolina (US)
ORCID: Kilpatrick, Dean G.
Ruggiero, Kenneth J.
Acierno, Ron
Saunders, Benjamin E.
Venue: Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 2003
Volume: 71
Issue: 4
Pages: 692-700
ISSN: 0022-006X (ISSN-L)
1939-2117
DOI: 10.1037/0022-006x.71.4.692
OpenAlex: W2147668737
Cited by: 1,590
References: 29
Citations by year: 2026: 16 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 45 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 55 · 2021: 79 · 2020: 104 · 2019: 86 · 2018: 115 · 2017: 84 · 2016: 92 · 2015: 117 · 2014: 98 · 2013: 110 · 2012: 86
FWCI: 37.06
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Keywords: post-traumatic stress disorder, major depressive episode, substance abuse, substance dependence, comorbidities, interpersonal violence, adolescent mental health, prevalence, risk factors, sexual assault, physical assault, witnessing violence, gender differences
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Child, Depressive Disorder, Major, Major Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Violence, Comorbidity, Prevalence, Substance-Related Disorders

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Violence and risk of PTSD, major depression, substance abuse/dependence, and comorbidity: results from the national survey of adolescents

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