Resting-state functional connectivity of the amygdala and longitudinal changes in depression severity in adolescent depression
Open accessAbstract
Background The incidence of major depressive disorder (MDD) rises during adolescence, yet the neural mechanisms of MDD during this key developmental period are unclear. Altered amygdala resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) has been associated with both adolescent and adult MDD, as well as symptom improvement in response to treatment in adults. However, no study to date has examined whether amygdala RSFC is associated with changes in depressive symptom severity in adolescents.Method We examined group differences in amygdala RSFC between medication-naïve depressed adolescents (N=48) and well-matched healthy controls (N=53) cross-sectionally. We then longitudinally examined whether baseline amygdala RSFC was associated with change in depression symptoms three months later in a subset of the MDD group (N=24).Results Compared to healthy controls, depressed adolescents showed reduced amygdala-based RSFC with the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC)and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC). Within the depressed group, more positive baseline RSFC between the amygdala and insulae was associated with greater reduction in depression symptoms three months later.Limitations Only a subset of depressed participants was assessed at follow-up and treatment type and delivery were not standardized.Conclusions Adolescent depression may be characterized by dysfunction of frontolimbic circuits (amygdala-DLPFC, amygdala-VMPFC) underpinning emotional regulation, whereas those circuits (amygdala-insula) subserving affective integration may index changes in depression symptom severity and may therefore potentially serve as a candidate biomarker for treatment response. Furthermore, these results suggest that the biomarkers of MDD presence are distinct from those associated with change in depression symptoms over time.
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Resting state brain functional connectivity is known to be associated with depression.
“which is known to be associated with depression [92].”
Depressed adolescents have lower vmPFC-amygdala RSFC compared to healthy controls.
“Depressed adolescents (N=48) have lower vmPFC-amygdala RSFC compared to healthy controls (N=53).”
From Predicting Brain Functional Connectivity Using Mobile Sensing (2020) · cites this paper as [20]
The vmPFC-amygdala RSFC is associated with mental illness such as anxiety and depression.
“which has been shown by neuroscientists to be associated with mental illness such as anxiety and depression”
From Predicting Brain Functional Connectivity Using Mobile Sensing (2020) · cites this paper as [20]
A number of neuroscientists find that higher vmPFC-amygdala functional connectivity is correlated with lower depression and anxiety.
“As discussed in the related work section, a number of neuroscientists find that higher vmPFC-amygdala functional connectivity is correlated with lower depression and anxiety [20, 50].”
From Predicting Brain Functional Connectivity Using Mobile Sensing (2020) · cites this paper as [20]
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- Authors
- Connolly, C. G., Ho, T. C., Blom, E. H., LeWinn, K. Z., Sacchet, M. D., Tymofiyeva, O., Simmons, A. N., & Yang, T. T.
- Affiliations
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Corresponding author
- Connolly, Colm G.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Affective Disorders
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-01
- Volume
- 207
- Pages
- 86-94
- ISSN
- 0165-0327 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5149416
- OpenAlex
- W2521795478
- Cited by
- 177
- References
- 99
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 8.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Affective Disorders (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Swedish Research Council (350-2012-303)
- Swedish Society of Medicine (SLS244671)
- Brain and Behavior Research Foundation
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH085734, K01MH097978, R21AT009173)
- National Science Foundation (NSF) (0801700, DGE-1147470)
- American Foundation for Suicide Prevention (PDF-1-064-13)
- Center of Excellence in Stress and Mental Health and by a Veteran’s Affairs Merit Award (I01-CX000715)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Keywords
- adolescent depression, major depressive disorder, amygdala, resting-state functional connectivity, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, insula, emotion regulation, affective integration, treatment response biomarkers
- MeSH terms
- Self-Control, Adolescent, Amygdala, Brain, Cerebral Cortex, Depression, Major Depressive Disorder, Depressive Disorder, Major, Emotions, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Neural Pathways, Rest, Severity of Illness Index, Case-Control Studies, Prefrontal Cortex, Disease Progression, Functional Neuroimaging
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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