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Cited by 461Leadership and Management in OrganizationsJob Satisfaction and Organizational BehaviorEmployee Performance and Leadership

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 210 of the 211 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Leadership in applied psychology: Three waves of theory and research

Open access
Lord, Robert G., Day, David V., Zaccaro, Stephen J., Avolio, Bruce J., Eagly, Alice H.·2017·Journal of Applied Psychology
DOI 10.1037/apl0000089
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Abstract

Although in the early years of the Journal leadership research was rare and focused primarily on traits differentiating leaders from nonleaders, subsequent to World War II the research area developed in 3 major waves of conceptual, empirical, and methodological advances: (a) behavioral and attitude research; (b) behavioral, social-cognitive, and contingency research; and (c) transformational, social exchange, team, and gender-related research. Our review of this work shows dramatic increases in sophistication from early research focusing on personnel issues associated with World War I to contemporary multilevel models and meta-analyses on teams, shared leadership, leader-member exchange, gender, ethical, abusive, charismatic, and transformational leadership. Yet, many of the themes that characterize contemporary leadership research were also present in earlier research. (PsycINFO Database Record

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Metadata

Authors
Lord, R. G., Day, D. V., Zaccaro, S. J., Avolio, B. J., & Eagly, A. H.
Affiliations
  • Durham University (GB)
  • Claremont McKenna College (US)
  • George Mason University (US)
  • University of Washington (US)
  • Northwestern University (US)
Corresponding author
Lord, Robert G.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Applied Psychology
Publisher
American Psychological Association (APA)
Published
2017
Volume
102
Issue
3
Pages
434-451
ISSN
  • 0021-9010 (ISSN-L)
  • 1939-1854
DOI
10.1037/apl0000089
OpenAlex
W2582495316
Cited by
461
References
211
Citations by year
2026: 35 · 2025: 44 · 2024: 43 · 2023: 45 · 2022: 65 · 2021: 60 · 2020: 93 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 12
FWCI
91.33
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • Journal of Applied Psychology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Durham Research Online (Durham University) (acceptedVersion)
  • Durham Research Online (Durham University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › Leadership and Management in Organizations
  • Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior
  • Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Employee Performance and Leadership
Keywords
leadership, history of leadership research, transformational leadership, social exchange theory, team leadership, shared leadership, leader-member exchange, gender and leadership, abusive leadership, charismatic leadership, ethical leadership, contingency theory, multilevel models, meta-analysis
MeSH terms
Humans, Leadership, Psychological Theory, Psychology, Applied, Research, History, 20th Century, History, 21st Century

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