Endocytosis unplugged: Multiple ways to enter the cell

Kumari, Sudha; MG, Swetha; Mayor, Satyajit

doi:10.1038/cr.2010.19

Cited by 599Cellular transport and secretionAutophagy in Disease and TherapyCaveolin-1 and cellular processes

Endocytosis unplugged: Multiple ways to enter the cell

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Kumari, Sudha, MG, Swetha, Mayor, Satyajit·2010·Cell Research

DOI 10.1038/cr.2010.19PMC PMC7091825

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Abstract

Endocytosis occurs at the cell surface and involves internalization of the plasma membrane (PM) along with its constituent membrane proteins and lipids. Endocytosis is involved in sampling of the extracellular milieu and also serves to regulate various processes initiated at the cell surface. These include nutrient uptake, signaling from cell-surface receptors, and many other processes essential for cell and tissue functioning in metazoans. It is also central to the maintenance of PM lipid and protein homeostasis. There are multiple means of internalization that operate concurrently, at the cell surface. With advancement in high-resolution visualization techniques, it is now possible to track multiple endocytic cargo at the same time, revealing a remarkable diversity of endocytic processes in a single cell. A combination of live cell imaging and efficient genetic manipulations has also aided in understanding the functional hierarchy of molecular players in these mechanisms of internalization. Here we provide an account of various endocytic routes, their mechanisms of operation and occurrence across phyla.

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Given the physiological size of melanosomes (0.3-0.5 μm in diameter), only macropinocytosis and phagocytosis are predicted to allow internalization of such large cargo.
“Given the physiological size of melanosomes (0.3–0.5 μm in diameter), only macropinocytosis and phagocytosis are predicted to allow the internalization of such large cargo [ 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 ].”
From Melanin's Journey from Melanocytes to Keratinocytes: Uncovering the Molecular Mechanisms of Melanin Transfer and Processing (2023) · cites this paper as [53]
The Introduction says particles larger than 500 nm typically enter through phagocytosis or macropinocytosis, but cargo below 500 nm can enter through other endocytic pathways. The claimed melanosome range of 0.3–0.5 μm is not above that threshold, so the paper does not support—and its size distinction runs against—the prediction that only those two pathways can internalize them. The paper does not give a physiological melanosome size. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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Authors: Kumari, S., MG, S., & Mayor, S.
Corresponding author: Mayor, Satyajit
ORCID: Kumari, Sudha
Mayor, Satyajit
Venue: Cell Research
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2010-02-02
Volume: 20
Issue: 3
Pages: 256-275
ISSN: 1001-0602 (ISSN-L)
1748-7838
DOI: 10.1038/cr.2010.19
PMC: PMC7091825
OpenAlex: W2170248971
Cited by: 599
References: 186
Citations by year: 2026: 17 · 2025: 44 · 2024: 45 · 2023: 49 · 2022: 64 · 2021: 73 · 2020: 40 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 40 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 37 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 21
FWCI: 2.40
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Cell Research (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular transport and secretion
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Caveolin-1 and cellular processes
Keywords: endocytosis, plasma membrane internalization, cell surface, nutrient uptake, receptor signaling, membrane lipid homeostasis, live-cell imaging, genetic engineering
MeSH terms: Actins, Animals, Cell Membrane, Clathrin, Cytoskeleton, Endocytosis, Receptors, Cell Surface, Signal Transduction, Caveolins, Dynamins

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Endocytosis unplugged: Multiple ways to enter the cell

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