Lactobacillus -dominated cervicovaginal microbiota associated with reduced HIV/STI prevalence and genital HIV viral load in African women
Open accessAbstract
Cervicovaginal microbiota not dominated by lactobacilli may facilitate transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), as well as miscarriages, preterm births and sepsis in pregnant women. However, little is known about the exact nature of the microbiological changes that cause these adverse outcomes. In this study, cervical samples of 174 Rwandan female sex workers were analyzed cross-sectionally using a phylogenetic microarray. Furthermore, HIV-1 RNA concentrations were measured in cervicovaginal lavages of 58 HIV-positive women among them. We identified six microbiome clusters, representing a gradient from low semi-quantitative abundance and diversity dominated by Lactobacillus crispatus (cluster R-I, with R denoting 'Rwanda') and L. iners (R-II) to intermediate (R-V) and high abundance and diversity (R-III, R-IV and R-VI) dominated by a mixture of anaerobes, including Gardnerella, Atopobium and Prevotella species. Women in cluster R-I were less likely to have HIV (P=0.03), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2; P<0.01), and high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV; P<0.01) and had no bacterial STIs (P=0.15). Statistically significant trends in prevalence of viral STIs were found from low prevalence in cluster R-I, to higher prevalence in clusters R-II and R-V, and highest prevalence in clusters R-III/R-IV/R-VI. Furthermore, only 10% of HIV-positive women in clusters R-I/R-II, compared with 40% in cluster R-V, and 42% in clusters R-III/R-IV/R-VI had detectable cervicovaginal HIV-1 RNA (Ptrend=0.03). We conclude that L. crispatus-dominated, and to a lesser extent L. iners-dominated, cervicovaginal microbiota are associated with a lower prevalence of HIV/STIs and a lower likelihood of genital HIV-1 RNA shedding.
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L. crispatus-dominated vaginal microbiota produces high concentrations of D-lactate which increases cervicovaginal mucus viscosity and enhances viral particle trapping, and tends to have least likelihood of viral infections of all CSTs.
“A L. crispatus-dominated vaginal microbiota produces high concentrations of D-lactate which has been recently shown to increase cervicovaginal mucus viscosity and enhance its viral particle trapping potential (Nunn et al., 2015), and tends to have the least likelihood of viral infections of all CSTs (Borgdorff et al., 2014).”
From Viral Infections, the Microbiome, and Probiotics (2021) · cites this paper as Borgdorff et al., 2014
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- Authors
- Borgdorff, H., Tsivtsivadze, E., Verhelst, R., Marzorati, M., Jurriaans, S., Ndayisaba, G. F., Schuren, F. H., & van de Wijgert, J. H. H. M.
- Affiliations
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam (NL)
- Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (NL)
- Ghent University (BE)
- Rinda Ubuzima , Kigali, Rwanda
- Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development (AIGHD) and Department of Global Health, Academic Medical Center , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Venue
- The ISME Journal
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2014-03-06
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1781-1793
- ISSN
- 1751-7362 (ISSN-L)
- 1751-7370
- PMC
- PMC4139719
- OpenAlex
- W1979742728
- Cited by
- 287
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 40 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 5
- FWCI
- 17.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The ISME Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion)
- TNO Repository (submittedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion)
- Repository hosted by TU Delft Library (TU Delft) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Aids Fonds
- European Commission (201102)
- European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Reproductive tract infections research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Keywords
- cervicovaginal microbiome, Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus iners, HIV-1 viral load, sexually transmitted infections, herpes simplex virus type 2, human papillomavirus, female sex workers, Gardnerella, Atopobium, Prevotella, vaginal dysbiosis, HIV transmission
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Cervix Uteri, Female, Humans, Lactobacillus, Middle Aged, Phylogeny, Pregnancy, Rwanda, Vagina, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Bacterial, HIV-1, HIV Infections, Prevalence, Viral Load, Young Adult, Microbiota
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