Cited by 40Attention Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderBehavioral and Psychological StudiesParental Involvement in Education

Improving homework performance among children with ADHD: A randomized clinical trial.

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Merrill, Brittany M., Morrow, Anne S., Altszuler, Amy R., Macphee, Fiona L., Gnagy, Elizabeth M., Greiner, Andrew R., Coles, Erika K., Raiker, Joseph S. +2 more·2017·Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Evidence indicates that children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) experience acute and prolonged academic impairment and underachievement including marked difficulty with completing homework. This study is the first to examine the effects of behavioral, psychostimulant, and combined treatments on homework problems, which have been shown to predict academic performance longitudinally. METHOD: Children with ADHD (ages 5-12, N = 75, 71% male, 83% Hispanic/Latino) and their families were randomly assigned to either behavioral treatment (homework-focused parent training and a daily report card; BPT + DRC) or a waitlist control group. Children also participated in a concurrent psychostimulant crossover trial conducted in a summer treatment program. Children's objective homework completion and accuracy were measured as well as parent-reported child homework behaviors and parenting skills. RESULTS: BPT + DRC had large effects on objective measures of homework completion and accuracy (Cohen's ds from 1.40 to 2.21, ps < .001). Other findings, including unimodal medication and incremental combined treatment benefits, were not significant. CONCLUSIONS: Behavioral treatment focused on homework problems results in clear benefits for children's homework completion and accuracy (the difference between passing and failing, on average), whereas long-acting stimulant medication resulted in limited and largely nonsignificant acute effects on homework performance. (PsycINFO Database Record

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  • The dissociation between robust effects on seatwork productivity/classroom behavior and no effect on learning cautions against assuming that medication will improve other educational outcomes before the effect on these outcomes has been systematically verified.

    “The clear dissociation between these measures (on which there were robust, consistent effects) and learning from an academic curriculum (on which there was no effect) cautions against assuming that medication will improve other educational outcomes (e.g. homework completion; Merrill et al., 2017) before the effect on these outcomes has been systematically verified.”

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Research works printed but not linked: 8

  1. Cunningham CE 1990 A family systems oriented parent training program Barkley RA Attention deficit hyperactivity: A handbook for diagnosis and treatment 432 461 New York Guilford Press
  2. Nigg JT Barkley RA 2014 Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Mash EM Barkley RA 3rd Child psychopathology New York, NY Guilford Press
  3. Pelham WE Gnagy EM Greiner AR Waschbusch DA Fabiano GA Burrows-MacLean L 2010 Summer treatment programs for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Weisz JR Kazdin AE 2nd Evidence-based psychotherapies for children and adolescents New York, NY Guilford Press
  4. Power TJ Karustis JL Habboushe DF 2001 Homework success for children with ADHD New York, NY Guilford Press
  5. Schabenberger O 2005 Introducing the GLIMMIX procedure for generalized linear mixed models SUGI 30 Proceedings 196 130
  6. Simpson PM Hamer RM 1999 Cross Crossover Studies Off Your List SAS Users Group International Annual Conference; 24th, SAS Users Group International 1303 1309
  7. Volpe RJ Fabiano GA 2013 Daily behavior report cards: an evidence-based system of assessment and intervention New York, NY Guilford Press
  8. Weschler D 2011 Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence 2nd San Antonio, Texas Pearson

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Authors
Merrill, B. M., Morrow, A. S., Altszuler, A. R., Macphee, F. L., Gnagy, E. M., Greiner, A. R., Coles, E. K., Raiker, J. S., Coxe, S., & Pelham, W. E.
Venue
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
Published
2017-02
Volume
85
Issue
2
Pages
111-122
ISSN
  • 0022-006X (ISSN-L)
  • 1939-2117
OpenAlex
W2520349159
Cited by
40
References
58
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2
FWCI
3.55
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute of Mental Health (R01-MH099030, MH092466, MH101096, MH083692)
  • Institute of Education Sciences (R324J060024, R324B060045, R324A120136, R324A120169, LO3000065A)
  • National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (AA11873)
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA12414)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Behavioral and Psychological Studies
  • Social Sciences › Education › Parental Involvement in Education
Keywords
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, homework completion, parent training, behavioral interventions, psychostimulants, long-acting stimulants, combination therapy, academic performance, parenting skills, children
MeSH terms
Achievement, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Behavior Therapy, Child, Child Behavior, Child, Preschool, Combined Modality Therapy, Female, Humans, Male, Treatment Outcome, Cross-Over Studies

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