The role of aberrant salience and self-concept clarity in psychotic-like experiences.
Open accessAbstract
Most theories of psychotic-like experiences posit the involvement of cognitive mechanisms. The current research examined the relations between psychotic-like experiences and two cognitive mechanisms, high aberrant salience and low self-concept clarity. In particular, we examined whether aberrant salience, or the incorrect assignment of importance to neutral stimuli, and low self-concept clarity interacted to predict psychotic-like experiences. The current research included three large samples (n = 667, 724, 744) of participants and oversampled for increased schizotypal personality traits. In all three studies, an interaction between aberrant salience and self-concept clarity was found such that participants with high aberrant salience and low self-concept clarity had the highest levels of psychotic-like experiences. In addition, aberrant salience and self-concept clarity interacted to predict a supplemental measure of delusions in Study 2. In Study 3, in contrast to low self-concept clarity, neuroticism did not interact with aberrant salience to predict psychotic-like experiences, suggesting that the relation between low self-concept clarity and psychosis may not be a result of neuroticism. Additionally, aberrant salience and self-concept clarity did not interact to predict two other SPD criteria, social anhedonia or trait paranoia, which suggests the interaction is specific to psychotic-like experiences. Overall, our results are consistent with several cognitive models of psychosis suggesting that aberrant salience and self-concept clarity might be important mechanisms in the occurrence of psychotic-like symptoms.
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Low self-concept clarity has been linked to aberrant salience and basic self-disturbances in nonclinical samples.
“Confusion about the self, indicated by low self-concept clarity, has also been linked to aberrant salience and basic self-disturbances in nonclinical samples (Cicero et al., 2013, 2015, 2016, 2020, 2021; Gaweda et al., 2019).”
From Narrative identity in the psychosis spectrum: A systematic review and developmental model (2021) · cites this paper as Cicero et al., 2013
The General Discussion reports that low self-concept clarity interacted with aberrant salience in three samples, with the highest psychotic-like experiences among participants high in aberrant salience and low in clarity. It also treats self-concept clarity as a quantitative measure of self-disturbance. The paper does not separately measure basic self-disturbances or establish a link between them and low self-concept clarity. (LLM, conf=0.83)
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“…clarity, in combination with a tendency toward experiences of aberant salience (i.e., in which stimuli that ordinarily would not seem significant become much more salient and important; Kapur, 2003), is associated with an increased risk of psychotic-like experiences (Cicero et al., 2013).”
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Self-citationDoes cannabis use predict psychometric schizotypy via aberrant salience?
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Is Paranoia a Defence against or an Expression of Low Self–Esteem?
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Self-citationBirth experiences, trauma responses and self-concept in postpartum psychotic-like experiences
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Computational mechanisms of belief updating in relation to psychotic-like experiences
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Aberrant salience predicts psychotic-like experiences in daily life: An experience sampling study
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Tweedledum And Tweedledee: Are Paranormal Disbelievers A Mirror Image Of Believers?
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Catalán, A., de Artaza, M. G., Fernández-Rivas, A., Angosto, V., Aguirregomoscorta, F., Bustamante, S. E. Z., Díaz, A., Zamalloa, I., Olazabal, N., Bilbao, A., et al. (2018) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.12.008 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
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A Tellegen Abszorpciós Skála részletes pszichometriai elemzése
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Anhedonia as an Indicator of Genetic Vulnerability to Schizophrenia
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Genetic Basis of Auditory Verbal Hallucinations in Schizophrenia
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- Authors
- Cicero, D. C., Becker, T. M., Martin, E. A., Docherty, A. R., & Kerns, J. G.
- Affiliations
- University of Missouri (US)
- Venue
- Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment
- Published
- 2013-01
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 33-42
- ISSN
- 1949-2715 (ISSN-L)
- 1949-2723
- PMC
- PMC3731383
- OpenAlex
- W2157587806
- Cited by
- 52
- References
- 75
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 3
- FWCI
- 1.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Personality Disorders Theory Research and Treatment (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH072706 and MH086190)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA022405)
- MU Research Board
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Hallucinations in medical conditions
- Keywords
- psychotic-like experiences, aberrant salience, self-concept clarity, schizotypy, delusions, neuroticism, social anhedonia, interaction effects
- MeSH terms
- Neuroticism, Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Adult, Anxiety Disorders, Attention, Delusions, Female, Hallucinations, Humans, Male, Models, Psychological, Personality Assessment, Psychotic Disorders, Regression Analysis, Schizotypal Personality Disorder, Self Concept, Young Adult, Anhedonia
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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