The DOI matches its Crossref record; 72 of the 72 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Seven temperate terrestrial planets around the nearby ultracool dwarf star TRAPPIST-1
Open accessAbstract
One aim of modern astronomy is to detect temperate, Earth-like exoplanets that are well suited for atmospheric characterization. Recently, three Earth-sized planets were detected that transit (that is, pass in front of) a star with a mass just eight per cent that of the Sun, located 12 parsecs away. The transiting configuration of these planets, combined with the Jupiter-like size of their host star-named TRAPPIST-1-makes possible in-depth studies of their atmospheric properties with present-day and future astronomical facilities. Here we report the results of a photometric monitoring campaign of that star from the ground and space. Our observations reveal that at least seven planets with sizes and masses similar to those of Earth revolve around TRAPPIST-1. The six inner planets form a near-resonant chain, such that their orbital periods (1.51, 2.42, 4.04, 6.06, 9.1 and 12.35 days) are near-ratios of small integers. This architecture suggests that the planets formed farther from the star and migrated inwards. Moreover, the seven planets have equilibrium temperatures low enough to make possible the presence of liquid water on their surfaces.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Better understanding the impact of environmental limitations on the origin and early evolution of life, such as UV flux, can help determine the habitability of planetary bodies that are even outside our own solar system, such as planets around stars with high UV fluxes, e.g., the TRAPPIST-1 system (Gillon et al. 2017;O'Malley-James and Kaltenegger 2017).”
From Environmental Adaptation from the Origin of Life to the Last Universal Common Ancestor (2018) · cites this paper as Gillon et al. 2017
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Estimating the Dimension of a Model
Schwarz, G. (1978) · The Annals of Statistics · doi:10.1214/aos/1176344136 · Cited by 47,033
A Simplex Method for Function Minimization
Nelder, J. A., & Mead, R. (1965) · The Computer Journal · doi:10.1093/comjnl/7.4.308 · Cited by 28,905
Inference from iterative simulation using multiple sequences
Gelman, A., & Rubin, D. B. (1992) · Statistical Science · doi:10.1214/ss/1177011136 · Cited by 16,627 · cited 1×
“It consisted in 2 chains of 100,000 steps whose convergence was successfully checked using the statistical test of Gelman & Rubin 50 .”
A method for the solution of certain non-linear problems in least squares
Levenberg, K. (1944) · Quarterly of Applied Mathematics · doi:10.1090/qam/10666 · Cited by 12,753
DAOPHOT: A COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR CROWDED-FIELD STELLAR PHOTOMETRY
Stetson, P. (1987) · Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific · doi:10.1086/131977 · Cited by 3,909
The Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) for the Spitzer Space Telescope
Fazio, G. G., Hora, J. L., Allen, L. E., Ashby, M. L. N., Barmby, P., Deutsch, L. K., Huang, J., Kleiner, S., Marengo, M., Megeath, S. T., et al. (2004) · The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series · doi:10.1086/422843 · Cited by 3,317
Self-citationHabitable Zones around Main Sequence Stars
Kasting, J. F., Whitmire, D. P., & Reynolds, R. T. (1993) · Icarus · doi:10.1006/icar.1993.1010 · Cited by 2,501
A hybrid symplectic integrator that permits close encounters between massive bodies
Chambers, J. E. (1999) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.1999.02379.x · Cited by 1,820
Analytic Light Curves for Planetary Transit Searches
Mandel, K., & Agol, E. (2002) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/345520 · Cited by 1,800
Self-citationGoldreich, P., & Tremaine, S. (1980) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/158356 · Cited by 1,645
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Fabrycky, D. C. in Exoplanets (ed. Seager, S. ) 217–238 (Univ. Arizona Press, 2010)
- Winn, J. N. in Exoplanets (ed. Seager, S. ) 55–77 (Univ. Arizona Press, 2010)
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 301–400 of 1,001
Spectroscopic Direct Detection of Exoplanets
Birkby, J. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-55333-7_16 · Cited by 185
Rice, K., Malavolta, L., Mayo, A. W., Mortier, A., Buchhave, L. A., Affer, L., Vanderburg, A. M., López‐Morales, M., Poretti, E., Zeng, L., et al. (2019) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stz130 · Cited by 48
“Trappist-1f is, however, around a very lowmass star and has a low bolometric irradiation (M∗ ∼ 0.08 M and Fp/F⊕ ∼ 0.382, Gillon et al. 2017).”
BackgroundInfluentialTidal heating and the habitability of the TRAPPIST-1 exoplanets
Dobos, V., Barr, A. C., & Kiss, L. L. (2019) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201834254 · Cited by 48
The Exoplanet Population Observation Simulator. II. Population Synthesis in the Era of Kepler
Mulders, G., Mordasini, C., Pascucci, I., Ciesla, F., Emsenhuber, A., & Apai, D. (2019) · Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab5187 · Cited by 31
“The TRAPPIST-1 system (Gillon et al. 2017) is a clear example as it hosts 7 Earth-mass planets inside 0.07 au despite being 10% the mass of the Sun.”
BackgroundInfluentialPidhorodetska, D., Fauchez, T. J., Villanueva, G. L., Domagal-Goldman, S. D., & Kopparapu, R. (2020) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aba4a1 · Cited by 48
“Bearing seven Earth-sized exoplanets (Gillon et al. 2017) orbiting an ultra-cool late-type M-dwarf star (M8V; Liebert & Gizis 2006) located 12.4 pc from Earth (Lindegren et al. 2018), the TRAPPIST-1 planets are similar in size and irradiation to the rocky planets within our solar system (Gillon et…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialNGTS-11 b (TOI-1847 b): A Transiting Warm Saturn Recovered from a TESS Single-transit Event
Gill, S., Wheatley, P., Cooke, B., Jordán, A., Nielsen, L., Bayliss, D., Anderson, D., Vines, J., Lendl, M., Acton, J., et al. (2020) · Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab9eb9 · Cited by 29
“Kopparapu et al. 2013), except around very late-type host stars (e.g., Gillon et al. 2017).”
BackgroundSelf-citationA detailed analysis of the Gl 486 planetary system
Caballero, J. A., Gonzalez-Alvarez, E., Brady, M., Trifonov, T., Ellis, T. G., Dorn, C., Cifuentes, C., Molaverdikhani, K., Bean, J. L., Boyajian, T. S., et al. (2022) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243548 · Cited by 54
Kammerer, J., & Quanz, S. P. (2017) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201731254 · Cited by 47
“…a few transiting systems in the immediate solar neighborhood have already been identified, some of which are excellent targets for follow-up observations with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) even for the search of biomarkers (e.g., Berta-Thompson et al. 2015; Gillon et al. 2017b,a).”
BackgroundThe K2-HERMES Survey. I. Planet-candidate Properties from K2 Campaigns 1–3
Wittenmyer, R. A., Sharma, S., Stello, D., Buder, S., Kos, J., Asplund, M., Duong, L., Lin, J., LIND, K., Ness, M., et al. (2018) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aaa3e4 · Cited by 47
Resolving faint structures in the debris disk around TWA 7
Olofsson, J., van Holstein, R. G., Boccaletti, A., Janson, M., Thébault, P., Gratton, R., Lazzoni, C., Kral, Q., Bayo, A., Cánovas, H., et al. (2018) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201832583 · Cited by 46
“…et al. 2016), which remains true even for the lowest mass object, free-floating planets (Bayo et al. 2017), and that those disks are capable of forming planets (e.g., Chauvin et al. 2004; Dressing & Charbonneau 2015; Gillon et al. 2017), it is likely that low-mass stars also harbor debris disks.”
BackgroundThe 0.8–4.5 μm Broadband Transmission Spectra of TRAPPIST-1 Planets
Ducrot, E., Sestovic, M., Morris, B. M., Gillon, M., Triaud, A. H. M. J., de Wit, J., Thimmarayappa, D., Agol, E., Almleaky, Y., Burdanov, A., et al. (2018) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aade94 · Cited by 47
“01 40 2v 2 [ as tr o- The nearby (∼12 pc) TRAPPIST-1 system is composed of an M8-type dwarf star orbited by seven nearly Earth-sized, temperate, planets (Gillon et al. 2017, hereafter G17).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationThe Climates of Other Worlds: A Review of the Emerging Field of Exoplanet Climatology ∗
Shields, A. L. (2019) · The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series · doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ab2fe7 · Cited by 46
“Climate models are now being used to simulate suites of phase curves—diagrams displaying the brightness of a planet as a function of its phase angle—and other observables, like those for TRAPPIST-1e shown in Figure 11.”
BackgroundInfluentialWyatt, M. C., Kral, Q., & Sinclair, C. A. (2019) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stz3052 · Cited by 47
“= 5.2 × 10−4L , i.e., with parameters appropriate for the TRAPPIST-1 system (Gillon et al. 2017).”
MethodInfluentialScheucher, M., Wunderlich, F., Grenfell, J., Godolt, M., Schreier, F., Kappel, D., Haus, R., Herbst, K., & Rauer, H. (2020) · Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab9084 · Cited by 33
“Exciting recent discoveries in exoplanetary science include the TRAPPIST-1 system (Gillon et al. 2017), Proxima Centauri b (Anglada-Escudé et al. 2016), and potential super-Earths/ warm sub-Neptunes like LHS 1140b and c (Ment et al. 2019), K2-18b (Montet et al. 2015), and GJ 1214b (Charbonneau et…”
BackgroundMagma Ocean Evolution of the TRAPPIST-1 Planets
Barth, P., Carone, L., Barnes, R., Noack, L., Mollière, P., & Henning, T. K. (2021) · Astrobiology · doi:10.1089/ast.2020.2277 · Cited by 49
“However, the compact architecture of the TRAPPIST-1 system suggests that the disk was cleared of larger rocks very early in the system’s evolution as a late impactor would have severely disturbed the stability of the system (Gillon et al., 2017; Tamayo et al., 2017).”
Spin-orbital Tidal Dynamics and Tidal Heating in the TRAPPIST-1 Multiplanet System
Makarov, V. V., Berghea, C. T., & Efroimsky, M. (2018) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aab845 · Cited by 46
Suissa, G., Wolf, E. T., Kopparapu, R., Villanueva, G. L., Fauchez, T. J., Mandell, A. M., Arney, G., Gilbert, E. A., Schlieder, J. E., Barclay, T., et al. (2020) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aba4b4 · Cited by 48
The EBLM project III. A Saturn-size low-mass star at the hydrogen-burning limit
von Boetticher, A., Triaud, A., Queloz, D., Gill, S., Lendl, M., Delrez, L., Anderson, D., Cameron, A., Faedi, F., Gillon, M., et al. (2017) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201731107 · Cited by 34
“(Gillon et al. 2016; Gillon et al. 2017).”
BackgroundSelf-citationThe evolution of protoplanetary discs in star formation and feedback simulations
Qiao, L., Haworth, T. J., Sellek, A. D., & Ali, A. A. (2022) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stac684 · Cited by 45
Super-Earths and Earth-like exoplanets
Lichtenberg, T., & Miguel, Y. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-99762-1.00122-4 · Cited by 60
Lincowski, A., Lustig-Yaeger, J., & Meadows, V. (2019) · Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab2385 · Cited by 39
“As in Lincowski et al. (2018), we use the updated planetary masses and radii from Grimm et al. (2018), and the semimajor axes and stellar radius from Gillon et al. (2017) to compute transit spectra.”
BackgroundMethodDistinguishing between Wet and Dry Atmospheres of TRAPPIST-1 e and f
Wunderlich, F., Scheucher, M., Godolt, M., Grenfell, J. L., Schreier, F., Schneider, P. C., Wilson, D. J., Sánchez-López, A., López‐Puertas, M., & Rauer, H. (2020) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aba59c · Cited by 52
“In Table 10 we compare the mean surface temperature for different atmospheric compositions and using the irradiation from Gillon et al. (2017) and Delrez et al. (2018b).”
MethodKemmer, J., Stock, S., Kossakowski, D., Kaminski, A., Molaverdikhani, K., Schlecker, M., Caballero, J. A., Amado, P. J., Astudillo-Defru, N., Bonfils, X., et al. (2020) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202038967 · Cited by 45
Agol, E., & Fabrycky, D. C. (2017) · arXiv (Cornell University) · Cited by 45
Self-citationFramework for the architecture of exoplanetary systems
Mishra, L., Alibert, Y., Udry, S., & Mordasini, C. (2023) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243751 · Cited by 49
Carbon-rich icy moons and dwarf planets
Reynard, B., & Sotin, C. (2023) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2023.118172 · Cited by 44
Impacts of Dust Feedback on a Dust Ring Induced by a Planet in a Protoplanetary Disk
Kanagawa, K., Muto, T., Okuzumi, S., Tanigawa, T., Taki, T., & Shibaike, Y. (2018) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aae837 · Cited by 44
“In the disk held by the dwarf star as ∼ 0.1M⊙, a multitude of Earthsized planets could be formed within the ring around 0.5 AU, which may explain the formation of the planetary system like TRAPPIST-1.”
BackgroundInfluentialThe First Habitable-zone Earth-sized Planet from TESS. II. Spitzer Confirms TOI-700 d
Rodriguez, J. E., Vanderburg, A. M., Zieba, S., Kreidberg, L., Morley, C. V., Eastman, J. D., Kane, S. R., Spencer, A., Quinn, S. N., Cloutier, R., et al. (2020) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aba4b3 · Cited by 44
“After this cut, we are left with 10 small habitable-zone33 planets: TRAPPIST-1 (d, e, f, and g; Gillon et al. 2017), Kepler-186 f (Quintana et al. 2014), Kepler1229 b (Morton et al. 2016), Kepler-442 b (Torres et al. 2015), Kepler-62 f (Borucki et al. 2013), Kepler-1649c (Vanderburg et al. 2020;…”
The onset of instability in resonant chains
Pichierri, G., & Morbidelli, A. (2020) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/staa1102 · Cited by 44
Ridgway, R. J., Zamyatina, M., Mayne, N. J., Manners, J. C., Lambert, F. H., Braam, M., Drummond, B., Hébrard, É., Palmer, P. I., & Kohary, K. I. (2022) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stac3105 · Cited by 44
Trifonov, T., Kürster, M., Zechmeister, M., Tal-Or, L., Caballero, J. A., Quirrenbach, A., Amado, P. J., Ribas, I., Reiners, A., Reffert, S., et al. (2017) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1710.01595 · Cited by 44
“Indeed, the recent discoveries of planets in the habitable zone around Proxima Centauri (AngladaEscudé et al. 2016) and LHS 1140 (Dittmann et al. 2017), and the multiple planet system around the ultra-cool M-dwarf star TRAPPIST-1 (Gillon et al. 2017) provide strong evidence for an enormous population of potentially ha…”
BackgroundDiving into Exoplanets: Are Water Seas the Most Common?
Ballesteros, F., Fernández-Soto, A., & Martı́nez, V. J. (2019) · Astrobiology · doi:10.1089/ast.2017.1720 · Cited by 43
Whittaker, E. A., Malik, M., Ih, J., Kempton, E. M.-R., Mansfield, M., Bean, J. L., Kite, E. S., Koll, D. D. B., Cronin, T. W., & Hu, R. (2022) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac9ab3 · Cited by 43
“For example, the transmission spectra of planets b, c, d, e, f, and g of the TRAPPIST-1 system were observed with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) and Spitzer Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) Channel 2 (de Wit et al. 2016; Gillon et al. 2017; de Wit et al. 2018).”
MethodWeiss, L. M., Deck, K. M., Sinukoff, E., Petigura, E. A., Agol, E., Lee, E. J., Becker, J., Howard, A. W., Isaacson, H. T., Crossfield, I. J. M., et al. (2017) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa6c29 · Cited by 44
Self-citationThe multiplicity distribution of Kepler’s exoplanets
Sandford, E., Kipping, D., & Collins, M. (2019) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stz2350 · Cited by 43
“E-mail: esandford@astro.columbia.edu At the other extreme, systems like Kepler-11 (Lissauer et al. 2011a) and TRAPPIST-1 (Gillon et al. 2017) pack half a dozen planets within the orbit of Mercury, which suggests that disk migration and resonant trapping may guide the evolution of such systems…”
BackgroundApai, D., Milster, T. D., Kim, D. W., Bixel, A., Schneider, G., Liang, R., & Arenberg, J. (2019) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab2631 · Cited by 42
“Nevertheless, closer to ∼ 100 visits could be sched- uled for a handful of nearby interesting low-mass systems (e.g., TRAPPIST-1, Gillon et al. 2017) to enable very high signal-to-noise spectroscopy, but we assume that the amount of time spent on such systems will be negligible in the overall scope of the mission.”
BackgroundInfluentialAtmospheric Escape From TOI-700 d: Venus versus Earth Analogs
Dong, C., Jin, M., & Lingam, M. (2020) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab982f · Cited by 43
“In recent times, many planets have been found in the HZ, with notable examples including Proxima b (Anglada-Escudé et al. 2016) and some planets of the TRAPPIST-1 system (Gillon et al. 2017).”
BackgroundSolar System Physics for Exoplanet Research
Horner, J., Kane, S. R., Marshall, J. P., Dalba, P. A., Holt, T. R., Wood, J., Maynard-Casely, H. E., Wittenmyer, R. A., Lykawka, P. S., Hill, M. L., et al. (2020) · Cited by 42
Pidhorodetska, D., Fauchez, T. J., Villanueva, G. L., Domagal-Goldman, S. D., & Kopparapu, R. (2020) · Maryland Shared Open Access Repository (USMAI Consortium) · doi:10.13016/m2mmhx-mukf · Cited by 43
An upper limit on late accretion and water delivery in the TRAPPIST-1 exoplanet system
Raymond, S. N., Izidoro, A., Bolmont, É., Dorn, C., Selsis, F., Turbet, M., Agol, E., Barth, P., Carone, L., Dasgupta, R., et al. (2021) · Nature Astronomy · doi:10.1038/s41550-021-01518-6 · Cited by 45
“The system’s two innermost planets were discovered in 2016(40) and the next five in 2017.(1) The central star is an ultracool dwarf star of spectral type M8 located 12 pc from the Sun.”
BackgroundSelf-citationISPY-NACO Imaging Survey for Planets around Young stars
Launhardt, R., Henning, T., Quirrenbach, A., Ségransan, D., Avenhaus, H., van Boekel, R., Brems, S., Cheetham, A., Cugno, G., Girard, J., et al. (2020) · Astronomy & Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201937000 · Cited by 21
Self-citationImpact of space weather on climate and habitability of terrestrial-type exoplanets
Airapetian, V., Gopalswamy, N., Grenfell, J. L., Gronoff, G., Güdel, M., Herbst, K., Henning, W. G., Jackman, C. H., Jin, M., Johnstone, C. P., et al. (2020) · Yokohama National University Repository (Yokohama National University) · Cited by 41
Stratosphere circulation on tidally locked ExoEarths
Carone, L., Keppens, R., Decin, L., & Henning, T. K. (2017) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stx2732 · Cited by 42
“Tidally locked planets in the habitable zone of cool red dwarf stars like the TRAPPIST-1 planets, Proxima Centauri b, LHS 1140 b and GJ 667 C f (Gillon et al. 2016, 2017; Anglada-Escudé et al. 2013, 2016; Dittmann et al. 2017; Luger et al. 2017) are our next best hope to study conditions for…”
BackgroundInfluentialThe K Dwarf Advantage for Biosignatures on Directly Imaged Exoplanets
Arney, G. (2019) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab0651 · Cited by 50
“…surprised us with the discovery of worlds not represented in our solar system (e.g., hot Jupiters and super Earths) and the knowledge that there are entire systems of small planets on our cosmic doorstep (e.g., the TRAPPIST-1 seven-planet system, orbiting an M8V star at 12 pc; Gillon et al. 2017).”
BackgroundAn eclipsing substellar binary in a young triple system discovered by SPECULOOS
Triaud, A. H. M. J., Burgasser, A. J., Burdanov, A., Kunovac, V., Alonso, R., Gagliuffi, D. B., Delrez, L., Demory, B.-O., de Wit, J., Ducrot, E., et al. (2020) · Nature Astronomy · doi:10.1038/s41550-020-1018-2 · Cited by 42
Self-citationValidating AU Microscopii d with Transit Timing Variations
Wittrock, J. M., Plavchan, P. P., Cale, B., Barclay, T., Ludwig, M. R., Schwarz, R. P., Mékarnia, D., Triaud, A. H. M. J., Abe, L., Suárez, O., et al. (2023) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/acfda8 · Cited by 41
Self-citationWard-Duong, K., Patience, J., Bulger, J., van der Plas, G., Ménard, F., Pinte, C., Jackson, A. P., Bryden, G., Turner, N. J., Harvey, P. M., et al. (2018) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aaa128 · Cited by 44
“5V, 0.15Me; Dittmann et al. 2017) and the seven-planet system of TRAPPIST-1, an ultracool dwarf residing at the stellar/brown-dwarf boundary (M8V, 0.08Me;Gillon et al. 2017).”
BackgroundLingam, M., & Loeb, A. (2018) · International Journal of Astrobiology · doi:10.1017/s1473550418000083 · Cited by 42
Gomi, H., & Yoshino, T. (2018) · Frontiers in Earth Science · doi:10.3389/feart.2018.00217 · Cited by 41
“Some of these planets locate within the habitable zone, suggesting the presence of liquid water at the surface of the planet (e.g., Anglada-Escudé et al., 2012; Gillon et al., 2017).”
Rethinking CO Antibiosignatures in the Search for Life Beyond the Solar System
Schwieterman, E. W., Reinhard, C. T., Olson, S. L., Ozaki, K., Harman, C. E., Hong, P. K., & Lyons, T. W. (2019) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab05e1 · Cited by 49
“For example, we predict that the CO concentration of an Earthtwin orbiting TRAPPIST-1 (with the modern surface CO flux of 3×1011 molecules cm−2 s−1) would be ∼500 ppmv with Procedure 1, but only ∼80 ppmv with Procedure 2.”
BackgroundInfluentialRelative Likelihood of Success in the Search for Primitive versus Intelligent Extraterrestrial Life
Lingam, M., & Loeb, A. (2018) · Astrobiology · doi:10.1089/ast.2018.1936 · Cited by 47
“…star nearest the Sun (Anglada-Escude´ al., 2016). technosignatures could become blurred must be borne in The second was the discovery of seven Earth-sized planets transiting the ultracool dwarf star TRAPPIST-1 at a distance of 12 pc, of which three may lie within the HZ (Gillon et al., 2016, 2017).”
An Integrable Model for the Dynamics of Planetary Mean-motion Resonances
Hadden, S. (2019) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab5287 · Cited by 41
“…superEarths (Fabrycky et al. 2014), a handful of systems contain one or more resonant planet pair (e.g., Goździewski et al. 2016; Mills et al. 2016; Migaszewski et al. 2017; Panichi et al. 2019) including TRAPPIST-1’s 7-planet resonant chain (Gillon et al. 2017; Luger et al. 2017).”
BackgroundExomoons in the Habitable Zones of M Dwarfs
Martínez‐Rodríguez, H., Caballero, J. A., Cifuentes, C., Piro, A. L., & Barnes, R. (2019) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab5640 · Cited by 41
“…Boyajian et al. (2012); Gaidos & Mann (2014); Quintana et al. (2014); Hartman et al. (2015); Schlieder et al. (2016); Dittmann et al. (2017); Gillon et al. (2017); Maldonado et al. (2017); Bakos et al. (2018); Hirano et al. (2018); Ribas et al. (2018); Smith et al. (2018); Affer et al.…”
BackgroundMassive discs around low-mass stars
Haworth, T. J., Cadman, J., Meru, F., Hall, C., Albertini, E., Forgan, D. H., Rice, K., & Owen, J. E. (2020) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/staa883 · Cited by 41
“In reality it is likely that a high efficiency formation mechanism in as low a disc mass as possible will be a favoured mechanism by which the Trappist-1 planets formed.”
BackgroundInfluentialA multiplanet system of super-Earths orbiting the brightest red dwarf star GJ 887
Jeffers, S. V., Dreizler, S., Barnes, J. R., Haswell, C. A., Nelson, R. P., Rodríguez, E., López-González, M. J., Morales, N., Luque, R., Zechmeister, M., et al. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aaz0795 · Cited by 41
Ji, J., Li, H.-T., Zhang, J., Fang, L., Li, D., Wang, S., Cao, Y., Deng, L., Li, B., Xian, H., et al. (2022) · Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1088/1674-4527/ac77e4 · Cited by 40
Giant tidal tails of helium escaping the hot Jupiter HAT-P-32 b
Zhang, Z., Morley, C. V., Gully-Santiago, M., MacLeod, M., Oklopčić, A., Luna, J. L., Tran, Q. H., Ninan, J. P., Mahadevan, S., Krolikowski, D. M., et al. (2023) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.adf8736 · Cited by 40
Looveren, G. V., Güdel, M., Saikia, S. B., & Kislyakova, K. G. (2024) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202348079 · Cited by 40
Lightning chemistry on Earth-like exoplanets
Ardaševa, A., Rimmer, P. B., Waldmann, I. P., Rocchetto, M., Yurchenko, S. N., Helling, C., & Tennyson, J. (2017) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stx1012 · Cited by 40
“Recently, candidate rocky planets within the “liquid water” habitable zone of their star have been discovered: the seven TRAPPIST planets (Gillon et al. 2016; Gillon et al. 2017); and Proxima b (Anglada-Escudé et al. 2016).”
BackgroundA method to estimate stellar ages from kinematical data
Almeida-Fernandes, F., & Rocha–Pinto, H. J. (2018) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/sty119 · Cited by 40
“…as the system is extremely compact (the highest period being of 18.77 days; Luger et al. 2017) the planets are all expected to be tidally locked (Gillon et al. 2017), causing the temperatures to vary significantly between the face towards the star and the opposite one, which would constitute…”
BackgroundInfluentialEyes on K2-3: A system of three likely sub-Neptunes characterized with HARPS-N and HARPS
Damasso, M., Bonomo, A. S., Astudillo-Defru, N., Bonfils, X., Malavolta, L., Sozzetti, A., Lopez, E., Zeng, L., Haywood, R. D., Irwin, J. M., et al. (2018) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201732459 · Cited by 40
“…specifically, such as the current ground-based photometric experiments MEarth (Irwin et al. 2015), APACHE (Sozzetti et al. 2013), and TRAPPIST (Gillon et al. 2017); the upcoming Article published by EDP Sciences A69, page 1 of 14 SPECULOOS1 and ExTrA (Bonfils et al. 2015) projects; and…”
BackgroundInfluentialThe Productivity of Oxygenic Photosynthesis around Cool, M Dwarf Stars
Lehmer, O., Catling, D. C., Parenteau, M. N., & Hoehler, T. M. (2018) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aac104 · Cited by 39
“More specifically, if the modern Earth were placed around a TRAPPIST-1-like star with a photospheric temperature of ∼2500 K (Gillon et al. 2017), could its biomass production be maintained?”
BackgroundInfluentialOn the XUV Luminosity Evolution of TRAPPIST-1
Fleming, D. P., Barnes, R., Luger, R., & VanderPlas, J. T. (2020) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab77ad · Cited by 40
“TRAPPIST-1 (Gillon et al. 2016, 2017), an ultracool dwarf located 12 pc from Earth, harbors 7 approximately Earth-sized transiting planets that are prime targets for JWST transmission spectroscopy observations (Morley et al. 2017; Lincowski et al. 2018; LustigYaeger et al. 2019).”
BackgroundTidal heating and the habitability of the TRAPPIST-1 exoplanets
Dobos, V., Barr, A. C., & Kiss, L. L. (2019) · Repository of the Academy's Library (Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences) · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201834254/pdf · Cited by 40
Earth as an Exoplanet: A Two-dimensional Alien Map
Fan, S., Li, C., Li, J.-Z., Bartlett, S., Jiang, J. H., Natraj, V., Crisp, D., & Yung, Y. L. (2019) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab3a49 · Cited by 40
“Among these exoplanets, a number of them have similar properties to Earth and may be habitable, e.g., TRAPPIST-1e (Gillon et al. 2017).”
BackgroundPhotometry and performance of SPECULOOS-South
Murray, C. A., Delrez, L., Pedersen, P. P., Queloz, D. P., Gillon, M., Burdanov, A., Ducrot, E., Garcia, L. J., Lienhard, F., Demory, B.-O., et al. (2020) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/staa1283 · Cited by 40
“These gaps in our knowledge, as well as the discovery of seven transiting Earth-sized exoplanets in temperate orbits of 1.5 to 19 d around TRAPPIST1 (Gillon et al. 2016, 2017) helped to strengthen the case for a survey performing dedicated photometric monitoring of UCDs, SPECULOOS (Search for Habitable Planets EClipsi…”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationTOI-674b: An oasis in the desert of exo-Neptunes transiting a nearby M dwarf
Murgas, F., Astudillo-Defru, N., Bonfils, X., Crossfield, I. J. M., Almenara, J. M., Livingston, J., Stassun, K. G., Korth, J., Orell-Miquel, J., Morello, G., et al. (2021) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202140718 · Cited by 40
Self-citationTOI–1278 B: SPIRou Unveils a Rare Brown Dwarf Companion in Close-in Orbit around an M Dwarf
Artigau, É., Hébrard, G., Cadieux, C., Vandal, T., Cook, N. J., Doyon, R., Gagné, J., Moutou, C., Martioli, E., Frasca, A., et al. (2021) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac096d · Cited by 40
The dynamics of the TRAPPIST-1 system in the context of its formation
Huang, S., & Ormel, C. W. (2022) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stac288 · Cited by 40
The Habitable Exoplanet Observatory (HabEx)
Gaudi, S. B., Seager, S., Mennesson, B. P., Kiessling, A., & Warfield, K. R. (2019) · UV/Optical/IR Space Telescopes and Instruments: Innovative Technologies and Concepts · doi:10.1117/12.2530036 · Cited by 40
“These systems have been and will be identified by surveys such as MEarth [5], TRAPPIST/SPECULOOS [6], and NASA’s Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) [7].”
Water condensation zones around main sequence stars
Turbet, M., Fauchez, T. J., Leconte, J., Bolmont, É., Chaverot, G., Forget, F., Millour, E., Selsis, F., Charnay, B., Ducrot, E., et al. (2023) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202347539 · Cited by 40
Self-citationGalactic habitable zone around M and FGK stars with chemical evolution models that include dust
Spitoni, E., Gioannini, L., & Matteucci, F. (2017) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201730545 · Cited by 39
“Recently, a planetary system around the M star Trappist-1 has been discovered (Gillon et al. 2016, 2017).”
BackgroundSchlawin, E. A., Greene, T. P., Line, M., Fortney, J. J., & Rieke, M. (2018) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aac774 · Cited by 39
“Pushing to cooler atmospheres will enable studies of CH4 and NH3 chemistry as well as approach habitable zone conditions such as in the TRAPPIST-1 system (Gillon et al. 2017).”
BackgroundStellar and Planetary Characterization of the Ross 128 Exoplanetary System from APOGEE Spectra
Souto, D., Unterborn, C. T., Smith, V. V., Cunha, K., Teske, J. K., Covey, K. R., Rojas-Ayala, B., García-Hernández, D. A., Stassun, K. G., Zamora, O., et al. (2018) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aac896 · Cited by 39
“Proxima Cen b and the recent announcement of Ross 128b are examples of RV-detected exoplanets (Anglada-Escudé et al. 2016, Bonfils et al. 2017), while TRAPPIST-1, Kepler-138, and Kepler-186 (Gillon et al. 2017, Jontof-Hutter et al. 2015, Quintana et al. 2014, Souto et al. 2017) are examples of transiting exoplanet sy…”
BackgroundSurvival of non-coplanar, closely packed planetary systems after a close encounter
Rice, D. R., Rasio, F. A., & Steffen, J. H. (2018) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/sty2418 · Cited by 39
“Examples of compact systems are Kepler-11 with six planets within 0.5 AU of a G-type star (Lissauer et al. 2011) and TRAPPIST-1 with seven planets within 0.06 AU of an M-dwarf star (Gillon et al. 2017).”
BackgroundInfluentialBiosignature Anisotropy Modeled on Temperate Tidally Locked M-dwarf Planets
Chen, H., Wolf, E. T., Kopparapu, R., Domagal-Goldman, S. D., & Horton, D. E. (2018) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aaedb2 · Cited by 43
“The recent discoveries of Proxima Centauri b (Anglada- Escudé et al. 2016) and the TRAPPIST-1 system (Gillon et al. 2017) demonstrate that analyses of small rocky planets are within reach.”
BackgroundOptimizing Ground-based Observations of O2 in Earth Analogs
López‐Morales, M., Ben-Ami, S., Abad, G. G., García‐Mejía, J., Dietrich, J., & Szentgyorgyi, A. H. (2019) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab21d7 · Cited by 38
“…author: Mercedes Lopez-Morales mlopez-morales@cfa.harvard.edu ∗ National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellow Ford Foundation Fellow 1 planets (Gillon et al. 2017), LHS 1140 b (Dittmann et al. 2017), Ross 128 b (Bonfils et al. 2018), and the expected outcome of the TESS mission (Ricker…”
BackgroundThe Vegetation Red Edge Biosignature Through Time on Earth and Exoplanets
O’Malley-James, J. T., & Kaltenegger, L. (2018) · Astrobiology · doi:10.1089/ast.2017.1798 · Cited by 39
“As solar luminosity increases as a consequence of the Sun’s main sequence evolution, Earth’s surface habitats will be altered.”
InfluentialDo the TRAPPIST-1 Planets Have Hydrogen-rich Atmospheres?
Hori, Y., & Ogihara, M. (2020) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab6168 · Cited by 37
“As shown in Section 3, the total amount of an accreted disk gas onto TRAPPIST-1 like Earth-sized planets is less than a few wt% of their total masses.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialBreaking Resonant Chains: Destabilization of Resonant Planets Due to Long-term Mass Evolution
Matsumoto, Y., & Ogihara, M. (2020) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab7cd7 · Cited by 41
“Although several planetary systems are in chains of resonances (Mills et al. 2016; MacDonald et al. 2016; Gillon et al. 2017), most multiple-planet systems are not (Fabrycky et al. 2014; Winn & Fabrycky 2015).”
BackgroundInfluentialQuick, L. C., Roberge, A., Barr, A. C., & Hedman, M. M. (2020) · Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific · doi:10.1088/1538-3873/ab9504 · Cited by 42
“…et al., 2015; Bonfils et al., 2018; Dittmann et al., 2017b HD 219134 b 1.6 4.74 6340 18 1015 11 6.42 x 1013 0 (e = 0) 6.42 x 1013 rocky Gillon et al., 2017a HD 219134 c 1.5 4.36 6950 18.7 782 11 5.39 x 1013 2.17 x 1016 2.17 x 1016 rocky Gillon et al., 2017a ÕHD 219134 f 1.31 unkno wn…”
InfluentialCarleo, I., Desidera, S., Nardiello, D., Malavolta, L., Lanza, A. F., Livingston, J. H., Locci, D., Marzari, F., Messina, S., Turrini, D., et al. (2020) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039042 · Cited by 39
Gialluca, M. T., Robinson, T. D., Rugheimer, S., & Wunderlich, F. (2021) · Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific · doi:10.1088/1538-3873/abf367 · Cited by 44
“…indicator species (e.g., water vapor and greenhouse gases; for a review, see Robinson 2018) for Earth-like worlds orbiting cool stellar hosts with JWST. Barstow & Irwin (2016) investigated detections of ozone for habitable, Earth-like variants of TRAPPIST-1 b, c, and d (Gillon et al. 2016, 2017).”
BackgroundHD 23472: a multi-planetary system with three super-Earths and two potential super-Mercuries,
Barros, S. C. C., Demangeon, O. D. S., Alibert, Y., Leleu, A., Adibekyan, V., Lovis, C., Bossini, D., Sousa, S. G., Hara, N., Bouchy, F., et al. (2022) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244293 · Cited by 47
Chemical conditions on Hycean worlds
Madhusudhan, N., Moses, J. I., Rigby, F., & Barrier, E. (2023) · Faraday Discussions · doi:10.1039/d3fd00075c · Cited by 42
The First JWST View of a 30-Myr-old Protoplanetary Disk Reveals a Late-stage Carbon-rich Phase
Long, F., Pascucci, I., Houge, A., Banzatti, A., Pontoppidan, K. M., Najita, J., Krijt, S., Xie, C., Williams, J., Herczeg, G. J., et al. (2025) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ad99d2 · Cited by 38
“This dynamic process may help explain the architecture of the TRAPPIST-1 system, which hosts seven Earth-like planets within 1 au around a late M star, arranged in near-resonant orbits (Gillon et al. 2017).”
Mills, S. M., & Fabrycky, D. C. (2017) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aa6543 · Cited by 38
“A few planets in this size regime have been characterized (e.g. Sinukoff et al. 2013; Rappaport et al. 2013; Jontof-Hutter et al. 2015; Gillon et al. 2017); however, due to the small number of characterizable systems, little is yet known about the masses or compositions of the smallest (.”
BackgroundEndolithic microbial communities as model systems for ecology and astrobiology
Meslier, V., & DiRuggiero, J. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-812742-1.00007-6 · Cited by 39
Erosion of an exoplanetary atmosphere caused by stellar winds
Rodríguez-Mozos, J. M., & Moya, A. (2019) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201935543 · Cited by 38
No Snowball on Habitable Tidally Locked Planets with a Dynamic Ocean
Checlair, J. H., Olson, S. L., Jansen, M. F., & Abbot, D. S. (2019) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab487d · Cited by 38
“A number of planets have been found orbiting in the habitable zones of nearby M-stars (TRAPPIST-1e, Proxima Centauri b, and LHS 1140b; Anglada-Escudé et al. 2016; Dittmann et al. 2017; Gillon et al. 2017).”
BackgroundSub-Neptune formation: the view from resonant planets
Choksi, N., & Chiang, E. (2020) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/staa1421 · Cited by 38
“…& Chiang more, MacDonald & Dawson (2018) show that the handful of multi-planet resonant chains like Kepler-223 (Mills et al. 2016) and Trappist-1 (Gillon et al. 2017) do not necessarily implicate wholesale migration, but can also be established by more modest “short-scale” migration, as…”
BackgroundChen, Y.-X., 李亚, Y.-P. 平. L., 李, H. 晖. L., & 林, D. N. C. 潮. L. (2020) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab9604 · Cited by 38
“Such a scenario has been suggested for the TRAPPIST-1 system (Gillon et al. 2017) by Kanagawa et al. (2018a); Kanagawa (2019).”
BackgroundDiamond-Lowe, H., Charbonneau, D., Malik, M., Kempton, E. M.-R., & Beletsky, Y. (2020) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abaf4f · Cited by 38
“Clear, low mean molecular weight atmospheres are also ruled out for five of the seven TRAPPIST-1 planets (Gillon et al. 2016, 2017; de Wit et al. 2016, 2018).”
BackgroundTimescales for Prebiotic Photochemistry Under Realistic Surface Ultraviolet Conditions
Rimmer, P. B., Thompson, S. J., Xu, J., Russell, D. A., Green, N. J., Ritson, D. J., Sutherland, J. D., & Queloz, D. P. (2021) · Astrobiology · doi:10.1089/ast.2020.2335 · Cited by 43
“A number of Earth-like exoplanets around M dwarfs have already been discovered, such as the TRAPPIST-1 system (Gillon et al., 2017) and planets similar to these will be good candidates for atmospheric characterization with the JamesWebb telescope.”
BackgroundSelf-citationKrissansen‐Totton, J., Thompson, M., Galloway, M. L., & Fortney, J. J. (2022) · Nature Astronomy · doi:10.1038/s41550-021-01579-7 · Cited by 42
Plausible Compositions of the Seven TRAPPIST-1 Planets Using Long-term Dynamical Simulations
Quarles, B., Quintana, E. V., Lopez, E. D., Schlieder, J., & Barclay, T. (2017) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aa74bf · Cited by 35
“Our samples made draws in the range of planetary radii from the discovery papers (Gillon et al. 2017; Luger et al. 2017), where those simulations that survive up to 1Myr are consistent with the observations.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialHenry, T. J., & Jao, W. (2024) · Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1146/annurev-astro-052722-102740 · Cited by 37
A roadmap for the atmospheric characterization of terrestrial exoplanets with JWST
Initiative, T.-1. J. C., de Wit, J., Doyon, R., Rackham, B. V., Lim, O., Ducrot, E., Kreidberg, L., Benneke, B., Ribas, I., Berardo, D., et al. (2024) · Nature Astronomy · doi:10.1038/s41550-024-02298-5 · Cited by 40
“13 ,14)).”
Self-citationGround-breaking exoplanet science with the ANDES spectrograph at the ELT
Πάλλη, Ε., Biazzo, K., Bolmont, É., Mollière, P., Poppenhaeger, K., Birkby, J., Brogi, M., Chauvin, G., Chiavassa, A., Hoeijmakers, H. J., et al. (2025) · Experimental Astronomy · doi:10.1007/s10686-025-10000-4 · Cited by 37
Self-citationImplications of Tides for Life on Exoplanets
Lingam, M., & Loeb, A. (2018) · Astrobiology · doi:10.1089/ast.2017.1718 · Cited by 38
“The second was the discovery of at least seven terrestrial and temperate planets transiting the star TRAPPIST-1 at a distance of 12 pc (Gillon et al., 2016, 2017).”
Metadata
- Authors
- Gillon, M., Triaud, A. H. M. J., Demory, B.-O., Jehin, E., Agol, E., Deck, K. M., Lederer, S. M., de Wit, J., Burdanov, A., Ingalls, J. G., Bolmont, E., Leconte, J., Raymond, S. N., Selsis, F., Turbet, M., Barkaoui, K., Burgasser, A., Burleigh, M. R., Carey, S. J., Chaushev, A., Copperwheat, C. M., Delrez, L., Fernandes, C. S., Holdsworth, D. L., Kotze, E. J., Van Grootel, V., Almleaky, Y., Benkhaldoun, Z., Magain, P., & Queloz, D.
- Affiliations
- University of Liège (BE)
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- University of Bern (CH)
- NASA Astrobiology Institute (US)
- California Institute of Technology (US)
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Cadi Ayyad University (MA)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- University of Leicester (GB)
- University of Lancashire (GB)
- South African Astronomical Observatory (ZA)
- King Abdulaziz University (SA)
- University of Geneva (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Gillon, Michaël
- ORCID
- Gillon, Michaël
- Triaud, Amaury H. M. J.
- Demory, Brice-Olivier
- Jehin, Emmanuël
- Agol, Eric
- Deck, Katherine M.
- Lederer, Susan M.
- Burdanov, Artem
- Ingalls, James G.
- Raymond, Sean N.
- Selsis, Franck
- Turbet, Martin
- Barkaoui, Khalid
- Burgasser, Adam
- Burleigh, Matthew R.
- Carey, Sean J.
- Delrez, Laetitia
- Holdsworth, Daniel L.
- Kotze, Enrico J.
- Benkhaldoun, Zouhair
- Queloz, Didier
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2017-02
- Volume
- 542
- Issue
- 7642
- Pages
- 456-460
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- PMC
- PMC5330437
- OpenAlex
- W2590741408
- Cited by
- 1,555
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 55 · 2025: 106 · 2024: 129 · 2023: 124 · 2022: 131 · 2021: 121 · 2020: 251 · 2019: 207 · 2018: 260 · 2017: 164
- FWCI
- 131.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- CLOK (University of Central Lancashire) (acceptedVersion)
- Liverpool John Moores University (acceptedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- ORBi (University of Liège) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Bern Open Repository and Information System (University of Bern) (submittedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion)
- Leicester Research Archive (University of Leicester) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Oskar-Bordeaux (Universite de Bordeaux) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (1615315)
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NNX13AF62G)
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-13-BS05-0003)
- Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (163967)
- Science and Technology Facilities Council (1362676, ST/L001306/1, ST/L00061X/1, ST/P006892/1, ST/N000757/1, ST/J001465/1, ST/M000966/1, ST/N001524/1, ST/P002218/1, ST/M003035/1)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Instrumentation › Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Space Science and Extraterrestrial Life
- Keywords
- TRAPPIST-1, exoplanets, Earth-sized planets, transit photometry, orbital resonance, planet migration, equilibrium temperature, habitability, liquid water, atmospheric characterization, planetary system architecture
- MeSH terms
- Extraterrestrial Environment, Temperature, Water, Planets, Exobiology, Stars, Celestial
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
