BCL-2 family member BOK is widely expressed but its loss has only minimal impact in mice
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BOK/MTD was discovered as a protein that binds to the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family member MCL-1 and shares extensive amino-acid sequence similarity to BAX and BAK, which are essential for the effector phase of apoptosis. Therefore, and on the basis of its reported expression pattern, BOK is thought to function in a BAX/BAK-like pro-apoptotic manner in female reproductive tissues. In order to determine the function of BOK, we examined its expression in diverse tissues and investigated the consequences of its loss in Bok(-/-) mice. We confirmed that Bok mRNA is prominently expressed in the ovaries and uterus, but also observed that it is present at readily detectable levels in several other tissues such as the brain and myeloid cells. Bok(-/-) mice were produced at the expected Mendelian ratio, appeared outwardly normal and proved fertile. Histological examination revealed that major organs in Bok(-/-) mice displayed no morphological aberrations. Although several human cancers have somatically acquired copy number loss of the Bok gene and BOK is expressed in B lymphoid cells, we found that its deficiency did not accelerate lymphoma development in Eμ-Myc transgenic mice. Collectively, these results indicate that Bok may have a role that largely overlaps with that of other members of the Bcl-2 family, or may have a function restricted to specific stress stimuli and/or tissues.
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Bok−/−, Bax−/−Bok−/− as well as Bak1−/−Bok−/− mice display no obvious abnormalities (except for persistence of primordial follicle oocytes in aged Bax−/−Bok−/− females).
“Of note, Bok−/−, Bax−/−Bok−/− as well as Bak1−/−Bok−/− mice display no obvious abnormalities (except for persistence of primordial follicle oocytes in aged Bax−/−Bok−/− females) [154, 155]”
From Molecular mechanisms of cell death: recommendations of the nomenclature committee on cell death 2018. (2018) · cites this paper as [154]
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Self-citationGetting away with murder: how does the BCL‐2 family of proteins kill with immunity?
Renault, T. T., & Chipuk, J. E. (2013) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/nyas.12045 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Ke, F., Holloway, S., Uren, R. T., Wong, A. W., Little, M. H., Kluck, R. M., Voss, A. K., & Strasser, A. (2022) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.15252/embj.2021110300 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Self-citationSubtle Changes in the Levels of BCL-2 Proteins Cause Severe Craniofacial Abnormalities
Grabow, S., Kueh, A. J., Ke, F., Vanyai, H. K., Sheikh, B. N., Dengler, M. A., Chiang, W., Eccles, S., Smyth, I., Jones, L. K., et al. (2018) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2018.08.048 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationBcl‐2 proteins in development, health, and disease of the hematopoietic system
Kollek, M., Müller, A., Egle, A., & Erlacher, M. (2016) · FEBS Journal · doi:10.1111/febs.13683 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
BOK promotes chemical-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in mice
Rabachini, T., Fernández‐Marrero, Y., Montani, M., Loforese, G., Sladky, V. C., He, Z., Bachmann, D., Wicki, S., Villunger, A., Stroka, D., et al. (2017) · Cell Death and Differentiation · doi:10.1038/s41418-017-0008-0 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Self-citationKe, F., Grabow, S., Kelly, G. L., Lin, C., O’Reilly, L. A., & Strasser, A. (2015) · Cell Death and Disease · doi:10.1038/cddis.2015.304 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Self-citationIs BOK required for apoptosis induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress?
Fernández‐Marrero, Y., Ke, F., Echeverry, N., Bouillet, P., Bachmann, D., Strasser, A., & Kaufmann, T. (2016) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1516347113 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationThe BAX/BAK-like protein BOK is a prognostic marker in colorectal cancer
Carberry, S., D’Orsi, B., Monsefi, N., Salvucci, M., Bacon, O., Fay, J., Rehm, M., McNamara, D. A., Kay, E. W., & Prehn, J. H. M. (2018) · Cell Death and Disease · doi:10.1038/s41419-017-0140-2 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
The BCL-2 pro-survival protein A1 is dispensable for T cell homeostasis on viral infection
Tuzlak, S., Schenk, R. L., Vasanthakumar, A., Preston, S., Haschka, M. D., Zotos, D., Kallies, A., Strasser, A., Villunger, A., & Herold, M. J. (2017) · Cell Death and Differentiation · doi:10.1038/cdd.2016.155 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Self-citationModeling apoptosis resistance in CHO cells with CRISPR‐mediated knockouts of Bak1, Bax, and Bok
MacDonald, M. A., Barry, C. P., Groves, T., Martínez, V. S., Gray, P. P., Baker, K. N., Shave, E., Mahler, S. M., Munro, T. P., Marcellin, E., et al. (2022) · Biotechnology and Bioengineering · doi:10.1002/bit.28062 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
BOK displays cell death‐independent tumor suppressor activity in non‐small‐cell lung carcinoma
Moravčíková, E., Krepela, E., Donnenberg, V. S., Donnenberg, A. D., Benková, K., Rabachini, T., Fernández‐Marrero, Y., Bachmann, D., & Kaufmann, T. (2017) · International Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1002/ijc.30906 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Self-citationde Meis, J., de Albuquerque, J. B., dos Santos, D. S., Farias-de-Oliveira, D. A., Berbert, L. R., Cotta-de-Almeida, V., & Savino, W. (2013) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2013.00216 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Targeting the apoptosis pathway to treat tumours of the paediatric nervous system
Fitzgerald, M.-C., O’Halloran, P. J., Connolly, N. M. C., & Murphy, B. M. (2022) · Cell Death and Disease · doi:10.1038/s41419-022-04900-y · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Glucocorticoids can induce BIM to trigger apoptosis in the absence of BAX and BAK1
Li, D., & Vaux, D. L. (2020) · Cell Death and Disease · doi:10.1038/s41419-020-2599-5 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
The Mysteries around the BCL-2 Family Member BOK
Shalaby, R., Flores‐Romero, H., & García‐Sáez, A. J. (2020) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom10121638 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Physiological Functions of Mcl-1: Insights From Genetic Mouse Models
Chin, H. S., & Fu, N. Y. (2021) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2021.704547 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Regulation of Oocyte Apoptosis: A View from Gene Knockout Mice
Kaur, S., & Kurokawa, M. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms24021345 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Critical B-lymphoid cell intrinsic role of endogenous MCL-1 in c-MYC-induced lymphomagenesis
Grabow, S., Kelly, G. L., Delbridge, A. R. D., Kelly, P. N., Bouillet, P., Adams, J. M., & Strasser, A. (2016) · Cell Death and Disease · doi:10.1038/cddis.2016.43 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Self-citationModulation of Cell Death in Age-Related Diseases
Tezil, T., & Başağa, H. (2014) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/13816128113196660702 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Soond, S. M., Kozhevnikova, M. V., Savvateeva, L. V., Townsend, P. A., & Zamyatnin, A. A. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22094669 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Identification of the Bok Interactome Using Proximity Labeling
Szczesniak, L. M., Bonzerato, C. G., & Wojcikiewicz, R. J. H. (2021) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2021.689951 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
BOK-engaged mitophagy alleviates neuropathology in Alzheimer’s disease
Yang, Y., Chen, H., Huang, S., Chen, H., Verkhratsky, A., Niu, J., Qu, Y., & Yi, C. (2024) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awae241 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Chaurasia, M. K., Palanisamy, R., Harikrishnan, R., Arasu, M. V., Al-Dhabi, N. A., & Arockiaraj, J. (2015) · Fish & Shellfish Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2015.04.031 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Modeling the function of BAX and BAK in early human brain development using iPSC-derived systems
Joshi, P. K., Bodnya, C., Rasmussen, M. L., Romero-Morales, A. I., Bright, A., & Gama, V. (2020) · Cell Death and Disease · doi:10.1038/s41419-020-03002-x · Cited by 16 · see citing works
The BCL-2 family member BOK promotes KRAS-driven lung cancer progression in a p53-dependent manner
Meinhardt, A.-L., Munkhbaatar, E., Höckendorf, U., Dietzen, M., Dechant, M., Anton, M., Jacob, A., Steiger, K., Weichert, W., Brčić, L., et al. (2022) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/s41388-021-02161-1 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Self-citationBok: real killer or bystander with non-apoptotic roles?
Bonzerato, C. G., & Wojcikiewicz, R. J. H. (2023) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2023.1161910 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
A Glimpse of Programmed Cell Death Among Bacteria, Animals, and Plants
Zhuang, J., Xie, L., & Zheng, L. (2022) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2021.790117 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
BOK: Oddball of the BCL-2 Family
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BOK controls ER proteostasis and physiological ER stress responses in neurons
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Valent, L., & Strasser, A. (2013) · Biodiscovery · doi:10.7750/biodiscovery.2013.8.3 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citationMartínez-Pérez, A., Igea, A., Estévez, O., Ferreira, C. M., Torrado, E., Castro, A. G., Fernández, C., Spetz, A., Adam, L., González, M. L., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.589863 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
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BOK promotes erythropoiesis in a mouse model of myelodysplastic syndrome
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Lessons from Using Genetically Engineered Mouse Models of MYC-Induced Lymphoma
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There is something about BOK we just don't get yet
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Cell Biology: ERADicating Survival with BOK
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Self-citationThe programmed death of fetal oocytes and the correlated surveillance mechanisms
Zhou, J., Wang, W., Xia, G., & Wang, C. (2022) · Reproductive and Developmental Medicine · doi:10.1097/rd9.0000000000000016 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
- Authors
- Ke, F., Voss, A., Kerr, J. B., O'Reilly, L. A., Tai, L., Echeverry, N., Bouillet, P., Strasser, A., & Kaufmann, T.
- Affiliations
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (AU)
- The University of Melbourne (AU)
- Monash University (AU)
- University of Bern (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Strasser, A
- Venue
- Cell Death & Differentiation
- Published
- 2012-01-27
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 915-925
- ISSN
- 1350-9047 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-5403
- PMC
- PMC3354060
- OpenAlex
- W2013268562
- Cited by
- 113
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 3.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- erratum (2012-12-10)
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Cell Death and Differentiation (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Bern Open Repository and Information System (University of Bern) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- Leukemia and Lymphoma Society
- Leukemia Research Foundation
- Australian Government
- Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (119203)
- National Institutes of Health
- Stanford Institute for Research in the Social Sciences
- Medical Research Council (461221)
- National Health and Medical Research Council (461221)
- National Cancer Institute (R01CA043540, CA 43540)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Cell death mechanisms and regulation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer-related Molecular Pathways
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Keywords
- BOK, Bcl-2 family proteins, apoptosis, Bax/Bak, Mcl-1, tissue expression, female reproductive tissues, ovarian development, uterus, fertility, lymphoma, Eμ-myc transgenic mice, B cells, stress-induced cell death
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Female, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Transgenic, Ovary, RNA, Messenger, Uterus, T-Lymphocyte Subsets, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc, Apoptosis, Mice, Knockout, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2, Myeloid Cells, Mice
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