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Cited by 235Neural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesCognitive Functions and MemoryCognitive Abilities and Testing

The Implications of Cortical Recruitment and Brain Morphology for Individual Differences in Inhibitory Function in Aging Humans.

Colcombe, Stan J., Kramer, Arthur F., Erickson, Kirk I., Scalf, Paige·2005·Psychology and Aging
DOI 10.1037/0882-7974.20.3.363
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Abstract

The authors assessed individual differences in cortical recruitment, brain morphology, and inhibitory task performance. Similar to previous studies, older adults tended toward bilateral activity during task performance more than younger adults. However, better performing older adults showed less bilateral activity than poorer performers, contrary to the idea that additional activity is universally compensatory. A review of the results and of extant literature suggests that compensatory activity in prefrontal cortex may only be effective if the additional cortical processors brought to bear on the task can play a complementary role in task performance. Morphological analyses revealed that frontal white matter tracts differed as a function of performance in older adults, suggesting that hemispheric connectivity might impact both patterns of recruitment and cognitive performance.

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  • Compensation can occur at a neural level through competition and rearrangement among relatively autonomous processing circuits without explicit awareness.

    “At another level, compensation may occur by competition and rearrangements among relatively autonomous processing circuits, without explicit awareness on the part of the individual of how he or she is compensating (e.g., Cabeza, 2002; Colcombe, Kramer, Erickson, & Scalf, 2005; Park & Reuter-Lorenz, 2009; ReuterLorenz & Cappel, 2008; Salthouse, 1984; cf. Edelman, 1987).”

    From Enrichment Effects on Adult Cognitive Development: Can the Functional Capacity of Older Adults Be Preserved and Enhanced? (2008) · cites this paper as Colcombe, Kramer, Erickson, & Scalf, 2005

  • Coordination of different regions within the prefrontal cortex, and of prefrontal with posterior brain regions, is disrupted in older adults.

    “Other studies have found that the coordination of different regions within the prefrontal cortex, as well as the coordination of prefrontal with posterior brain regions, is disrupted in older adults (AndrewsHanna et al., 2007; Colcombe et al., 2005).”

    From Enrichment Effects on Adult Cognitive Development: Can the Functional Capacity of Older Adults Be Preserved and Enhanced? (2008) · cites this paper as Colcombe et al., 2005

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Authors
Colcombe, S. J., Kramer, A. F., Erickson, K. I., & Scalf, P.
Affiliations
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
ORCID
Venue
Psychology and Aging
Publisher
American Psychological Association (APA)
Published
2005-09
Volume
20
Issue
3
Pages
363-375
ISSN
  • 0882-7974 (ISSN-L)
  • 1939-1498
DOI
10.1037/0882-7974.20.3.363
OpenAlex
W2037629289
Cited by
234
References
76
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 16
FWCI
5.13
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Psychology and Aging (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Institute on Aging (R01 AG 14966, AG 21887, R01AG014966, R01AG021887)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
Keywords
inhibitory function, aging, individual differences, cortical recruitment, brain structure, bilateral activation, prefrontal cortex, interhemispheric connectivity, cognitive aging
MeSH terms
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Brain Mapping, Cerebral Cortex, Dominance, Cerebral, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Individuality, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Neural Inhibition, Neuropsychological Tests, Recruitment, Neurophysiological, Reference Standards, Cohort Studies

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