Cited by 1,443Neural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesVisual perception and processing mechanismsCognitive Abilities and Testing

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Stimulus information as a determinant of reaction time.

Hyman, Ray·1953·Journal of Experimental Psychology

DOI 10.1037/h0056940

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Abstract

In the typical reaction-time experiment, S's reaction time is greater when he has to respond differentially to one of two equally probable stimuli instead of to just one stimulus. In fact, Merkel (2), using one to ten alternatives, has demonstrated that when S has to respond to one stimulus chosen from a number of equally probable alternatives, his reaction time increases with the number of alternatives. The fact that S's response to stimulus A takes more time when A is one of several rather than one of two equally probable alternatives is of intrinsic interest. But it becomes even more significant when looked at from the standpoint of modern communication theory. In communication theory the amount of information which a message conveys is an increasing function of the number of possible messages from which that particular message could have been selected. The S's reaction time seems to behave,

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Background
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Authors: Hyman, R.
Affiliations: Johns Hopkins University (US)
Corresponding author: Hyman, Ray
Venue: Journal of Experimental Psychology
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 1953
Volume: 45
Issue: 3
Pages: 188-196
ISSN: 0022-1015 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1037/h0056940
OpenAlex: W2014448832
Cited by: 1,443
References: 2
Citations by year: 2026: 17 · 2025: 69 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 39 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 57 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 47 · 2018: 42 · 2017: 46 · 2016: 44 · 2015: 46 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 46 · 2012: 51
FWCI: 6.46
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Experimental Psychology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
Keywords: reaction time, stimulus information, number of alternatives, differential response, information theory, stimulus probability, reaction time (psychology)
MeSH terms: Humans, Learning, Reaction Time

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Stimulus information as a determinant of reaction time.

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