The DOI matches its Crossref record; 10 of the 10 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; 6 of the 9 sources its claims cite were checked for support.
Biodiversity: The ravages of guns, nets and bulldozers
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Claims the paper makes
6 of 9 cited sources checked · 2 supported · 0 flagged · accuracy not yet measured
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“Of all the plant, amphibian, reptile, bird and mammal species that have gone extinct since ad 1500, 75% were harmed by overexploitation or agricultural activity or both (often in combination with the introduction of invasive alien species 7 ).”
§ The forgotten women of Antarctic research p > WHAT NEXT?
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites [7] Bellard, C., Cassey, P. & Blackburn, T. M. Biol. Lett. 12, 20150623 (2016). sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Results (section 3; page unavailable) report that, among the 215 extinct species in the five taxa, 58% were affected by biological resource use, 28% by agriculture or aquaculture, and 58% by alien species. They also say species commonly had more than one listed threat, supporting the possibility of combined threats. The paper does not report that 75% were affected by overexploitation or agriculture or establish how often those threats specifically coincided with alien species. (LLM, conf=0.83)
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Partly supported
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“Finally, the balance of threats driving extinction risk for many of the world's species will change, even over the next few decades 3 .”
§ The forgotten women of Antarctic research p > DATA LIMITATIONS
What the sources say
- Supportedcites [3] Foden, W. B. et al. PLoS ONE 8, e65427 (2013). source
The Introduction (page unavailable) says habitat loss, over-exploitation and invasive species have largely driven extinctions, while climate change is becoming a significant new threat. It also reports projections of increased climate-related extinction risk within this century, including species potentially committed to extinction by 2050. Together, these support the claimed shift in the balance of threats over the coming decades. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passes- Supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“Finally, studies have shown Red List categorizations reflecting projected extinction risk from climate change to be more robust than was previously thought 6 .”
§ The forgotten women of Antarctic research p > DATA LIMITATIONS
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites [6] Keith, D. A. et al. Conserv. Biol. 28, 810–819 (2014). sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Introduction (page not supplied) describes earlier doubts about whether Red List criteria can detect climate-change extinction risk. The Factors influencing performance section reports that assessments for later in the twenty-first century were robust to missing data, but the study examined one amphibian species and cautions that early detection can depend on assessing criterion E. The claim overgeneralizes that qualified finding to Red List categorizations broadly. (LLM, conf=0.83)
Strength:boosted· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passes- Partly supported
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“Thankfully, there are effective tools and approaches to alleviate harm caused by overexploitation and agricultural activities 8 .”
§ The forgotten women of Antarctic research p > WHAT NEXT?
What the sources say
- Supportedcites [8] Hayward, M. W. Biodivers. Conserv. 20, 2563–2573 (2011). source
The Discussion says that threats from agriculture and hunting can be treated through site creation, restoration, reintroduction, legislation and effective site management. It also says effective legislation can counter over-hunting, while cautioning that these strategies are not guaranteed to work. (LLM, conf=0.91)
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“The comprehensively assessed groups included here are not a random sample from the tree of life 1 , but those that are generally better-studied.”
§ The forgotten women of Antarctic research p > DATA LIMITATIONS
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites [1] Brooks, T. M. et al. Sci. Data 3, 160007 (2016). sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Methods section lists particular taxonomic groups with comprehensive assessments and distinguishes them from a separate taxonomically stratified effort intended to be representative. The Data Records section says some assessed groups are better known than others, but it does not establish that comprehensively assessed groups are generally better studied than groups outside that selection. Page numbers are not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.81)
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passes- Partly supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“Climate change will become an increasingly dominant problem in the biodiversity crisis 3 .”
§ The forgotten women of Antarctic research p > WHAT NEXT?
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites [3] Foden, W. B. et al. PLoS ONE 8, e65427 (2013). sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Introduction (page unavailable) says climate change is becoming a significant new threat and describes substantial projected extinction risks. It does not say climate change will become a dominant threat relative to habitat loss, overexploitation and invasive species, which the Results identify as the current dominant stressors. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passes- Partly supported
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“But information on extinction risk has been gathered for only some 0.1% of the more than 50,000 species of fungi thought to exist.”
§ The forgotten women of Antarctic research p > DATA LIMITATIONS
Load-bearingStrength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Rests on an assumption: The IUCN Red List threat information is sufficiently accurate and complete to quantify the relative prevalence of current hazards to biodiversity.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“At the same time, unsustainable logging is contributing to the decline of more than 4,000 forest-dependent species, such as the Bornean wren-babbler (Ptilocichla leucogrammica), India's Nicobar shrew (Crocidura nicobarica), and the Myanmar snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus strykeri).”
§ The forgotten women of Antarctic research p > ON THE LIST
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passes- Rests on an assumption: The IUCN Red List threat information is sufficiently accurate and complete to quantify the relative prevalence of current hazards to biodiversity.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“And the Fresno kangaroo rat (Dipodomys nitratoides) and the African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) are two of more than 4,600 species currently under threat from land modification associated with the production of food, fodder or fuel crops.”
§ The forgotten women of Antarctic research p > ON THE LIST
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passes- Rests on an assumption: The IUCN Red List threat information is sufficiently accurate and complete to quantify the relative prevalence of current hazards to biodiversity.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“More than 80% of species analysed are harmed by more than one sub-class threat.”
- Also stated in: § DATA LIMITATIONS · plain
“In fact, more than 80% of the species included in our analysis are affected by more than one major threat.”
§ The forgotten women of Antarctic research p > ON THE LIST
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passes- Rests on an assumption: The IUCN Red List threat information is sufficiently accurate and complete to quantify the relative prevalence of current hazards to biodiversity.
- Also stated in: § DATA LIMITATIONS · plain
- Probably not a substantial claim. 5
- It may state two separate claims as one. 2
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“All known bird species have been assessed, for instance.”
§ The forgotten women of Antarctic research p > DATA LIMITATIONS
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✗ Based: failsProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: The IUCN Red List threat information is sufficiently accurate and complete to quantify the relative prevalence of current hazards to biodiversity.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Hooded seals (Cystophora cristata) are among the 1,688 species affected.”
§ The forgotten women of Antarctic research p > ON THE LIST
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Rests on an assumption: The IUCN Red List threat information is sufficiently accurate and complete to quantify the relative prevalence of current hazards to biodiversity.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Meanwhile, anthropogenic climate change -including increases in storms, flooding, extreme temperatures or drought that exceed background variability, as well as sea-level rise -is currently affecting 19% of species listed as threatened or near-threatened.”
§ The forgotten women of Antarctic research p > ON THE LIST
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Rests on an assumption: The IUCN Red List threat information is sufficiently accurate and complete to quantify the relative prevalence of current hazards to biodiversity.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“These have dropped in abundance by 90% in the northeastern Atlantic Arctic over the past few decades”
§ The forgotten women of Antarctic research p > ON THE LIST
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✗ Based: failsProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: The IUCN Red List threat information is sufficiently accurate and complete to quantify the relative prevalence of current hazards to biodiversity.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The expansion and intensification of agricultural activity is imperilling 5,407 species -62% of those listed as threatened or near-threatened.”
§ The forgotten women of Antarctic research p > ON THE LIST
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: The IUCN Red List threat information is sufficiently accurate and complete to quantify the relative prevalence of current hazards to biodiversity.
In the paper
“Because agricultural activity and overexploitation tend to occur in fertile places with naturally high levels of biodiversity 4 , the patterns emerging from our analysis probably extend to many of the other species that have not yet been assessed.”
§ The forgotten women of Antarctic research p > DATA LIMITATIONS
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [4] Anderson, B. J. et al. J. Appl. Ecol. 46, 888–896 (2009). source
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Yet we do not think that any of these caveats alter the overall message.”
§ The forgotten women of Antarctic research p > DATA LIMITATIONS
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✗ Checkable: fails✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
The paper relies on this without support.
The IUCN Red List threat information is sufficiently accurate and complete to quantify the relative prevalence of current hazards to biodiversity.
“To assess the relative prevalence of current hazards to biodiversity, we quantified threat information for 8,688 near-threatened or threatened species belonging to species groups in which all known species have been assessed”
The paper relies on this without support.
Healthy ecosystems are better repositories for carbon.
“Healthy ecosystems are better repositories for carbon.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Farming contributes substantially to greenhouse-gas emissions.
“Agriculture is a major driver of greenhouse-gas emissions, for example.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Human development and population growth will continue and increase the impacts of overexploitation and agricultural expansion.
“But human development and population growth mean that the impacts of overexploitation and agricultural expansion will also increase.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Hundreds of species and myriad populations are being driven to extinction every year (1–8).”
From Biological annihilation via the ongoing sixth mass extinction signaled by vertebrate population losses and declines (2017) · cites this paper as [5]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Combating climate change alone will not be enough to prevent—or possibly even slow—the further loss of biodiversity, unless damaging land/sea use change and direct exploitation are also tackled with similar ambition and determination (14, 27).”
From The direct drivers of recent global anthropogenic biodiversity loss (2022) · cites this paper as [14]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“2,298 species are adversely affected by biological invasions and diseases”
From Bending the curve of terrestrial biodiversity needs an integrated strategy (2020) · cites this paper as [5]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“and 1,688 by climate change”
From Bending the curve of terrestrial biodiversity needs an integrated strategy (2020) · cites this paper as [5]
In the citing paper
“With a growing and wealthier population, food demand will further increase, accentuating the negative impacts on biodiversity2,3.”
From Farming practices to enhance biodiversity across biomes: a systematic review (2024) · cites this paper as [2]
In the citing paper
“Food systems are a key driver of biodiversity loss worldwide (1).”
From Dietary species richness as a measure of food biodiversity and nutritional quality of diets (2018) · cites this paper as [1]
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Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
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BackgroundFuture threats to biodiversity and pathways to their prevention
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BackgroundThe impact of hunting on tropical mammal and bird populations
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BackgroundReductions in global biodiversity loss predicted from conservation spending
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BackgroundGlobal priorities for conserving the evolutionary history of sharks, rays and chimaeras
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BackgroundBeckmann, M., Gerstner, K., Akin‐Fajiye, M., Ceaușu, S., Kambach, S., Kinlock, N. L., Phillips, H. R. P., Verhagen, W., Gurevitch, J., Klotz, S., et al. (2019) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.14606 · Cited by 323
Island Biodiversity in the Anthropocene
Russell, J. C., & Kueffer, C. (2019) · Annual Review of Environment and Resources · doi:10.1146/annurev-environ-101718-033245 · Cited by 320
Expert perspectives on global biodiversity loss and its drivers and impacts on people
Isbell, F., Balvanera, P., Mori, A., He, J., Bullock, J. M., Regmi, G. R., Seabloom, E. W., Ferrier, S., Sala, O. E., Guerrero‐Ramírez, N. R., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment · doi:10.1002/fee.2536 · Cited by 367
“Globally, most species are threatened by multiple drivers of biodiversity loss (Maxwell et al .”
Projecting terrestrial biodiversity intactness with GLOBIO 4
Schipper, A. M., Hilbers, J. P., Meijer, J. R., Antão, L. H., Benítez‐López, A., de Jonge, M. M. J., Leemans, L. H., Scheper, E., Alkemade, R., Doelman, J., et al. (2019) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.14848 · Cited by 327
“This is line with other recent analyses that ranked pressures affecting community composition and spe‐ cies' populations (IPBES, 2019; Maxwell et al., 2016; Newbold, 2018).”
ResultInvasive alien species on islands: impacts, distribution, interactions and management
Russell, J. C., Meyer, J., Holmes, N. D., & Pagad, S. N. (2017) · Environmental Conservation · doi:10.1017/s0376892917000297 · Cited by 300
“We discuss the interactions of IASs with the other global change threats identified by Maxwell et al. (2016).”
BackgroundInfluentialThe environmental footprint of global food production
Halpern, B. S., Frazier, M. R., Verstaen, J., Rayner, P.-E., Clawson, G., Blanchard, J. L., Cottrell, R. S., Froehlich, H. E., Gephart, J. A., Jacobsen, N. S., et al. (2022) · Nature Sustainability · doi:10.1038/s41893-022-00965-x · Cited by 320
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“Land use is currently among the predominant pressures on biodiversity globally [4], with substantial net losses of species in land-use types dominated by human activities [5].”
BackgroundBiodiversity policy beyond economic growth
Otero, I., Farrell, K. N., Pueyo, S., Kallis, G., Kehoe, L. J., Haberl, H., Plutzar, C., Hobson, P., Márquez, J. R. G., Rodríguez‐Labajos, B., et al. (2020) · Conservation Letters · doi:10.1111/conl.12713 · Cited by 354
“…(Videira, Schneider, Sekulova, & Kallis, 2014)—and by limiting the expansion of large infrastructures, which not only enhance the extractive capacity of nations (Krausmann et al., 2017) but also represent a direct threat to biodiversity (Ibisch et al., 2016; Maxwell et al., 2016; Table S5 in SM2).”
BackgroundThe threat of invasive species to IUCN-listed critically endangered species: A systematic review
Duenas, M. A., Hemming, D. J., Roberts, A., & Díaz-Soltero, H. (2021) · Global Ecology and Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01476 · Cited by 258
A Global Mitigation Hierarchy for Nature Conservation
Arlidge, W. N. S., Bull, J. W., Addison, P., Burgass, M. J., Gianuca, D., Gorham, T., Jacob, C., Shumway, N., Sinclair, S. P., Watson, J. E. M., et al. (2018) · BioScience · doi:10.1093/biosci/biy029 · Cited by 303
“The direct extraction of biological resources is the dominant driver of current species loss (Maxwell et al. 2016), but the practical application of the mitigation hierarchy to the biological resource use sectors has received little attention (but see Aiama et al.”
BackgroundSelf-citationBiodiversity–multifunctionality relationships depend on identity and number of measured functions
Meyer, S. T., Ptáčník, R., Hillebrand, H., Beßler, H., Buchmann, N., Ebeling, A., Eisenhauer, N., Engels, C., Fischer, M., Halle, S., et al. (2017) · Nature Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1038/s41559-017-0391-4 · Cited by 272
Proactive conservation to prevent habitat losses to agricultural expansion
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Agroforestry Can Enhance Food Security While Meeting Other Sustainable Development Goals
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Quantifying Biodiversity Losses Due to Human Consumption: A Global-Scale Footprint Analysis
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Self-citationDietary species richness as a measure of food biodiversity and nutritional quality of diets
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“F systems are a key driver of biodiversity loss worldwide (1).”
BackgroundImpacts of wildlife trade on terrestrial biodiversity
Morton, O., Scheffers, B. R., Haugaasen, T., & Edwards, D. P. (2021) · Nature Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1038/s41559-021-01399-y · Cited by 246
A global map of terrestrial habitat types
Jung, M., Dahal, P. R., Butchart, S. H. M., Donald, P. F., Lamo, X. D., Lesiv, M., Kapos, V., Rondinini, C., & Visconti, P. (2020) · Scientific Data · doi:10.1038/s41597-020-00599-8 · Cited by 255
An inconvenient misconception: Climate change is not the principal driver of biodiversity loss
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Global mismatch of policy and research on drivers of biodiversity loss
Mazor, T., Doropoulos, C., Schwarzmueller, F., Gladish, D. W., Kumaran, N., Merkel, K., Di Marco, M., & Gagic, V. (2018) · Nature Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1038/s41559-018-0563-x · Cited by 228
Thousands of reptile species threatened by under-regulated global trade
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Worldwide research trends on sustainable land use in agriculture
Sánchez, J. Á. A., Rodríguez, M. P., Muñoz, J. F. V., & Manzano-Agugliaro, F. R. (2019) · Land Use Policy · doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104069 · Cited by 252
Messaging matters: A systematic review of the conservation messaging literature
Kidd, L. R., Garrard, G. E., Bekessy, S. A., Mills, M., Camilleri, A. R., Fidler, F. M., Fielding, K. S., Gordon, A., Gregg, E. A., Kusmanoff, A. M., et al. (2019) · Biological Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2019.05.020 · Cited by 244
Environmental destruction not avoided with the Sustainable Development Goals
Zeng, Y., Maxwell, S., Runting, R. K., Venter, O., Watson, J. E. M., & Carrasco, L. R. (2020) · Nature Sustainability · doi:10.1038/s41893-020-0555-0 · Cited by 235
Self-citationSymes, W. S., Edwards, D. P., Miettinen, J., Rheindt, F. E., & Carrasco, L. R. (2018) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-018-06579-2 · Cited by 233
The ecological outcomes of biodiversity offsets under “no net loss” policies: A global review
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The global decline of cheetah Acinonyx jubatus and what it means for conservation
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“…in threat assessment are particularly problematic for large terrestrial mammals, which can be especially vulnerable to anthropogenic impacts, such as habitat loss and fragmentation, human – wildlife conflict, illegal wildlife trade, and overharvesting for bushmeat or traditional use (5 – 7).”
Avoiding ocean mass extinction from climate warming
Penn, J. L., & Deutsch, C. A. (2022) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abe9039 · Cited by 226
The global extent of biodiversity offset implementation under no net loss policies
Bull, J. W., & Strange, N. (2018) · Nature Sustainability · doi:10.1038/s41893-018-0176-z · Cited by 202
“We excluded any so-called offset projects that were not associated, either explicitly or implicitly, with an NNL objective; that is, they: (1) provide additional substitution or replacement for unavoidable negative impacts of human activity on biodiversity; (2) involve measurable, comparable biodiversity losses and ga…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialPeng, Z., Qian, X., Liu, Y., Li, X., Gao, H., An, Y., Qi, J., Jiang, L., Zhang, Y., Chen, S., et al. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-47348-8 · Cited by 220
Using conservation science to advance corporate biodiversity accountability
Addison, P., Bull, J. W., & Milner‐Gulland, E. J. (2018) · Conservation Biology · doi:10.1111/cobi.13190 · Cited by 209
“…where it is needed most: helping hone attention to operations that pose the greatest impact on biodiversity (e.g., agriculture and extractives; Maxwell et al. 2016); and direct corporate action in conservation priority areas by avoiding impacting the most threatened species and ecosystems…”
BackgroundPe’er, G., Zinngrebe, Y. M., Hauck, J., Schindler, S., Dittrich, A., Zingg, S., Tscharntke, T., Oppermann, R., Sutcliffe, L., Sirami, C., et al. (2016) · Conservation Letters · doi:10.1111/conl.12333 · Cited by 212
“The ongoing decline in biodiversity in and around farmland is a source of major concern both in Europe (EEA 2015) and globally (Maxwell et al. 2016).”
BackgroundWoinarski, J. C. Z., Braby, M. F., Burbidge, A. A., Coates, D., Garnett, S. T., Fensham, R. J., Legge, S., McKenzie, N. L., Silcock, J. L., & Murphy, B. P. (2019) · Biological Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2019.108261 · Cited by 204
Püttker, T., Crouzeilles, R., Almeida‐Gomes, M., Schmoeller, M., Maurenza, D., Alves-Pinto, H., Pardini, R., Vieira, M. V., Banks-Leite, C., Fonseca, C. R., et al. (2019) · Biological Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2019.108368 · Cited by 199
Overcoming the Data Crisis in Biodiversity Conservation
Kindsvater, H. K., Dulvy, N. K., Horswill, C., Juan‐Jordá, M. J., Mangel, M., & Matthiopoulos, J. (2018) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.tree.2018.06.004 · Cited by 209
Biodiversity conservation through the lens of metacommunity ecology
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Are we eating the world's megafauna to extinction?
Ripple, W. J., Wolf, C., Newsome, T. M., Betts, M. G., Ceballos, G., Courchamp, F., Hayward, M. W., Valkenburgh, B. V., Wallach, A. D., & Worm, B. (2019) · Conservation Letters · doi:10.1111/conl.12627 · Cited by 219
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“This is likely to divert funds and efforts away from more immediate conservation priorities (Maxwell et al., 2016).”
BackgroundWatson, J. E. M., Jones, K. R., Fuller, R. A., Marco, M. D., Segan, D. B., Butchart, S. H. M., Allan, J. R., McDonald‐Madden, E., & Venter, O. (2016) · Conservation Letters · doi:10.1111/conl.12295 · Cited by 197
“We note that the presence of a human pressure and its actual impact on biodiversity is assumed, but these pressures are considered among the greatest threats to biodiversity (Maxwell et al. 2016), and previous analyses have shown the Human Footprint is an important predictor of extinction risk (Di Marco et al.”
ResultSelf-citationGlobal correlates of range contractions and expansions in terrestrial mammals
Pacifici, M., Rondinini, C., Rhodes, J. R., Burbidge, A. A., Cristiano, A., Watson, J. E. M., Woinarski, J. C. Z., & Di Marco, M. (2020) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-020-16684-w · Cited by 197
Self-citationHorváth, Z., Ptáčník, R., Vad, C. F., & Chase, J. M. (2019) · Ecology Letters · doi:10.1111/ele.13260 · Cited by 192
“Habitat loss and fragmentation are among the most important causes of decline in global biodiversity (Wilson 1988; Hanski 2005; Millennium Ecosystem Assessment 2005; Maxwell et al. 2016).”
BackgroundHotspots of human impact on threatened terrestrial vertebrates
Allan, J. R., Watson, J. E. M., Marco, M. D., O’Bryan, C. J., Possingham, H. P., Atkinson, S., & Venter, O. (2019) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000158 · Cited by 195
“Although these do not include all threats to species, they do include all of the most prevalent drivers of global biodiversity decline [4].”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationDecoupling livestock from land use through industrial feed production pathways
Pikaar, I., Matassa, S., Bodirsky, B. L., Weindl, I., Humpenöder, F., Rabaey, K., Boon, N., Bruschi, M., Yuan, Z., van Zanten, H., et al. (2018) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.8b00216 · Cited by 186
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“It has been estimated to affect a fifth of Red List Threatened species (12) and, coupled with habitat degradation, has led to widespread defaunation and extinctions (13, 14).”
A multitrophic perspective on biodiversity–ecosystem functioning research
Eisenhauer, N., Schielzeth, H., Barnes, A. D., Barry, K. E., Bonn, A., Brose, U., Bruelheide, H., Buchmann, N., Buscot, F., Ebeling, A., et al. (2019) · Advances in ecological research/Advances in Ecological Research · doi:10.1016/bs.aecr.2019.06.001 · Cited by 198
Ecosystem consequences of herbicides: the role of microbiome
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Global effects of land use on biodiversity differ among functional groups
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“This result 295 could be a signal of hunting by humans, which is a major pressure particularly on vertebrate 296 biodiversity (Maxwell et al., 2016), and which may be facilitated by the increased 297 accessibility to human-used areas.”
BackgroundRange size predicts the risk of local extinction from habitat loss
Staude, I. R., Navarro, L. M., & Pereira, H. M. (2019) · Global Ecology and Biogeography · doi:10.1111/geb.13003 · Cited by 175
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“Land-use changes and the direct exploitation of natural resources are the determining factors of the current biodiversity crisis (Maxwell et al., 2016), threatening biodiversity and the essential ecosystem functions and services that underpin human wellbeing (Newbold et al.”
BackgroundEffects of anthropogenic disturbances on bird functional diversity: A global meta-analysis
Matuoka, M. A., Benchimol, M., de Almeida‐Rocha, J. M., & Morante‐Filho, J. C. (2020) · Ecological Indicators · doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106471 · Cited by 181
Recent increases in human pressure and forest loss threaten many Natural World Heritage Sites
Allan, J. R., Venter, O., Maxwell, S., Bertzky, B., Jones, K. R., Shi, Y., & Watson, J. E. M. (2016) · Biological Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2016.12.011 · Cited by 173
Self-citationMadagascar’s extraordinary biodiversity: Threats and opportunities
Ralimanana, H., Perrigo, A., Smith, R. J., Borrell, J. S., Faurby, S., Rajaonah, M. T., Randriamboavonjy, T., Vorontsova, M. S., Cooke, R., Phelps, L. N., et al. (2022) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.adf1466 · Cited by 175
The Necessity of Multitrophic Approaches in Community Ecology
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Adapting systematic conservation planning for climate change
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“Conservation measures are currently inadequate for stemming biodiversity decline, and many of the threats to biodiversity are ongoing (Maxwell et al. 2016; Visconti et al. 2016).”
BackgroundBiodiversity conservation as a promising frontier for behavioural science
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Astaxanthin: Past, Present, and Future
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Further evidence for a global decline of the entomofauna
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“Other sources of evidence suggest that insect declines are likely to be more dramatic in tropical regions (Janzen and Hallwachs 2019), where rampant deforestation and surging levels of pesticide use in agriculture certainly exert disproportionately negative impacts on insect populations (Pretty and Bharucha 2015; Maxw…”
BackgroundRanking threats to biodiversity and why it doesn’t matter
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Final countdown for biodiversity hotspots
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Assessing consumer trends and illegal activity by monitoring the online wildlife trade
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Exploiting ecosystem services in agriculture for increased food security
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Achieving conservation impact by shifting focus from human attitudes to behaviors
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“Illegal wildlife trade, deforestation, and unsustainable exploitation of natural resources are just some examples of human activities that threaten biodiversity (Maxwell et al. 2016).”
BackgroundPrévot, A., Cheval, H., Raymond, R., & Cosquer, A. (2018) · Biological Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2018.07.008 · Cited by 147
Anthropogenic range contractions bias species climate change forecasts
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“For distance-based criteria, the pseudo-absences were categorized as either (1) cells without a presence record, (2) cells without any records or whose center was part of the range polygon (with the IUCN ranges used for current range and ranges from ref.”
MethodClimate change drives mountain butterflies towards the summits
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Metadata
- Authors
- Maxwell, S. L., Fuller, R. A., Brooks, T. M., & Watson, J. E. M.
- Affiliations
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- International Union for Conservation of Nature (CH)
- Wildlife Conservation Society (US)
- Corresponding author
- Maxwell, Sean L.
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2016-08-10
- Volume
- 536
- Issue
- 7615
- Pages
- 143-145
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W2510388658
- Cited by
- 1,979
- References
- 10
- Citations by year
- 2026: 143 · 2025: 231 · 2024: 250 · 2023: 218 · 2022: 256 · 2021: 240 · 2020: 218 · 2019: 184 · 2018: 128 · 2017: 92 · 2016: 19
- FWCI
- 121.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Nature and Landscape Conservation › Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Keywords
- biodiversity loss, extinction drivers, IUCN Red List, species endangerment
- MeSH terms
- Agriculture, Animals, Cities, Firearms, Human Activities, Population Dynamics, Extinction, Biological, Endangered Species, Climate Change, Environmental Policy
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