The DOI matches its Crossref record; 149 of the 150 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
An appraisal-disruption model of alcohol’s effects on stress responses in social drinkers
Abstract
This article reviews the effects of alcohol on stress responses among social drinkers. Despite considerable research, the relationship between alcohol and stress has remained unclear. An appraisal-disruption model of alcohol's effects on stress responses is proposed, which attempts to integrate many divergent findings. According to this model, alcohol disrupts initial appraisal of stressful information by constraining the spread of activation of associated information previously established in long-term memory. The conditions under which such disruption is likely to occur are outlined. Evidence relevant to each of the model's propositions is considered. It is concluded that the appraisal-disruption model provides a framework for integrating many of the findings from past investigations. Theoretical issues pertinent to the model are addressed.
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“The ADM suggests that individuals use alcohol to dampen negative self-talk, thereby weakening stress and anxiety symptoms [9,10].”
From Does Relationship-Contingent Self-Esteem Play a Role in the Stress to Impaired Control Pathway to Alcohol-Related Problems in a College Student Sample? (2023) · cites this paper as [9]
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Effects of Daily Social Support on Tension-Reduction Drinking
Brannan, D. (2000) · doi:10.15760/etd.764
“One of the most prominent theories on the effects of alcohol consumption on behavior is alcohol myopia theory (Sayette, 1999; Steele & Josephs, 1990). In this model, Steele and Josephs (1990) argue when people drink they can only focus on one thing at a time; thus, ruminating about a stressor is difficult if a person…”
BackgroundPreprint: Alcohol's effects during uncertain and uncontrollable stressors in the laboratoryPreprint
Bradford, D. E., Shireman, J. M., Sant'Ana, S. J. K., Fronk, G. E., Wanta, S. E., & Curtin, J. J. (2021) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/uvwqr
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Hefner, K. R., & Curtin, J. J. (2018) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/8sy9z
Hefner, K. R., & Curtin, J. J. (2018) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/kvqmp
Demmel, R. (2002) · Zeitschrift für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie · doi:10.1026/0084-5345.31.2.144
The Role of Recovery from Work in Work Stress-Related Drinking
Shepherd, B. R. (2000) · doi:10.15760/etd.5237
Momentary Emotional Fingerprints of Internalizing Symptom FacetsPreprint
Baez, L. M., DeYoung, K. A., Anderson, A. S., Islam, S., Grogans, S. E., Conway, C., Shackman, A. J., & Heller, A. S. (2022) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/vg45b
Alcohol and the dysregulation of cognitive control: Exploring the role of emotion
Scott-Smith, T. A. (2019) · doi:10.26686/wgtn.17139968.v1
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Goodwin, M. E., & Sayette, M. A. (2024) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/acer.15312 · Cited by 1
Scherzer, C. R., Sullivan, J. M., & Buckner, J. D. (2025) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.1080/10826084.2025.2495781
“…relevant theory which might help to explain the relationship between social anxiety and heavy drinking is the appraisal disruption model, which proposes that alcohol consumption impairs the initial appraisal of information by weakening connections between new and old information (Sayette, 1993).”
Fairbairn, C. E. (2012) · D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)
Traité de régulation des émotions
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Bernerth, J. B., Sawhney, G., Liu, S., Koopmann, J. M., & Flinn, T. (2026) · Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1111/joop.70092 · Cited by 1
Benbouriche, M. (2016) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/15e21209z53cfz4e51zab4ez0496613e093a
Boit-on pour arrêter de ruminer ? : l'impact des pensées répétitives sur la consommation d'alcool
Devynck, F. (2017) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/e6d5d6bazae01z43efz97adzaead15593a3e
Cognition, Emotion, and Sociality
Söilen, K. S. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-23069-0_3
The Many Faces of Alcohol Intoxication: Effects on Sexual Behavior, Cognition, and Memory
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(1999) · PubMed Central · Cited by 247
Metadata
- Authors
- Sayette, M. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Corresponding author
- Sayette, Michael A.
- ORCID
- Sayette, Michael A.
- Venue
- Psychological Bulletin
- Published
- 1993
- Volume
- 114
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 459-476
- ISSN
- 0033-2909 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1455
- OpenAlex
- W1998465194
- Cited by
- 320
- References
- 150
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 4.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Bulletin (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Keywords
- alcohol, stress response, social drinkers, stress appraisal, long-term memory, information dissemination, alcohol effects on cognition
- MeSH terms
- Alcohol Drinking, Ethanol, Cognition, Female, Humans, Life Change Events, Male, Personality, Stress, Psychological
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