Controlled exchange interaction between pairs of neutral atoms in an optical lattice
Open accessAbstract
Ultracold atoms trapped by light offer robust quantum coherence and controllability, providing an attractive system for quantum information processing and for the simulation of complex problems in condensed matter physics. Many quantum information processing schemes require the manipulation and deterministic entanglement of individual qubits; this would typically be accomplished using controlled, state-dependent, coherent interactions among qubits. Recent experiments have made progress towards this goal by demonstrating entanglement among an ensemble of atoms confined in an optical lattice. Until now, however, there has been no demonstration of a key operation: controlled entanglement between atoms in isolated pairs. Here we use an optical lattice of double-well potentials to isolate and manipulate arrays of paired (87)Rb atoms, inducing controlled entangling interactions within each pair. Our experiment realizes proposals to use controlled exchange coupling in a system of neutral atoms. Although 87Rb atoms have nearly state-independent interactions, when we force two atoms into the same physical location, the wavefunction exchange symmetry of these identical bosons leads to state-dependent dynamics. We observe repeated interchange of spin between atoms occupying different vibrational levels, with a coherence time of more than ten milliseconds. This observation demonstrates the essential component of a neutral atom quantum SWAP gate (which interchanges the state of two qubits). Its 'half-implementation', the root SWAP gate, is entangling, and together with single-qubit rotations it forms a set of universal gates for quantum computation.
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Recent experiments use exchange interactions in double-well potentials to create arrays of robust Bell pairs, which could be used as an alternative way to create cluster states in the lattice.
“Recent experiments use exchange interactions in double-well potentials to create arrays of robust Bell pairs, which could be used as an alternative way to create cluster states in the lattice 29,30”
From Measurement-based quantum computation (2009) · cites this paper as [29]
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- Authors
- Anderlini, M., Lee, P. J., Brown, B. L., Sebby-Strabley, J., Phillips, W. D., & Porto, J. V.
- Affiliations
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (US)
- Corresponding author
- Porto, J. V.
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2007-07
- Volume
- 448
- Issue
- 7152
- Pages
- 452-456
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W2028190807
- Cited by
- 435
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 33 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 23.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Quantum Information and Cryptography
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum optics and atomic interactions
- Keywords
- neutral atom quantum computing, optical lattices, double-well potential, rubidium-87, SWAP gate, quantum coherence, ultracold atoms, quantum gates, qubit entanglement
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