Musth in the African elephant, Loxodonta africana
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Musth is an annual period of highly elevated testosterone, accompanied by an increased interest in females and heightened aggressiveness.
“Musth is an annual period of highly elevated testosterone, accompanied by an increased interest in females and heightened aggressiveness.”
From Elephant cognition. (2008) · cites this paper as Poole, J., and Moss, C. (1981)
Older musth males have the greatest paternity success because they are the preferred mates of females.
“older musth males have the greatest paternity success because they are the preferred mates of females.”
From Elephant cognition. (2008) · cites this paper as Poole, J., and Moss, C. (1981)
Fluctuating sexual cycles influence the lives of male elephants, who alternate between loose association with other males and moving between matrilineal groups in search of sexually receptive females.
“whereas fluctuating sexual cycles influence the lives of males, who alternate between loose association with other males and moving between matrilineal groups in the constant search for sexually receptive females”
From Elephant cognition. (2008) · cites this paper as Poole, J., and Moss, C. (1981)
Musth is typically observed in sexually mature males in good physical condition.
“Musth, a phenomenon unique to African and Asian elephants, is typically observed in sexually mature males in good physical condition [22,59]”
From Socializing a group of male Asian elephants in a semi-captive facility in Lao PDR (2025) · cites this paper as [22]
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- Authors
- Poole, J. H., & Moss, C. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- African Wildlife Foundation (KE)
- ORCID
- Poole, Joyce H.
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 1981-08
- Volume
- 292
- Issue
- 5826
- Pages
- 830-831
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W2030472380
- Cited by
- 164
- References
- 8
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 7.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Keywords
- musth, Loxodonta africana, Asian elephant, male reproductive behavior, aggression
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Elephants, Male, Reproduction, Sexual Behavior, Animal, Urination
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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