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Individual differences in adult decision-making competence.
Open accessAbstract
The authors evaluated the reliability and validity of a set of 7 behavioral decision-making tasks, measuring different aspects of the decision-making process. The tasks were administered to individuals from diverse populations. Participants showed relatively consistent performance within and across the 7 tasks, which were then aggregated into an Adult Decision-Making Competence (A-DMC) index that showed good reliability. The validity of the 7 tasks and of overall A-DMC emerges in significant relationships with measures of socioeconomic status, cognitive ability, and decision-making styles. Participants who performed better on the A-DMC were less likely to report negative life events indicative of poor decision making, as measured by the Decision Outcomes Inventory. Significant predictive validity remains when controlling for demographic measures, measures of cognitive ability, and constructive decision-making styles. Thus, A-DMC appears to be a distinct construct relevant to adults' real-world decisions.
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“Nevertheless, previous research has indicated some degree of common variance among them (Bruine de Bruin, Parker, & Fischhoff, 2007;Finucane & Gullion, 2010;Klaczynski, 2001;Parker & Fischhoff, 2005;Slugoski, Shields, & Dawson, 1993;Stanovich & West, 1998c, 2000;West, Toplak, & Stanovich, 2008).”
From The Cognitive Reflection Test as a predictor of performance on heuristics-and-biases tasks (2011) · cites this paper as Bruine de Bruin, Parker, & Fischhoff, 2007
In the citing paper
“These results converge with a body of other work indicating that the susceptibility to these biases varies considerably (Bruine de Bruin et al., 2007;Cokely & Kelley, 2009;Del Missier, Mantyla, & Bruine de Bruine, 2010;Dohmen, Falk, Huffman, Marklein, & Sunde, 2009;Klaczynski, 2001;Oechssler et al., 2009;Stanovich & West, 1998a, 1998c, 1999, 2000, 2008b;West et al., 2008).”
From The Cognitive Reflection Test as a predictor of performance on heuristics-and-biases tasks (2011) · cites this paper as Bruine de Bruin et al., 2007
In the citing paper
“Recent work on individual differences in cognitive function has begun to challenge this assumption (Bruine de Bruin et al., 2007;Oechssler et al., 2009;Stanovich, 2009bStanovich, , 2011;;Stanovich & West, 2007, 2008a, 2008b).”
From The Cognitive Reflection Test as a predictor of performance on heuristics-and-biases tasks (2011) · cites this paper as Bruine de Bruin et al., 2007
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“The DMC comprises six components: resistance to framing; applying decision rules; under/overconfidence; consistency in risk perception; resistance to sunk costs; and recognizing social norms.”
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“;) and Decision Matrix, a measure of the ability and effort employed to utilize information of varying complexity in making the best choice in an option-by-attribute matrix (Bruine de Bruin et al., 2007; Payne, Bettman & Johnson, 1993).”
BackgroundMethodMoral framing effects within subjects
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Fabio Del Missier, A., Mäntylä, T., & Nilsson, L.-G. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-417148-0.00007-8 · Cited by 25
What were they thinking? Reducing sunk-cost bias in a life-span sample.
Strough, J., de Bruin, W. B., Parker, A. M., Karns, T. E., Lemaster, P., Pichayayothin, N. B., Delaney, R. K., & Stoiko, R. R. (2016) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037/pag0000130 · Cited by 25
Self-citationPeople in pain make poorer decisions
Attridge, N., Pickering, J., Inglis, M., Keogh, E., & Eccleston, C. (2019) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001542 · Cited by 25
“2 3 Decision Outcomes Inventory (DOI) 4 The DOI asks participants to report whether or not they have experienced each of 41 5 negative decision outcomes, such as missing a flight, receiving parking tickets, or going 6 bankrupt[10].”
BackgroundValidation of the Adult Decision-Making Competence in Slovak students
Bavoľár, J. (2013) · Judgment and Decision Making · doi:10.1017/s1930297500006057 · Cited by 25
“The tasks in the adult version were partly changed—this change resulted in better psychometric characteristics of the A-DMC (Bruine de Bruin et al., 2007).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialDilawar, S. M., Durrani, D. K., Li, X., & Anjum, M. A. (2019) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-019-00231-y · Cited by 32
“Control Variables Research has shown that decision making varies with age and gender (Bruine de Bruin et al. 2007; Deakin et al. 2004; Finucane et al. 2005; Mau 2000; Mitchell and Walsh 2004; Park 1996; Salo and Allwood 2011; R. N. Taylor 1975; Worthy et al. 2011).”
BackgroundPensamiento crítico: su relevancia para la educación en una sociedad cambiante
Almeida, L. S., & Franco, A. (2011) · Revista de Psicología · doi:10.18800/psico.201101.007 · Cited by 24
Toward understanding everyday decision making by adults across the autism spectrum
Gaeth, G. J., Levin, I. P., Jain, G., & Burke, E. V. (2016) · Judgment and Decision Making · doi:10.1017/s1930297500004757 · Cited by 24
“…elements from the Decision Making Competence index (DMC), a tool to assess decision making processes and style (Parker & Fischhoff, 2005; Bruine de Bruin et al., 2007; Levin et al., 2014) as well as other aspects of decision making that could potentially discriminate between persons with ASD and…”
MethodDijkstra, K. A., & Hong, Y. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0209900 · Cited by 24
Age Differences in Time Perception and Their Implications for Decision Making Across the Life Span
Löckenhoff, C. E., & Rutt, J. L. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-417148-0.00011-x · Cited by 23
Decision-making competence in older adults: A rosy view from a longitudinal investigation.
Missier, F. D., Hansson, P., Parker, A. M., de Bruin, W. B., & Mäntylä, T. (2020) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037/pag0000443 · Cited by 25
Self-citationFilipe, L., Alvarez, M., Roberto, M. S., & Ferreira, J. A. (2020) · Judgment and Decision Making · doi:10.1017/s1930297500006951 · Cited by 22
Income or education? Community‐level antecedents of firms' category‐spanning activities
Chae, H. (2021) · Strategic Management Journal · doi:10.1002/smj.3328 · Cited by 23
Barker, J., Oakes-Rogers, S., & Leddy, A. (2022) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.07.048 · Cited by 24
Individual differences in need for cognition and decision making in the Iowa Gambling Task
Harman, J. L. (2011) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2011.03.021 · Cited by 23
Individual Differences in Decision‐making Competence
de Bruin, W. B., Fabio Del Missier, A., & Levin, I. P. (2012) · Journal of Behavioral Decision Making · doi:10.1002/bdm.753 · Cited by 23
Decision biases in the context of ethics: Initial scale development and validation
Watts, L. L., Medeiros, K. E., McIntosh, T. J., & Mulhearn, T. J. (2019) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2019.109609 · Cited by 26
Risk perception and communication
Fischhoff, B. (2015) · doi:10.1093/med/9780199661756.003.0138 · Cited by 23
“They correlate with performance on other tasks, as well as life outcomes that might refl ect decision-making competence (Bruine de Bruin et al. 2007).”
Self-citationJin, M., Ji, L., & Peng, H. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01892 · Cited by 22
“In another study, negative relationships between age and performance were found in decision-making tasks that involved resistance to framing and applying decision rules; these relationships were mediated by cognitive abilities (Bruine de Bruin et al., 2007).”
BackgroundFahsing, I., & Ask, K. (2017) · Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology · doi:10.1007/s11896-017-9231-3 · Cited by 26
Xu, H. (2019) · Journal of Career Assessment · doi:10.1177/1069072719831975 · Cited by 24
DO EMOTIONALLY INTELLIGENT INDIVIDUALS USE MORE ADAPTIVE DECISION-MAKING STYLES
Avsec, A. (2012) · Studia Psychologica · Cited by 22
Decision Making Across Adulthood
Strough, J., & de Bruin, W. B. (2020) · Annual Review of Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-devpsych-051120-010038 · Cited by 28
Metadata
- Authors
- Bruine de Bruin, W., Parker, A. M., & Fischhoff, B.
- Affiliations
- RAND Corporation (US)
- Carnegie Mellon University (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
- Published
- 2007-05
- Volume
- 92
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 938-956
- ISSN
- 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1315
- OpenAlex
- W2039223548
- Semantic Scholar
- 22168bbc83ed5c1b933d71c3f881dc85b0709321
- Cited by
- 906
- References
- 110
- Citations by year
- 2026: 33 · 2025: 52 · 2024: 45 · 2023: 60 · 2022: 62 · 2021: 81 · 2020: 71 · 2019: 62 · 2018: 54 · 2017: 49 · 2016: 47 · 2015: 70 · 2014: 49 · 2013: 49 · 2012: 34
- FWCI
- 12.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- figshare.com
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- KiltHub Repository (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- KiltHub Repository
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (SES-0213782)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Keywords
- individual differences, construct validity, predictive validity, socioeconomic status, cognitive ability, decision-making styles, negative life events
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aptitude, Culture, Decision Making, Female, Humans, Individuality, Intelligence, Internal-External Control, Male, Middle Aged, Personality Inventory, Problem Solving, Psychometrics, Self Concept, Social Values, Socioeconomic Factors, Reproducibility of Results
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