Effects of hyperglycemia on memory and hormone levels in dementia of the Alzheimer type: A longitudinal study.
Abstract
The effect of hyperglycemia on hormone levels, metabolite levels, and memory performance was examined in 22 subjects with very mild and mild probable dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) and in 12 normal elderly adults. Subjects were tested in 3 plasma glucose conditions (fasting baseline, 175 mg/dl, and 225 mg/dl) at initial and 18-month follow-up sessions. Initially, adults with very mild DAT showed memory facilitation and elevations in plasma insulin in the 225-mg/dl glucose condition relative to baseline. At follow-up, very mild DAT patients whose dementia had progressed showed significant decreases in insulin and hyperglycemic memory facilitation. Changes in basal insulin and cortisol levels over time were correlated with memory changes for DAT subjects. These results suggest that glucoregulatory abnormalities may contribute to the pathophysiology of DAT.
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Elevated glucose levels, indexed by fasting glucose or glycosylated hemoglobin, are related to heart disease risk, higher mortality, and poorer cognitive and physical function.
“Elevated glucose levelsas indexed by fasting glucose or more integrated assessments of glucose metabolism such as glycosylated hemoglobin (HgA1c)-have also been related to heart disease risk; 15 to higher mortality; 16 and to poorer cognitive [17][18][19][20] and physical function.8”
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Gallacher, J., Pickering, J. E., Elwood, P. C., Bayer, A. J., YARNELL, J. W. G., & Ben‐Shlomo, Y. (2005) · European Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s10654-005-2146-9 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Effects of glucose load on cognitive functions in elderly people
van der Zwaluw, N. L., van de Rest, O., Kessels, R. P. C., & de Groot, C. P. G. M. (2015) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuu002 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
- Authors
- Craft, S., Dagogo-Jack, S. E., Wiethop, B. V., Murphy, C., Nevins, R. T., Fleischman, S., Rice, V., Newcomer, J. W., & Cryer, P. E.
- Affiliations
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Venue
- Behavioral Neuroscience
- Published
- 1993
- Volume
- 107
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 926-940
- ISSN
- 0735-7044 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-0084
- OpenAlex
- W2047478253
- Cited by
- 191
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 3.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Behavioral Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (AG 05681, P50AG005681)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK27085)
- National Center for Research Resources (5M01 RR-00036, M01RR000036)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Keywords
- hyperglycemia, Alzheimer's disease, memory, insulin, cortisol, glucoregulation, plasma glucose, dementia progression, hormone levels, older adults
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Alzheimer Disease, Blood Glucose, Brain, Brain Mapping, Discrimination Learning, Female, Glucagon, Glycated Hemoglobin, Hippocampus, Hormones, Humans, Insulin, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Paired-Associate Learning, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Mental Recall, Retention, Psychology, Speech Perception
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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