Fifteen year follow-up of a randomized trial of a preventive intervention for divorced families: Effects on mental health and substance use outcomes in young adulthood
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OBJECTIVE: This 15-year follow-up assessed the effects of a preventive intervention for divorced families, the New Beginnings Program (NBP), versus a literature control condition (LC). METHOD: Mothers and their 9- to 12-year-olds (N = 240 families) participated in the trial. Young adults (YAs) reported on their mental health and substance-related disorders, mental health and substance use problems, and substance use. Mothers reported on YA's mental health and substance use problems. Disorders were assessed over the past 9 years (since previous follow-up) and 15 years (since program entry). Alcohol and marijuana use, other substance use and polydrug use, and mental health problems and substance use problems were assessed over the past month, past year, and past 6 months, respectively. RESULTS: YAs in NBP had a lower incidence of internalizing disorders in the past 9 years (7.55% vs. 24.4%; odds ratio [OR] = .26) and 15 years (15.52% vs. 34.62%; OR = .34) and had a slower rate of onset of internalizing symptoms associated with disorder in the past 9 years (hazard ratio [HR] = .28) and 15 years (HR = .46). NBP males had a lower number of substance-related disorders in the past 9 years (d = 0.40), less polydrug (d = 0.55) and other drug use (d = 0.61) in the past year, and fewer substance use problems (d = 0.50) in the past 6 months than LC males. NBP females used more alcohol in the past month (d = 0.44) than LC females. CONCLUSIONS: NBP reduced the incidence of internalizing disorders for females and males and substance-related disorders and substance use for males.
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At the 15-year follow-up, the New Beginnings Program reduced the incidence of internalizing disorders from adolescence to early adulthood by 69% (7.55% vs 24.4% controls; OR = .26).
“At the 15-year followup (when the youth were in emerging adulthood), the NBP reduced the incidence of internalizing disorders from adolescence to early adulthood by 69% (7.55% NBP versus 24.4% literature controls; OR =.26; 24).”
From Long-term effects of parenting-focused preventive interventions to promote resilience of children and adolescents (2015) · cites this paper as [24]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Wolchik, S. A., Sandler, I. N., Tein, J.-Y., Mahrer, N. E., Millsap, R. E., Winslow, E., Vélez, C., Porter, M. M., Luecken, L. J., & Reed, A.
- Affiliations
- Arizona State University (US)
- Swarthmore College (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
- Published
- 2013-08
- Volume
- 81
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 660-673
- ISSN
- 0022-006X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-2117
- PMC
- PMC3805366
- OpenAlex
- W2000108316
- Cited by
- 91
- References
- 77
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 8.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (5R01MH071707, 5P30MH068685, 5P30MH039246)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Demography › Family Dynamics and Relationships
- Keywords
- divorce, preventive interventions, early adulthood, internalizing disorders, substance use disorders, alcohol consumption, cannabis use, polydrug use, problematic substance use, mental health, longitudinal follow-up, mother and child, gender differences
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Mental Disorders, Child, Divorce, Family Therapy, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Mental Health, Mother-Child Relations, Mothers, Sex Factors, Time Factors, Substance Abuse Detection, Treatment Outcome, Substance-Related Disorders, Young Adult
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