The DOI matches its Crossref record; 10 of the 10 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; 6 of the 9 sources its claims cite were checked for support.
Biodiversity: The ravages of guns, nets and bulldozers
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Claims the paper makes
6 of 9 cited sources checked · 2 supported · 0 flagged · accuracy not yet measured
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“Of all the plant, amphibian, reptile, bird and mammal species that have gone extinct since ad 1500, 75% were harmed by overexploitation or agricultural activity or both (often in combination with the introduction of invasive alien species 7 ).”
§ The forgotten women of Antarctic research p > WHAT NEXT?
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites [7] Bellard, C., Cassey, P. & Blackburn, T. M. Biol. Lett. 12, 20150623 (2016). sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Results (section 3; page unavailable) report that, among the 215 extinct species in the five taxa, 58% were affected by biological resource use, 28% by agriculture or aquaculture, and 58% by alien species. They also say species commonly had more than one listed threat, supporting the possibility of combined threats. The paper does not report that 75% were affected by overexploitation or agriculture or establish how often those threats specifically coincided with alien species. (LLM, conf=0.83)
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Partly supported
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“Finally, the balance of threats driving extinction risk for many of the world's species will change, even over the next few decades 3 .”
§ The forgotten women of Antarctic research p > DATA LIMITATIONS
What the sources say
- Supportedcites [3] Foden, W. B. et al. PLoS ONE 8, e65427 (2013). source
The Introduction (page unavailable) says habitat loss, over-exploitation and invasive species have largely driven extinctions, while climate change is becoming a significant new threat. It also reports projections of increased climate-related extinction risk within this century, including species potentially committed to extinction by 2050. Together, these support the claimed shift in the balance of threats over the coming decades. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passes- Supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“Finally, studies have shown Red List categorizations reflecting projected extinction risk from climate change to be more robust than was previously thought 6 .”
§ The forgotten women of Antarctic research p > DATA LIMITATIONS
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites [6] Keith, D. A. et al. Conserv. Biol. 28, 810–819 (2014). sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Introduction (page not supplied) describes earlier doubts about whether Red List criteria can detect climate-change extinction risk. The Factors influencing performance section reports that assessments for later in the twenty-first century were robust to missing data, but the study examined one amphibian species and cautions that early detection can depend on assessing criterion E. The claim overgeneralizes that qualified finding to Red List categorizations broadly. (LLM, conf=0.83)
Strength:boosted· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passes- Partly supported
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“Thankfully, there are effective tools and approaches to alleviate harm caused by overexploitation and agricultural activities 8 .”
§ The forgotten women of Antarctic research p > WHAT NEXT?
What the sources say
- Supportedcites [8] Hayward, M. W. Biodivers. Conserv. 20, 2563–2573 (2011). source
The Discussion says that threats from agriculture and hunting can be treated through site creation, restoration, reintroduction, legislation and effective site management. It also says effective legislation can counter over-hunting, while cautioning that these strategies are not guaranteed to work. (LLM, conf=0.91)
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“The comprehensively assessed groups included here are not a random sample from the tree of life 1 , but those that are generally better-studied.”
§ The forgotten women of Antarctic research p > DATA LIMITATIONS
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites [1] Brooks, T. M. et al. Sci. Data 3, 160007 (2016). sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Methods section lists particular taxonomic groups with comprehensive assessments and distinguishes them from a separate taxonomically stratified effort intended to be representative. The Data Records section says some assessed groups are better known than others, but it does not establish that comprehensively assessed groups are generally better studied than groups outside that selection. Page numbers are not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.81)
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passes- Partly supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“Climate change will become an increasingly dominant problem in the biodiversity crisis 3 .”
§ The forgotten women of Antarctic research p > WHAT NEXT?
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites [3] Foden, W. B. et al. PLoS ONE 8, e65427 (2013). sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Introduction (page unavailable) says climate change is becoming a significant new threat and describes substantial projected extinction risks. It does not say climate change will become a dominant threat relative to habitat loss, overexploitation and invasive species, which the Results identify as the current dominant stressors. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passes- Partly supported
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“But information on extinction risk has been gathered for only some 0.1% of the more than 50,000 species of fungi thought to exist.”
§ The forgotten women of Antarctic research p > DATA LIMITATIONS
Load-bearingStrength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Rests on an assumption: The IUCN Red List threat information is sufficiently accurate and complete to quantify the relative prevalence of current hazards to biodiversity.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“At the same time, unsustainable logging is contributing to the decline of more than 4,000 forest-dependent species, such as the Bornean wren-babbler (Ptilocichla leucogrammica), India's Nicobar shrew (Crocidura nicobarica), and the Myanmar snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus strykeri).”
§ The forgotten women of Antarctic research p > ON THE LIST
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passes- Rests on an assumption: The IUCN Red List threat information is sufficiently accurate and complete to quantify the relative prevalence of current hazards to biodiversity.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“And the Fresno kangaroo rat (Dipodomys nitratoides) and the African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) are two of more than 4,600 species currently under threat from land modification associated with the production of food, fodder or fuel crops.”
§ The forgotten women of Antarctic research p > ON THE LIST
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passes- Rests on an assumption: The IUCN Red List threat information is sufficiently accurate and complete to quantify the relative prevalence of current hazards to biodiversity.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“More than 80% of species analysed are harmed by more than one sub-class threat.”
- Also stated in: § DATA LIMITATIONS · plain
“In fact, more than 80% of the species included in our analysis are affected by more than one major threat.”
§ The forgotten women of Antarctic research p > ON THE LIST
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passes- Rests on an assumption: The IUCN Red List threat information is sufficiently accurate and complete to quantify the relative prevalence of current hazards to biodiversity.
- Also stated in: § DATA LIMITATIONS · plain
- Probably not a substantial claim. 5
- It may state two separate claims as one. 2
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“All known bird species have been assessed, for instance.”
§ The forgotten women of Antarctic research p > DATA LIMITATIONS
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✗ Based: failsProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: The IUCN Red List threat information is sufficiently accurate and complete to quantify the relative prevalence of current hazards to biodiversity.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Hooded seals (Cystophora cristata) are among the 1,688 species affected.”
§ The forgotten women of Antarctic research p > ON THE LIST
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Rests on an assumption: The IUCN Red List threat information is sufficiently accurate and complete to quantify the relative prevalence of current hazards to biodiversity.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Meanwhile, anthropogenic climate change -including increases in storms, flooding, extreme temperatures or drought that exceed background variability, as well as sea-level rise -is currently affecting 19% of species listed as threatened or near-threatened.”
§ The forgotten women of Antarctic research p > ON THE LIST
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Rests on an assumption: The IUCN Red List threat information is sufficiently accurate and complete to quantify the relative prevalence of current hazards to biodiversity.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“These have dropped in abundance by 90% in the northeastern Atlantic Arctic over the past few decades”
§ The forgotten women of Antarctic research p > ON THE LIST
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✗ Based: failsProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: The IUCN Red List threat information is sufficiently accurate and complete to quantify the relative prevalence of current hazards to biodiversity.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The expansion and intensification of agricultural activity is imperilling 5,407 species -62% of those listed as threatened or near-threatened.”
§ The forgotten women of Antarctic research p > ON THE LIST
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: The IUCN Red List threat information is sufficiently accurate and complete to quantify the relative prevalence of current hazards to biodiversity.
In the paper
“Because agricultural activity and overexploitation tend to occur in fertile places with naturally high levels of biodiversity 4 , the patterns emerging from our analysis probably extend to many of the other species that have not yet been assessed.”
§ The forgotten women of Antarctic research p > DATA LIMITATIONS
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [4] Anderson, B. J. et al. J. Appl. Ecol. 46, 888–896 (2009). source
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Yet we do not think that any of these caveats alter the overall message.”
§ The forgotten women of Antarctic research p > DATA LIMITATIONS
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✗ Checkable: fails✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
The paper relies on this without support.
The IUCN Red List threat information is sufficiently accurate and complete to quantify the relative prevalence of current hazards to biodiversity.
“To assess the relative prevalence of current hazards to biodiversity, we quantified threat information for 8,688 near-threatened or threatened species belonging to species groups in which all known species have been assessed”
The paper relies on this without support.
Healthy ecosystems are better repositories for carbon.
“Healthy ecosystems are better repositories for carbon.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Farming contributes substantially to greenhouse-gas emissions.
“Agriculture is a major driver of greenhouse-gas emissions, for example.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Human development and population growth will continue and increase the impacts of overexploitation and agricultural expansion.
“But human development and population growth mean that the impacts of overexploitation and agricultural expansion will also increase.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Hundreds of species and myriad populations are being driven to extinction every year (1–8).”
From Biological annihilation via the ongoing sixth mass extinction signaled by vertebrate population losses and declines (2017) · cites this paper as [5]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Combating climate change alone will not be enough to prevent—or possibly even slow—the further loss of biodiversity, unless damaging land/sea use change and direct exploitation are also tackled with similar ambition and determination (14, 27).”
From The direct drivers of recent global anthropogenic biodiversity loss (2022) · cites this paper as [14]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“2,298 species are adversely affected by biological invasions and diseases”
From Bending the curve of terrestrial biodiversity needs an integrated strategy (2020) · cites this paper as [5]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“and 1,688 by climate change”
From Bending the curve of terrestrial biodiversity needs an integrated strategy (2020) · cites this paper as [5]
In the citing paper
“With a growing and wealthier population, food demand will further increase, accentuating the negative impacts on biodiversity2,3.”
From Farming practices to enhance biodiversity across biomes: a systematic review (2024) · cites this paper as [2]
In the citing paper
“Food systems are a key driver of biodiversity loss worldwide (1).”
From Dietary species richness as a measure of food biodiversity and nutritional quality of diets (2018) · cites this paper as [1]
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Chapter One - A multitrophic perspective on biodiversity–ecosystem functioning research
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GLOBAL LAND-USE AND LAND-COVER DATA: HISTORICAL, CURRENT AND FUTURE SCENARIOSPreprint
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A social media fix to the Wallacean shortfallPreprint
Chowdhury, S., Aich, U., Rokonuzzaman, M., Alam, S., Das, P., Siddika, A., Ahmed, S., Labi, M. M., Marco, M. D., Fuller, R. A., et al. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1991321/v1 · Cited by 3
Self-citationGenetic tracing of the white-bellied pangolin’s trade in western central AfricaPreprint
Dipita, A. D., Missoup, A. D., Aguillon, S., Lecompte, É., Momboua, B. R., Chaber, A., Abernethy, K. A., Njiokou, F., Tindo, M., Ntie, S., et al. (2023) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2023.03.10.530129 · Cited by 3
Ethical dilemma in conservation: a trolley problem thought experimentPreprint
Latombe, G., Arbieu, U., Bacher, S., Canessa, S., Courchamp, F., Dullinger, S., Glaser, M., Lenzner, B., Jarić, I., Schertler, A., et al. (2024) · doi:10.32942/x2dp54 · Cited by 3
Global online trade is driving poison dart frogs (family: Dendrobatidae) towards extinction
Junaid, A. (2024) · Biodiversity · doi:10.1080/14888386.2024.2399763 · Cited by 3
“The extensive trade in wildlife for purposes such as luxury foods, medicinal components and as pets has become so significant that it stands out as a leading factor contributing to the global risk of vertebrate extinction (Maxwell et al. 2016).”
Streeck, J., Baumgart, A., Haberl, H., Krausmann, F., Cai, B., Fishman, T., Lanau, M., Berrill, P., Cao, Z., Deetman, S., et al. (2024) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4960374 · Cited by 3
Biological control for predation invasion based on pair approximation.
Gao, Z., Liu, S., & Li, W.-D. (2022) · Mathematical biosciences and engineering : MBE · doi:10.3934/mbe.2022480 · Cited by 1
Blaser, W. J., Shanungu, G. K., Edwards, P. J., Harms, J., Hart, S. P., Ellenbroek, G. A., van Gils, H. A. M. J., Simukonda, C., & Venterink, H. O. (2025) · Ecosystems · doi:10.1007/s10021-024-00951-8 · Cited by 2
Marr, M. M., Humble, E., Lurz, P. W. W., Wilson, L. A., Milne, E., Beckmann, K. M., Schoenebeck, J. J., Fung, U., Kitchener, A. C., Kortland, K., et al. (2025) · Evolutionary Applications · doi:10.1111/eva.70072 · Cited by 2
Challenges in Energy Transition from Fossil Fuel to Clean Energy
Liu, C., & Wang, X. (2025) · Atmospheric and Climate Sciences · doi:10.4236/acs.2025.153029 · Cited by 2
Streicher, J. P., Ramesh, T., & Downs, C. T. (2025) · Landscape Ecology · doi:10.1007/s10980-025-02156-3 · Cited by 2
“…warming (Ripple et al. 2020), invasive species (Sala et al. 2000), habitat fragmentation (Newbold et al. 2015), and pollution (air and water) (Maxwell et al. 2016) are responsible for the degradation of ecosystem functions and the rapid decline in global biodiversity (Chapin et al. 2000;…”
A comprehensive assessment of contaminant exposure in an endangered tern population
Schnelle, A., Peter, M., Müller, C., et al. (2025) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2025.122444 · Cited by 2
Johansson, V., Erbs, C., & Bergman, K. (2025) · Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research · doi:10.1080/02827581.2025.2530419 · Cited by 2
“Current species extinction rates are estimated to be 100– 1000 times higher than natural background rates, with habitat degradation and land-use changes serving as primary drivers (Maxwell et al. 2016; IPBES 2019).”
Spatial land conflict typologies in the Atlantic Forest of South America
Anticoli, A., von Below, J., Eleutério, A. A., Pozzo, A. O., Trumper, A., & Rodríguez, M. P. (2025) · Journal of Rural Studies · doi:10.1016/j.jrurstud.2025.103847 · Cited by 6
Si, H., Hausmann, A., & Li, Z. (2025) · Biological Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111420 · Cited by 2
Barnes, L. P., Wenban‐Smith, E., Skinner, G., Dicks, L. V., Millard, J. W., & Bladon, A. J. (2025) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.70513 · Cited by 3
“This allows an assessment of the number of species, globally, that are thought to be impacted by each threat, and therefore the calculation of a simple ranking of threats (Maxwell et al. 2016).”
Duchesne, T., Lourdais, O., & Graitson, É. (2025) · European Journal of Wildlife Research · doi:10.1007/s10344-025-02003-5 · Cited by 2
“Documenting changes in species abundance/distribution and identifying causal drivers is essential for biodiversity conservation (Sin-clair et al. 2010; Titeux et al. 2016; Maxwell et al. 2016).”
Fruit-feeding butterflies guide of Restinga forests of the southern Brazilian Coastal Plain
Dutra, P. M., Schwantz, T., Richter, A., et al. (2025) · Biota Neotropica · doi:10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2025-1769 · Cited by 2
Saur and decline: Patterns in lizard imports to the US (2000–2022)
Jones, M. D. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0333746 · Cited by 2
“One major threat to many taxa is overexploitation for food, traditional medicine, the skin trade, and for the pet trade [2,3,4,5].”
Stimpson, B., Raymond, S., Bull, J. W., & Milner‐Gulland, E. J. (2025) · Business Strategy and the Environment · doi:10.1002/bse.70404 · Cited by 3
Jonsson, A., Berg, S., Quttineh, N., & Jönsson, T. (2025) · Ecological Applications · doi:10.1002/eap.70165 · Cited by 2
“Thus, habitat destruction and fragmentation are widely recognized as two of the most important drivers of species decline and eventually extinction (Maxwell et al., 2016).”
Camana, M., Dala‐Corte, R. B., Kramer, J. M. F., Cunico, A. M., Magalhães, A. L. B., Leal, C. G., Junior, D. P. L., Gubiani, É. A., Teresa, F. B., Oliveira, F. J. M., et al. (2025) · Aquatic Conservation Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems · doi:10.1002/aqc.70203 · Cited by 2
Causal machine learning methods for understanding land use and land cover change
Eigenbrod, F., Alexander, P. M., Apfel, N., Athanasiadis, I. N., Berger, T., Bullock, J. M., Duveiller, G., Equihua, J. A., Menezes, I., Moreira, R. M., et al. (2025) · Landscape Ecology · doi:10.1007/s10980-025-02279-7 · Cited by 3
“Loss of natural land cover has, in general, had major negative implications for biodiversity (Maxwell et al. 2016) and has been a considerable source of carbon emissions (Arneth et al. 2017).”
Extinction threats from anthropogenic climate change and overexploitation interactions
Bonebrake, T. C. (2026) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2024.0429 · Cited by 2
Bending the curve of agricultural expansion offers a new era for biodiversity and climate
Borrell, J. S. (2026) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2024.0427 · Cited by 2
Anagnostou, M., & Doberstein, B. (2026) · Trends in Organized Crime · doi:10.1007/s12117-026-09588-6 · Cited by 2
Halting predicted vertebrate declines requires tackling multiple drivers of biodiversity loss
Capdevila, P., O’Brien, D. A., Marconi, V., Johnson, T. F., Freeman, R., McRae, L., & Clements, C. F. (2026) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.adx7973 · Cited by 4
“These findings contrast with previous studies suggesting that the effects of climate change are still modest ( 1 , 2 , 37 ), highlighting the importance that climate policies could have in reversing biodiversity loss ( 38 ).”
InfluentialAustralia's terrestrial industrial footprint and ecological intactness
Li, R. V., Atkinson, S., de Andrade, M. A. U., et al. (2026) · Earth system science data · doi:10.5194/essd-18-2179-2026 · Cited by 2
“…converted ecosystems and are subject to high levels of pesticide and fertilizer use and destructive slash-and-burn techniques, and as a consequence, have become the main driver of biodiversity decline and the degradation of the natural landscape (Green et al., 2005; Maxwell et al., 2016).”
Self-citationDeclines in insectivorous bird abundance are related to increasing agricultural insecticide use
Perrot, T., Princé, K., Fontaine, C., Rigal, S., Schulz, R., Wolfram, J., & Porcher, E. (2026) · Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/j.agee.2026.110447 · Cited by 3
Hidden patterns in fauna compensation values in European biodiversity legislation
Francx, A., & Rousseau, S. (2026) · Nature Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1038/s41559-026-03067-5 · Cited by 2
Keesing, F. (2022) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2204241119 · Cited by 2
Hellegers, M., van Swaay, C., van Hinsberg, A., Huijbregts, M. A. J., & Schipper, A. M. (2022) · Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution · doi:10.3389/fevo.2022.873366 · Cited by 2
Success in animal skin fashion in African countries or the boom of the wet market
Mkhonza, A. E., Molefe, K., & Ramafoko, O. T. L. (2022) · Veterinary World · doi:10.14202/vetworld.2022.1328-1332 · Cited by 2
“Poaching, or the illegal capture of animals, is one of the most serious threats to biodiversity [39].”
BackgroundGlobal climate change: A culprit for the deterioration of nature and human life
Srivastav, A. L., Dutt, I., Sharma, S. R., Sharma, A., & Kanwar, V. S. (2022) · AIP conference proceedings · doi:10.1063/5.0102519 · Cited by 3
Díaz, M. F., & Sánchez-Giner, M. V. (2022) · ARTSEDUCA Revista electrónica de educación en las Artes · doi:10.6035/artseduca.6617 · Cited by 2
Padmanaba, M., Sloan, S., Watts, J. D. W., Irawan, S., Lee, J. S. H., Pasaribu, K., Wiratama, C. G. W., Watson, E., & Utami, N. P. (2023) · Frontiers in Environmental Science · doi:10.3389/fenvs.2023.1226070 · Cited by 3
The Dynamics of Pasture–Herbivores–Carnivores with Sigmoidal Density Dependent Harvesting
Bergland, H., Burlakov, E. O., & Wyller, J. A. (2023) · Bulletin of Mathematical Biology · doi:10.1007/s11538-023-01210-y · Cited by 2
Faget, D., Boudouresque, C., & Lejeusne, C. (2023) · Diversity · doi:10.3390/d15101072 · Cited by 2
Population Genetic Structure of Testudo hermanni boettgeri (Hermann's Tortoise) in Türkiye
YILMAZ, C., Türkozan, O., Karaman, S., & Ülger, C. (2023) · TURKISH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY · doi:10.55730/1300-0179.3151 · Cited by 2
“In addition to the illegal pet trade, wildfires, habitat degradation, agricultural activities, and other threats (Moreira and Russo, 2007; Couturier et al., 2011; Salinas et al., 2011; Maxwell et al., 2016) may risk the survival of natural populations of this species.”
BackgroundZhelev, Z., Minchev, D. S., & Angelov, M. V. (2023) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-023-30974-y · Cited by 2
“The loss of natural habitats (Maxwell et al. 2016) due to urbanization, industry, and agriculture (Davidson and Knapp 2007; Whittaker et al. 2013) significantly contributes to this drastic decline in global amphibian populations.”
The technical and economic effects of biodiversity standards on wheat production
Lassalas, M., Duvaleix‐Tréguer, S., & Latruffe, L. (2024) · European Review of Agricultural Economics · doi:10.1093/erae/jbad044 · Cited by 5
Arachnids at the Edge: View and Perspectives, with Emphasis on Spiders and Scorpions
Hénaut, Y., Lucio-Palacio, C. R., & Cargnelutti, F. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-49255-6_4 · Cited by 3
Kim, K.-R., Kim, K.-R., Sung, M.-S., et al. (2024) · Fishes · doi:10.3390/fishes9050153 · Cited by 2
Northover, A. S., Dziminski, M. A., Carpenter, F. M., Moore, H. A., Ottewell, K. M., Palmer, R., & Gibson, L. A. (2024) · Australian Mammalogy · doi:10.1071/am24002 · Cited by 2
Pérez-Alva, B. R., Galindo-Flores, G., Navarro‐Noya, Y. E., Estrada‐Torres, A., Flores‐Manzanero, A., Pérez-Flores, G. A., & Cruz-Salazar, B. (2024) · Botany · doi:10.1139/cjb-2024-0012 · Cited by 2
Hnilička, M., Janáč, M., Palupová, E., et al. (2024) · Hydrobiologia · doi:10.1007/s10750-024-05658-4 · Cited by 2
“Invasive species are a major threat to biodiversity worldwide (Gurevitch & Padilla, 2004; Bellard et al., 2016; Maxwell et al., 2016) and have the potential for significant and accelerating economic impacts Abstract The pumpkinseed Lepomis gibbosus (Linnaeus, 1758) is a small centrarchid fish…”
Vargas, C. L. R., Cancharis, Z. L. C., & Heymann, E. W. (2024) · Frontiers in Conservation Science · doi:10.3389/fcosc.2024.1401517 · Cited by 3
Langer, G. J., Bien, S., & Bußkamp, J. (2024) · Pathogens · doi:10.3390/pathogens13090715 · Cited by 2
“Invasions by non-native species are the fourth most important pressure directly driving global biodiversity loss [12].”
BackgroundSchnelle, A., Rollins, R. E., Cecere, J. G., Serra, L., Gutiérrez, J. S., Masero, J. A., Risch, M., Bouwhuis, S., & Liedvogel, M. (2024) · Conservation Genetics · doi:10.1007/s10592-024-01643-5 · Cited by 2
“Anthropogenic impacts on the environment have dramatically increased over the past century, causing an increase in the number of species threatened by extinction (Butchart et al. 2010; Maxwell et al. 2016).”
Factors Affecting Financial Losses Caused by Wild Boars in Ningxia, China
Qing, Y., Dong, Y., Zhang, Z., et al. (2024) · Diversity · doi:10.3390/d16100616 · Cited by 2
A framework for large-scale risk assessment of road-related impacts, with application to mustelids
Ascensão, F., Barrientos, R., & D’Amico, M. (2024) · Global Ecology and Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.gecco.2024.e03329 · Cited by 2
Eni, O., Eda, L., Eze, O. T., Ekechi-Agwu, C. A., & Emeka, C. (2024) · Environmental Claims Journal · doi:10.1080/10406026.2024.2437685 · Cited by 2
“The net effect of the inadequacy of existing legal and institutional frameworks to fully capture the impact of mining on biodiversity is that there is now a serious magnitude of biodiversity crisis in Nigeria (Maxwell et al. 2016).”
An Estimate of Wolverine Density for the Canadian Province of Alberta
Fisher, J. T., Jahid, M., Gutsell, R., Hubbs, A. H., Cowen, L. L. E., Barrueto, M., Heim, N., & Paczkowski, J. (2024) · Ecology and Evolution · doi:10.1002/ece3.70702 · Cited by 2
Impact of climate warming and landscape change on monarch butterfly
Harsh, S. (2025) · Journal of Insect Conservation · doi:10.1007/s10841-024-00644-6 · Cited by 2
“Habitat loss leads to fragmentation of wildlife population, resulting in a reduction in population sizes in fragmented and isolated habitat patches (Ibáñez et al. 2014; Wang et al. 2014; Maxwell et al. 2016; Chase et al. 2020).”
Spence, A. R., McGarvey, J. A., Lee, S., Smith, O. M., Olimpi, E. M., Yang, W., Zhang, M., & Karp, D. S. (2025) · Journal of Applied Ecology · doi:10.1111/1365-2664.14853 · Cited by 1
Exploring Illegal Trade and Management Strategies in Protected Aquatic Wildlife in Xiamen, China
Liu, J.-Y., Wang, J., Shih, Y., et al. (2025) · Water · doi:10.3390/w17030305 · Cited by 2
Does more uncertainty incentivize risk diversification in conservation?
Sims, C. B., Mingie, J. C., Armsworth, P. R., et al. (2025) · American Journal of Agricultural Economics · doi:10.1111/ajae.12515 · Cited by 2
A national assessment of waterbird hunting in coastal wetlands of Suriname, South America
Mizrahi, D. S., Spaans, A. L., Spaans-Scheen, M. J., Cox, A. R., Laliberté, B., Gallo‐Cajiao, E., & Roy, C. (2026) · Conservation Science and Practice · doi:10.1111/csp2.70273 · Cited by 2
“In doing so, we discovered that harvest could be happening at unsus-tainable levels both for resident and migratory species, supporting global analyses on the importance of overhar-vesting as a threat to biodiversity (Maxwell et al., 2016).”
Bi, Y., Liu, B., Chen, G., et al. (2025) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125305 · Cited by 2
Increased Population Is a Source of Environmental Pollution and Climate Change
Manzoor, S., Din, M. M. U., Gamal, M., Toor, M. D., & Basit, A. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-96-3069-1_2 · Cited by 2
Metadata
- Authors
- Maxwell, S. L., Fuller, R. A., Brooks, T. M., & Watson, J. E. M.
- Affiliations
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- International Union for Conservation of Nature (CH)
- Wildlife Conservation Society (US)
- Corresponding author
- Maxwell, Sean L.
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2016-08-10
- Volume
- 536
- Issue
- 7615
- Pages
- 143-145
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W2510388658
- Cited by
- 1,979
- References
- 10
- Citations by year
- 2026: 143 · 2025: 231 · 2024: 250 · 2023: 218 · 2022: 256 · 2021: 240 · 2020: 218 · 2019: 184 · 2018: 128 · 2017: 92 · 2016: 19
- FWCI
- 121.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Nature and Landscape Conservation › Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Keywords
- biodiversity loss, extinction drivers, IUCN Red List, species endangerment
- MeSH terms
- Agriculture, Animals, Cities, Firearms, Human Activities, Population Dynamics, Extinction, Biological, Endangered Species, Climate Change, Environmental Policy
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