Cited by 166Counseling Practices and SupervisionPsychotherapy Techniques and ApplicationsCultural Competency in Health Care

The formative method for adapting psychotherapy (FMAP): a community-based developmental approach to culturally adapting therapy

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Hwang, Wei-Chin·2009·Professional Psychology: Research and Practice

Abstract

How do we culturally adapt psychotherapy for ethnic minorities? Although there has been growing interest in doing so, few therapy adaptation frameworks have been developed. The majority of these frameworks take a top-down theoretical approach to adapting psychotherapy. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a community-based developmental approach to modifying psychotherapy for ethnic minorities. The Formative Method for Adapting Psychotherapy (FMAP) is a bottom-up approach that involves collaborating with consumers to generate and support ideas for therapy adaptation. It involves 5-phases that target developing, testing, and reformulating therapy modifications. These phases include: (a) generating knowledge and collaborating with stakeholders (b) integrating generated information with theory and empirical and clinical knowledge, (c) reviewing the initial culturally adapted clinical intervention with stakeholders and revising the culturally adapted intervention, (d) testing the culturally adapted intervention, and (e) finalizing the culturally adapted intervention. Application of the FMAP is illustrated using examples from a study adapting psychotherapy for Chinese Americans, but can also be readily applied to modify therapy for other ethnic groups.

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  1. Szapocznik J Santisteban D Kurtines W Perez-Vidal A Hervis OE 1984 Bicultural effectiveness training: A treatment intervention for enhancing intercultural adjustment Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences 6 317 344
  2. Ying Y 1999 Strengthening Intergenerational/Intercultural Ties In Migrant Families: A New Intervention For Parents Journal of Community Psychology 27 1 89 96

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Authors
Hwang, W.-C.
Affiliations
Claremont McKenna College (US)
Corresponding author
Hwang, Wei-Chin
Venue
Professional Psychology: Research and Practice
Published
2009-08
Volume
40
Issue
4
Pages
369-377
ISSN
  • 0735-7028 (ISSN-L)
  • 1939-1323
OpenAlex
W1993676112
Cited by
166
References
41
Citations by year
2026: 12 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 5
FWCI
6.93
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Professional Psychology Research and Practice (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Mental Health (1R34MH73545-01A2, 1P50MH073511-01A2)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Counseling Practices and Supervision
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Cultural Competency in Health Care
Keywords
culturally adapted psychotherapy, ethnic minorities, community-based development, stakeholder collaboration, Chinese Americans, intervention testing

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