The interactive effect of hunger and impulsivity on food intake and purchase in a virtual supermarket
Open accessAbstract
Objective It has been shown repeatedly that impulsivity, obesity and food intake are related; obese people are more impulsive than lean people and impulsive people eat more than less impulsive people. The relation between impulsivity and food intake might be state dependent; hunger motivates food seeking behaviour and food consumption, especially of high caloric food. Difficulties to overrule automatic behavioural tendencies might make impulsive people more susceptible to the effects of hunger on food selection. Therefore, they are expected to increase their intake more than low impulsive people when feeling hungry. STUDY 1: Fifty-seven female participants were randomly assigned to a hunger or sated condition. Response inhibition (a measure of impulsivity) and food intake were measured. Results show that impulsive participants ate significantly more, but only when feeling hungry. STUDY 2: Ninety-four undergraduate students participated. Hunger, response inhibition and the purchase of food in a virtual supermarket were measured. The same interaction was found: impulsive participants bought most calories, especially from snack food, but only when feeling hungry.Conclusion Hunger and impulsivity interact in their influence on consumption. These data suggest that reducing hunger during calorie restricting diets is important for successful weight loss, particularly for the impulsive dieters.
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Impulsivity makes more susceptible to overeating after contextual appetitive conditioning
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External eating mediates the relationship between impulsivity and unhealthy food intake
Kakoschke, N., Kemps, E., & Tiggemann, M. (2015) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.04.030 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
The Built Environment Moderates Effects of Family-Based Childhood Obesity Treatment over 2 Years
Epstein, L. H., Raja, S., Daniel, T. O., Paluch, R. A., Wilfley, D. E., Saelens, B. E., & Roemmich, J. N. (2012) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12160-012-9383-4 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
“Easy access to convenience stores or supermarkets highlights the impact that food availability can have on obesity treatment, and for people who overeat due to easy food availability, intervention components may be needed to alter shopping behavior, travel patterns, and to reduce impulsive shopping [41].”
Nederkoorn, C., Havermans, R. C., Giesen, J. C. A. H., & Jansen, A. T. M. (2011) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2011.03.002 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
“Nederkoorn et al. / Appetite 56 (2011) 760–765 761”
Gardner, B., Rebar, A. L., & Lally, P. J. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.041 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Carbine, K. A., Duraccio, K. M., Kirwan, C. B., Muncy, N. M., LeCheminant, J. D., & Larson, M. J. (2017) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.11.008 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Wiss, D. A., Avena, N., & Gold, M. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12113521 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
“Impulsivity hinders inhibitory control and is associated with increased intake of food [80] and drugs [81], often heightened in response to novel stimuli [82].”
BackgroundFood Cue Reactivity, Obesity, and Impulsivity: Are They Associated?
van den Akker, K., Stewart, K., Antoniou, E. E., Palmberg, A. A., & Jansen, A. T. M. (2014) · Current Addiction Reports · doi:10.1007/s40429-014-0038-3 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Good practice in food-related neuroimaging
Smeets, P. A. M., Dagher, A., Hare, T. A., Kullmann, S., van der Laan, L. N., Poldrack, R. A., Preissl, H. T., Small, D. M., Stice, E. M., & Veldhuizen, M. G. (2018) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqy344 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Different subtypes of impulsivity differentiate uncontrolled eating and dietary restraint
Leitch, M., Morgan, M. J., & Yeomans, M. R. (2013) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2013.05.007 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Changing Behavior Using Social Cognitive Theory
Łuszczyńska, A., & Schwarzer, R. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.003 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Coumans, J. M. J., Danner, U. N., Intemann, T., Decker, A. D., Hadjigeorgiou, C. A., Hunsberger, M. L., Moreno, L. A., Russo, P., Stomfai, S., Veidebaum, T., et al. (2017) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2017.12.018 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Dietary Behaviours, Impulsivity and Food Involvement: Identification of Three Consumer Segments
Sarmugam, R., & Worsley, A. F. (2015) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu7095379 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Verhulst, A., Normand, J., Lombart, C., & Moreau, G. (2017) · IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR) · doi:10.1109/vr.2017.7892231 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
“In [19], Nederkoorn et al. used a scenario and a web-based non-virtual (using a picture of a real typical food item per category of product) supermarket to study how hunger and impulse could impact customers purchase of food.”
Impulsivity and overeating in children in the absence and presence of hunger
Nederkoorn, C., Dassen, F. C. M., Franken, L., Resch, C., & Houben, K. (2015) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2015.03.032 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
“Based on the previous finding that impulsive participants especially overeat high energydense (HED) foods (Nederkoorn et al., 2009), we expect that high impulsive children eat particularly more HED foods, compared to low impulsive children.”
Huitink, M., Poelman, M. P., van den Eynde, E., Seidell, J. C., & Dijkstra, S. C. (2020) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2020.104655 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Food preference and intake in response to ambient odours in overweight and normal-weight females
Zoon, H. F. A., He, W., de Wijk, R. A., de Graaf, C., & Boesveldt, S. (2014) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.05.026 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Warner, L. M., & French, D. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.032 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Wyckoff, E. P., Evans, B. C., Manasse, S. M., Butryn, M. L., & Forman, E. M. (2016) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2016.12.039 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Changing Behavior Using Ecological Models
Salmon, J., Hesketh, K. D., Arundell, L., Downing, K. L., & Biddle, S. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.017 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Limbers, C. A., & Young, D. A. (2015) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/1359105315573470 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
“In a separate investigation, they found only participants with low inhibition who felt moderately hungry at the time of a taste test engaged in overeating (Nederkoorn et al., 2009).”
BackgroundHorwath, C. C., Hagmann, D., & Hartmann, C. (2020) · Eating Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2020.101393 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Zahedi, A., Rahman, R. A., Stürmer, B., & Sommer, W. (2019) · Journal of Experimental Psychology General · doi:10.1037/xge0000574 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Giesen, J. C. A. H., Havermans, R. C., Nederkoorn, C., & Jansen, A. T. M. (2011) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2011.09.026 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
“After the stop signal task, participants were instructed to buy groceries in an internet supermarket task (Nederkoorn et al., 2009).”
The effect of combined avoidance and control training on implicit food evaluation and choice.
Kakoschke, N., Kemps, E., & Tiggemann, M. (2017) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2017.01.002 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Yoshizaki, T., Komatsu, T., Tada, Y., Hida, A., Kawano, Y., & Togo, F. (2018) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.1080/07420528.2017.1410169 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Lebens, H., Roefs, A., Martijn, C., Houben, K., Nederkoorn, C., & Jansen, A. (2011) · Eating Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2011.07.001 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
“A positive and negative unipolar high-fat sc-IAT and the virtual supermarket task (VST; Nederkoorn et al., 2009) were used to assess associations with high-fat foods and food consumer behaviour.”
MethodChanging Behavior Using Self-Determination Theory
Hagger, M. S., Hankonen, N. E., Chatzisarantis, N. L. D., & Ryan, R. M. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.008 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Social modeling of food purchases at supermarkets in teenage girls
Bevelander, K. E., Anschütz, D. J., & Engels, R. C. M. E. (2011) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2011.04.005 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Psychological Co-morbidities of Physical Illness
Pagoto, S. (2011) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0029-6 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Hunger effects on option quality for hedonic and utilitarian food products
Otterbring, T., Folwarczny, M., & Gidlöf, K. (2022) · Food Quality and Preference · doi:10.1016/j.foodqual.2022.104693 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Inhibitory control as a potential treatment target for obesity
de Klerk, M. T., Smeets, P. A. M., & la Fleur, S. E. (2022) · Nutritional Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/1028415x.2022.2053406 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
“It was observed that low inhibitory control causes overeating and weight gain in NW, accompanied by reduced activation of inhibitory control areas in the brain (parts of the DLPFC) [13,30,31].”
BackgroundResultPlanning and Implementation Intention Interventions
Rhodes, R. E., Grant, S. J., & de Bruijn, G. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.039 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Attitudes and Persuasive Communication Interventions
Hamilton, K., & Johnson, B. T. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.031 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Changing Behavior Using Habit Theory
Orbell, S., & Verplanken, B. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.013 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
van der Waal, N. E., Janssen, L., Antheunis, M. L., Culleton, E., & van der Laan, L. N. (2020) · Food Quality and Preference · doi:10.1016/j.foodqual.2020.104167 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Associations between inhibitory control, eating behaviours and adiposity in 6-year-old children
Fogel, A. M., McCrickerd, K., Goh, A. T., Fries, L. R., Chong, Y. S., Tan, K. H., Yap, F. K. P., Shek, L. P., Meaney, M. J., Cai, S., et al. (2019) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/s41366-019-0343-y · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Changing Behavior: A Theory- and Evidence-Based Approach
Hagger, M. S., Cameron, L. D., Hamilton, K., Hankonen, N. E., & Lintunen, T. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.001 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Implicit bias to food and body cues in eating disorders: a systematic review
Paslakis, G., Scholz-Hehn, A. D., Sommer, L. M., & Kühn, S. (2020) · Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia Bulimia and Obesity · doi:10.1007/s40519-020-00974-9 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Spitoni, G. F., Ottaviani, C., Petta, A. M., Zingaretti, P., Aragona, M., Sarnicola, A., & Antonucci, G. (2017) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2017.04.001 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Tarrant, M., Haslam, C., Carter, M., Calitri, R., & Haslam, S. A. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.044 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Hall, P. A., Lowe, C. J., & Vincent, C. M. (2013) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-013-9528-3 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
“, 2010; Hall, 2012), and several prior experimental studies finding the same (e.g., Guerrieri et al., 2007; Houben, 2011; Nederkoorn et al., 2009).”
BackgroundResultChanging Behavior Using Integrated Theories
Hagger, M. S., & Hamilton, K. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.015 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Yeomans, M. R., & Brace, A. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0137626 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
“was firstly shown that participants who were more impulsive on a Stop-signal task ate more at an intake test but only when in a food-deprived rather than sated condition, and secondly those classified as impulsive on the Stop-signal task purchased more energy from a virtual supermarket only when hungry [32].”
BackgroundAttention! Can choices for low value food over high value food be trained?
Zoltak, M. J., Veling, H., Chen, Z., & Holland, R. W. (2017) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2017.06.010 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Computer training of attention and inhibition for youngsters with obesity: A pilot study
Verbeken, S., Braet, C., Naets, T., Houben, K., & Boendermaker, W. J. (2018) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2017.12.029 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
“Calorie-rich food stimuli automatically capture attention (Freijy, Mullan, & Sharpe, 2014; Loeber et al., 2011; Mann & Ward, 2004; Nederkoorn Guerrieri, Havermans, Roefs & Jansen, 2009) and drive action-tendencies to approach and consume palatable food (Kemps, Tiggemann and Hollitt, 2014; Kemps…”
BackgroundAltered neural inhibition responses to food cues after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass
Zoon, H. F. A., de Bruijn, S. E. M., Jager, G., Smeets, P. A. M., de Graaf, C., Janssen, I. M. C., Schijns, W., Deden, L. N., & Boesveldt, S. (2018) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2018.06.005 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
The effects of acute aerobic activity on cognition and cross-domain transfer to eating behavior
Lowe, C. J., Hall, P. A., Vincent, C. M., & Luu, K. (2014) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00267 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
“…respect to executive function (EF) in particular, results have been variable with some studies showing moderateto-large effects (Chang and Etnier, 2009; Pontifex et al., 2009; Chang et al., 2011), and others showing no beneficial effect (Tomporowski and Ganio, 2006; Coles and Tomporowski, 2008).”
Changing Behavior Using the Transtheoretical Model
DiClemente, C. C., & Graydon, M. M. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.010 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Inhibitory control as a potential treatment target for obesity
de Klerk, M. T., Smeets, P. A. M., la Fleur, S. E., Brain, & Beeldverwerking, I. S. I. (2023) · Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) · Cited by 32 · see citing works
- Authors
- Nederkoorn, C., Guerrieri, R., Havermans, R. C., Roefs, A., & Jansen, A.
- Affiliations
- Maastricht University (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Nederkoorn, C
- Venue
- International Journal of Obesity
- Published
- 2009-06-23
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 905-912
- ISSN
- 0307-0565 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-5497
- OpenAlex
- W2112952751
- Cited by
- 255
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 64 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 13.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Licence
- other-oa
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- International Journal of Obesity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Keywords
- hunger, impulsivity, dietary intake, food purchasing, virtual supermarket, response inhibition, state dependence, snack food consumption, caloric restriction, weight loss, obesity
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Commerce, Eating, Female, Humans, Hunger, Impulsive Behavior, Inhibition, Psychological, Students, User-Computer Interface, Overweight, Young Adult
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