Cited by 248Genomics, phytochemicals, and oxidative stressTreatment of Major DepressionRedox biology and oxidative stress

Nrf2-dependent persistent oxidative stress results in stress-induced vulnerability to depression

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Bouvier, E, Brouillard, F, Molet, J, Claverie, D, Cabungcal, J-H, Cresto, N, Doligez, N, Rivat, C +4 more·2017·Molecular Psychiatry

Abstract

Stressful life events produce a state of vulnerability to depression in some individuals. The mechanisms that contribute to vulnerability to depression remain poorly understood. A rat model of intense stress (social defeat (SD), first hit) produced vulnerability to depression in 40% of animals. Only vulnerable animals developed a depression-like phenotype after a second stressful hit (chronic mild stress). We found that this vulnerability to depression resulted from a persistent state of oxidative stress, which was reversed by treatment with antioxidants. This persistent state of oxidative stress was due to low brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels, which characterized the vulnerable animals. We found that BDNF constitutively controlled the nuclear translocation of the master redox-sensitive transcription factor Nrf2, which activates antioxidant defenses. Low BDNF levels in vulnerable animals prevented Nrf2 translocation and consequently prevented the activation of detoxifying/antioxidant enzymes, ultimately resulting in the generation of sustained oxidative stress. Activating Nrf2 translocation restored redox homeostasis and reversed vulnerability to depression. This mechanism was confirmed in Nrf2-null mice. The mice displayed high levels of oxidative stress and were inherently vulnerable to depression, but this phenotype was reversed by treatment with antioxidants. Our data reveal a novel role for BDNF in controlling redox homeostasis and provide a mechanistic explanation for post-stress vulnerability to depression while suggesting ways to reverse it. Because numerous enzymatic reactions produce reactive oxygen species that must then be cleared, the finding that BDNF controls endogenous redox homeostasis opens new avenues for investigation.

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  1. Rhee SG. Cell signaling. H2O2, a necessary evil for cell signaling. Science 2006; 312: 1882-1883.

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Authors
Bouvier, E., Brouillard, F., Molet, J., Claverie, D., Cabungcal, J.-H., Cresto, N., Doligez, N., Rivat, C., Do, K. Q., Bernard, C., Benoliel, J.-J., & Becker, C.
Affiliations
  • Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
  • Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CH)
  • Inserm (FR)
Corresponding author
Becker, C
Venue
Molecular Psychiatry
Published
2016-09-20
Volume
22
Issue
12
Pages
1701-1713
ISSN
  • 1359-4184 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-5578
OpenAlex
W2522819450
Cited by
248
References
70
Citations by year
2026: 15 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 47 · 2022: 42 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 1 · 2014: 1
FWCI
7.28
Type
journal article
Language
en
Update notices
erratum (2016-11-01)
Open access
Locations
  • Molecular Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • SERVAL (Université de Lausanne) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • IRIS (submittedVersion)
  • HAL (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale
  • Rijksuniversiteit Groningen
  • Université Pierre et Marie Curie
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics, phytochemicals, and oxidative stress
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
Keywords
depression vulnerability, oxidative stress, Nrf2, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, redox homeostasis, social defeat stress, chronic mild stress, antioxidants, Nrf2 nuclear translocation, reactive oxygen species, antidepressant mechanism
MeSH terms
Animals, Antioxidants, Depressive Disorder, Disease Models, Animal, Disease Susceptibility, Dominance-Subordination, Hippocampus, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Random Allocation, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Mice, Knockout, Oxidative Stress, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Proteome, Active Transport, Cell Nucleus, NF-E2-Related Factor 2

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