Cited by 1,555Stellar, planetary, and galactic studiesAstronomy and Astrophysical ResearchSpace Science and Extraterrestrial Life

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Seven temperate terrestrial planets around the nearby ultracool dwarf star TRAPPIST-1

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Gillon, Michaël, Triaud, Amaury H. M. J., Demory, Brice-Olivier, Jehin, Emmanuël, Agol, Eric, Deck, Katherine M., Lederer, Susan M., de Wit, Julien, Burdanov, Artem, Ingalls, James G., Bolmont, Emeline, Leconte, Jeremy, Raymond, Sean N., Selsis, Franck, Turbet, Martin, Barkaoui, Khalid, Burgasser, Adam, Burleigh, Matthew R., Carey, Sean J., Chaushev, Aleksander, Copperwheat, Chris M., Delrez, Laetitia, Fernandes, Catarina S., Holdsworth, Daniel L., Kotze, Enrico J., Van Grootel, Valérie, Almleaky, Yaseen, Benkhaldoun, Zouhair, Magain, Pierre, Queloz, Didier·2017·Nature

DOI 10.1038/nature21360PMC PMC5330437

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Abstract

One aim of modern astronomy is to detect temperate, Earth-like exoplanets that are well suited for atmospheric characterization. Recently, three Earth-sized planets were detected that transit (that is, pass in front of) a star with a mass just eight per cent that of the Sun, located 12 parsecs away. The transiting configuration of these planets, combined with the Jupiter-like size of their host star-named TRAPPIST-1-makes possible in-depth studies of their atmospheric properties with present-day and future astronomical facilities. Here we report the results of a photometric monitoring campaign of that star from the ground and space. Our observations reveal that at least seven planets with sizes and masses similar to those of Earth revolve around TRAPPIST-1. The six inner planets form a near-resonant chain, such that their orbital periods (1.51, 2.42, 4.04, 6.06, 9.1 and 12.35 days) are near-ratios of small integers. This architecture suggests that the planets formed farther from the star and migrated inwards. Moreover, the seven planets have equilibrium temperatures low enough to make possible the presence of liquid water on their surfaces.

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Interior Controls on the Habitability of Rocky Planets
Gillmann, C., Hakim, K., Lourenço, D. L., Quanz, S. P., & Sossi, P. A. (2023) · Space Science & Technology · doi:10.34133/space.0075 · Cited by 26
“In the most favorable cases, which are small planets transiting very low-mass stars [such as the well-known Trappist-1 system, 292], JWST may be able to tell if these objects have an atmosphere at all, which will be an important milestone in exoplanet science [for first results, see, 293, 294], but…”
Background
The Six-planet Resonant Chain of HD 110067
Lammers, C., & Winn, J. N. (2024) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ad50d2 · Cited by 21
“TRAPPIST-1 is another well-characterized resonant chain system, which consists of seven approximately Earth-sized planets, the largest number of planets known in any resonant chain (Gillon et al. 2017; Luger et al. 2017).”
BackgroundInfluential
Exoplanet Populations and Their Dependence on Host Star Properties
Mulders, G. D. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-30648-3_153-2 · Cited by 21
The Solar Neighborhood. XXXX. Parallax Results from the CTIOPI 0.9 m Program: New Young Stars Near the Sun
Bartlett, J., Lurie, J. C., Riedel, A. R., Ianna, P. A., Jao, W., Henry, T. J., Winters, J. G., Finch, C. T., & Subasavage, J. P. (2017) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa8457 · Cited by 21
“Gillon et al. (2017) reported that the Spitzer Space Telescope detected two flaring events during 20 days of observation in 2016 September.”
Background
Space Missions for Exoplanet Science: PLATO
Rauer, H., & Heras, A. M. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-55333-7_86 · Cited by 21
A Likely Detection of a Two-planet System in a Low-magnification Microlensing Event
Suzuki, D., Bennett, D. P., Udalski, A., Bond, I. A., Sumi, T., Han, C., Kim, H.-I., Abe, F., Asakura, Y., Barry, R. K., et al. (2018) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aabd7a · Cited by 21
“Tightly packed coplanar multiple systems, such as Kepler-11 (Lissauer et al. 2011b) and TRAPPIST-1 (Gillon et al. 2017), are thought to form in outer regions rather than in the current orbit and migrate inward through a disk.”
Background
Fragmentation favoured in discs around higher mass stars
Cadman, J., Rice, K., Hall, C., Haworth, T. J., & Biller, B. A. (2020) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/staa187 · Cited by 19
“…note are that the results suggest these systems may potentially have very large mass reservoirs available to them for planet formation through CA, thus loosening the constraint that any formation scenario (e.g., the Trappist-1 system, Gillon et al. 2017) must involve highly efficient dust growth.”
BackgroundInfluential
Testing Earthlike Atmospheric Evolution on Exo-Earths through Oxygen Absorption: Required Sample Sizes and the Advantage of Age-based Target Selection
Bixel, A., & Apai, D. (2020) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab8fad · Cited by 24
“For example, Burgasser & Mamajek (2017) combine several diagnostics to determine the age of TRAPPIST-1, a well-studied ultra-cool dwarf known to host multiple potentially habitable planets (Gillon et al. 2017).”
Background
The Equatorial Jet Speed on Tidally Locked Planets. I. Terrestrial Planets
Hammond, M., Tsai, S.-M., & Pierrehumbert, R. T. (2020) · University of Chicago · doi:10.6082/42wy9-5mg84 · Cited by 21
The ability of significant tidal stress to initiate plate tectonics
Zanazzi, J. J., & Triaud, A. H. M. J. (2019) · Icarus · doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2019.01.029 · Cited by 20
“From exoplanetary statistics, we can infer ∼ 50% of all stars with effective temperatures cooler than 4000◦K harbor terrestrial planets (Dressing and Char- bonneau, 2013; Bonfils et al., 2013; Dressing and Charbonneau, 2015; Morton and Swift, 2014; He, Triaud and Gillon , 2017), with ∼ 20% of these planets expected to…”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citation
Transit Visibility Zones of the Solar System Planets
Wells, R., Poppenhaeger, K., Watson, C., & Heller, R. (2017) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stx2077 · Cited by 15
“For example, TRAPPIST-1g (Gillon et al. 2017), a temperate Earth-sized planet orbiting an M8 star, gives a 10 per cent difference between equation (1) and the approximation, which is close to the largest disagreement in the Solar system (Jupiter, 11 per cent).”
BackgroundInfluential
Water delivery to the TRAPPIST-1 planets
Dencs, Z., & Regály, Z. (2019) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stz1412 · Cited by 18
A Tidal Origin for a Three-body Resonance in Kepler-221
Goldberg, M., & Batygin, K. (2021) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abfb78 · Cited by 20
TRAPPIST-1: Dynamical analysis of the transit-timing variations and origin of the resonant chain
Teyssandier, J., Libert, A.-S., & Agol, E. (2022) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202142377 · Cited by 20
Self-citation
The Activity of Stars with Planetary Systems and Its Impact on the Loss of Atmosphere by Hot Exoplanets
Savanov, I. S., & Shematovich, V. I. (2021) · Astrophysical Bulletin · doi:10.1134/s199034132104012x · Cited by 20
“…atmospheres due to volcanic eruptions, have been discovered in nearby star systems, the most famous examples of which are recently discovered exoplanets such as Proxima Centauri b (Anglada-Escudé et al., 2016), TRAPPIST-1 e, f and g (Gillon et al., 2017) and LHS 1140b (Dittmann et al., 2017).”
Background
Habitable Planet Formation around Low-mass Stars: Rapid Accretion, Rapid Debris Removal, and the Essential Contribution of External Giants
Clement, M. S., Quintana, E. V., & Quarles, B. (2022) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac549e · Cited by 21
A quarter century of spectroscopic monitoring of the nearby M dwarf Gl 514
Damasso, M., Perger, M., Almenara, J. M., Nardiello, D., Pérez-Torres, M. Á., Sozzetti, A., Hara, N., Quirrenbach, A., Bonfils, X., Osorio, M. R. Z., et al. (2022) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243522 · Cited by 20
Transit Timing Variations for AU Microscopii b and c
Wittrock, J. M., Dreizler, S., Reefe, M., Morris, B. M., Plavchan, P. P., Lowrance, P., Demory, B.-O., Ingalls, J. G., Gilbert, E. A., Barclay, T., et al. (2022) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac68e5 · Cited by 20
Self-citation
Heating and ionization by non-thermal electrons in the upper atmospheres of water-rich exoplanets
Muñoz, A. G. (2023) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202245766 · Cited by 20
Earth as a Transiting Exoplanet: A Validation of Transmission Spectroscopy and Atmospheric Retrieval Methodologies for Terrestrial Exoplanets
Lustig‐Yaeger, J., Meadows, V., Crisp, D., Line, M. R., & Robinson, T. D. (2023) · The Planetary Science Journal · doi:10.3847/psj/acf3e5 · Cited by 19
Search for a Second Earth – the Earth 2.0 (ET) Space Mission
Ge, J., Chen, W., Yonghe, C. H. E. N., Song, Z., Wang, J., Zhang, H., Yan, L. I., Zang, W., Zhou, D., Zhang, Y., et al. (2024) · Chinese Journal of Space Science · doi:10.11728/cjss2024.03.yg05 · Cited by 20
Convective shutdown in the atmospheres of lava worlds
Nicholls, H., Pierrehumbert, R. T., Lichtenberg, T., Soucasse, L., & Smeets, S. (2024) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stae2772 · Cited by 30
The atmospheric parameters of FGK stars using wavelet analysis of CORALIE spectra
Gill, S., Maxted, P., & Smalley, B. (2018) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201731954 · Cited by 13
“Exciting new discoveries such as the TRAPPIST-1 system (Gillon et al. 2017) and Proxima Centauri b (Anglada-Escudé et al. 2016) have attracted attention from the scientific community and public alike, bringing more focus to low-mass stars in exoplanet surveys.”
Background
SPECULOOS: a network of robotic telescopes to hunt for terrestrial planets around the nearest ultracool dwarfs
Delrez, L., Gillon, M., Queloz, D. P., Demory, B.-O., Almleaky, Y., de Wit, J., Jehin, E., Triaud, A. H. M. J., Barkaoui, K., Burdanov, A., et al. (2018) · Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1806.11205 · Cited by 20
Self-citation
Solid State Photochemistry of Hydroxylated Naphthalenes on Minerals: Probing Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Transformation Pathways under Astrochemically-Relevant Conditions
Potenti, S., Manini, P., Fornaro, T., Poggiali, G., Crescenzi, O., Napolitano, A., Brucato, J. R., Barone, V., & d’Ischia, M. (2018) · ACS Earth and Space Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acsearthspacechem.8b00060 · Cited by 21
K2-288Bb: A Small Temperate Planet in a Low-mass Binary System Discovered by Citizen Scientists
Feinstein, A. D., Schlieder, J. E., Livingston, J. H., Ciardi, D. R., Howard, A. W., Arnold, L., Barentsen, G., Bristow, M., Christiansen, J. L., Crossfield, I. J. M., et al. (2019) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aafa70 · Cited by 20
“This is an interesting prospect given most known M-dwarf systems are compact with small planets (Muirhead et al. 2015; Gillon et al. 2017), and the K2-288 system hosts only a single planet with a relatively long (31.39-day) period.”
BackgroundInfluential
Dynamical Packing in the Habitable Zone: The Case of Beta CVn
Kane, S. R., Turnbull, M., Fulton, B. J., Rosenthal, L. J., Howard, A. W., Isaacson, H. T., Marcy, G. W., & Weiss, L. M. (2020) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab9ffe · Cited by 20
“Several compact planetary systems have been discovered that harbor more than one planet in the HZ, including GJ 667C (Anglada-Escudé et al. 2013), TRAPPIST-1 (Gillon et al. 2017; Luger et al. 2017), and Teegarden’s star (Zechmeister et al. 2019).”
Background
K2 Ultracool Dwarfs Survey. IV. Monster Flares Observed on the Young Brown Dwarf CFHT-BD-Tau 4
Paudel, R. R., Gizis, J. E., Mullan, D. J., Schmidt, S. J., Burgasser, A. J., Williams, P. K. G., & Berger, E. (2018) · Maryland Shared Open Access Repository (USMAI Consortium) · doi:10.13016/m2yylj-u2jg · Cited by 20
Self-citation
Multiband Transit Follow-up Observations of Five Hot Jupiters with Critical Noise Treatments: Improved Physical Properties
Saha, S., Chakrabarty, A., & Sengupta, S. (2021) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac01dd · Cited by 20
The Perkins INfrared Exosatellite Survey (PINES) I. Survey Overview, Reduction Pipeline, and Early Results
Tamburo, P., Muirhead, P. S., McCarthy, A. M., Hart, M., Gracia, D., Vos, J. M., Gagliuffi, D. C. B., Faherty, J. K., Theissen, C. A., Agol, E., et al. (2022) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac64aa · Cited by 20
“TRAPPIST-1, an M8 dwarf, is known to host seven transiting, Earth-sized exoplanets (Gillon et al. 2016, 2017).”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Anti-correlation between multiplicity and orbital properties in exoplanetary systems as a possible record of their dynamical histories
Zinzi, A., & Turrini, D. (2017) · Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology) · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201731595/pdf · Cited by 20
The Origin of Life on Earth and the Design of Alternative Life Forms
Szostak, J. W. (2017) · Molecular Frontiers Journal · doi:10.1142/s2529732517400132 · Cited by 18
Global analysis of the TRAPPIST Ultra-Cool Dwarf Transit Survey
Lienhard, F., Queloz, D. P., Gillon, M., Burdanov, A., Delrez, L., Ducrot, E., Handley, W. J., Jehin, E., Murray, C. A., Triaud, A. H. M. J., et al. (2020) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/staa2054 · Cited by 19
“Further transit observations and analysis of transit timing variations have revealed that the system hosts 7 rocky, Earthsized planets in almost perfectly edge-on and circular orbits (Gillon et al. 2017; Luger et al. 2017).”
BackgroundMethodSelf-citation
The 0.8–4.5 μm Broadband Transmission Spectra of TRAPPIST-1 Planets
Ducrot, E., Sestovic, M., Morris, B. M., Gillon, M., Triaud, A. H. M. J., de Wit, J., Thimmarayappa, D., Agol, E., Almleaky, Y., Burdanov, A., et al. (2018) · Apollo (University of Cambridge) · doi:10.17863/cam.38080 · Cited by 19
Self-citation
The Influence of Tidal Heating on the Habitability of Planets Orbiting White Dwarfs
Becker, J., Seligman, D. Z., Adams, F. C., & Styczinski, M. J. (2023) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.3847/2041-8213/acbe44 · Cited by 19
“References: (a) Gillon et al. (2017); (b) Grimm et al. (2018); (c) Earth tidal Qp values from Goldreich & Soter (1966); (d) TRAPPIST-1 e tidal Qp set to the midpoint of bounds given in Tobie et al. (2019); (e) For TRAPPIST-1 e, computed using Im(k2) from Bolmont et al. (2020), the results of (d),…”
Method
Global N-body simulations of circumbinary planet formation around Kepler-16 and -34 analogues I: Exploring the pebble accretion scenario
Coleman, G. A. L., Nelson, R. P., & Triaud, A. H. M. J. (2023) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stad833 · Cited by 19
Self-citation
Planetary Parameters, XUV Environments, and Mass-loss Rates for Nearby Gaseous Planets with X-Ray-detected Host Stars
Spinelli, R., Gallo, E., Haardt, F., Caldiroli, A., Biassoni, F., Borsa, F., & Rauscher, E. (2023) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/acc336 · Cited by 19
“…al. (2017); (18) Yee et al. (2018); (19) Ellis et al. (2021); (20) Dragomir et al. (2013); (21) Piaulet et al. (2021); (22) Anderson et al. (2017); (23) Gillon et al. (2017);(24) Rodriguez et al. (2018); (25) Stefansson et al. (2020); (26) Lanotte et al. (2014);(27) Lillo-Box et al. (2020);(28)…”
Background
Predicting the Yield of Small Transiting Exoplanets around Mid-M and Ultracool Dwarfs in the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope Galactic Bulge Time Domain Survey
Tamburo, P., Muirhead, P. S., & Dressing, C. D. (2023) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/acd1de · Cited by 25
Simulations of idealised 3D atmospheric flows on terrestrial planets using LFRic-Atmosphere
Sergeev, D. E., Mayne, N. J., Bendall, T., Boutle, I., Brown, A., Kavčič, I., Kent, J., Kohary, K. I., Manners, J. C., Melvin, T. M., et al. (2023) · Geoscientific model development · doi:10.5194/gmd-16-5601-2023 · Cited by 19
The EBLM Project—From False Positives to Benchmark Stars and Circumbinary Exoplanets
Maxted, P., Triaud, A., & Martin, D. V. (2023) · Universe · doi:10.3390/universe9120498 · Cited by 6
“The first is to improve the accuracy of mass and radius estimates for rocky terrestrial planets being discovered transiting very low-mass stars such as TRAPPIST-1 [3,41] and SPECULOOS-2 [42].”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Dynamics and clouds in planetary atmospheres from telescopic observations
Sánchez-Lavega, A., Irwin, P., & Muñoz, A. G. (2023) · The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review · doi:10.1007/s00159-023-00150-9 · Cited by 18
The sherlock pipeline: new exoplanet candidates in the WASP-16, HAT-P-27, HAT-P-26, and TOI-2411 systems
Dévora-Pajares, M., Pozuelos, F. J., Thuillier, A., Timmermans, M., Grootel, V. V., Bonidie, V., Mota, L. C., & Suárez, J. C. (2024) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stae1740 · Cited by 19
Trapping of low-mass planets outside the truncated inner edges of protoplanetary discs
Miranda, R., & Lai, D. (2017) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stx2706 · Cited by 19
“Disc-driven migration may have played an important role in the assembly of exoplanetary systems with multiple coplanar, transiting planets, such as Kepler 11 (Lissaeur et al. 2011) and TRAPPIST-1 (Gillon et al. 2017).”
Background
Distinguishing the albedo of exoplanets from stellar activity
Serrano, L. M., Barros, S. C. C., Oshagh, M., Santos, N. C., Faria, J. P., Demangeon, O. D. S., Sousa, S. G., & Lendl, M. (2017) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201731206 · Cited by 19
“One of them is the identification of an Earth sibling, a planet with a similar mass and size that is situated in the habitable zone of its star (e.g., Vladilo et al. 2013; Gillon et al. 2017; Ribas et al. 2016; Turbet et al. 2016; O’Malley-James & Kaltenegger 2017).”
Background
Water Loss from Young Planets
Tian, F., Güdel, M., Johnstone, C. P., Lammer, H., Luger, R., & Odert, P. (2018) · Space Science Reviews · doi:10.1007/s11214-018-0490-9 · Cited by 17
Exoplanet transits with next-generation radio telescopes
Pope, B. J. S., Withers, P. G., Callingham, J. R., & Vogt, M. F. (2019) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/sty3512 · Cited by 19
“The optical detection of bright regions on the surface of TRAPPIST-1 (Morris et al. 2018c) indicates the importance of stellar activity for understanding M dwarf planets.”
BackgroundInfluential
Tidal dissipation in stars and giant planets: Jean-Paul Zahn's pioneering work and legacy
Mathis, S. (2019) · EAS Publications Series · doi:10.1051/eas/1982002 · Cited by 19
“On the other hand, from 51 Pegasi-b, the first discovered exoplanet (Mayor & Queloz 1995) to the recently detected Trappist-1 system (Gillon et al. 2017), a large number of the known exoplanets orbit very close to their host stars.”
Background
Repeating fast radio bursts caused by small bodies orbiting a pulsar or a magnetar
Mottez, F., Zarka, P., & Voisin, G. (2020) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202037751 · Cited by 19
“Gillon et al. (2017) have shown that rich planetary systems with short-period planets are possible around main-sequence stars.”
Background
Tidal dissipation in dual-body, highly eccentric, and nonsynchronously rotating systems: Applications to Pluto-Charon and the exoplanet TRAPPIST-1e
Renaud, J. P., Henning, W. G., Saxena, P., Neveu, M. F., Bagheri, A., Mandell, A. M., & Hurford, T. A. (2021) · Repository for Publications and Research Data (ETH Zurich) · doi:10.3929/ethz-b-000513743 · Cited by 19
Dynamical Avenues for Mercury’s Origin. II. In Situ Formation in the Inner Terrestrial Disk
Clement, M. S., & Chambers, J. E. (2021) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abfb6c · Cited by 21
Exoplanet Atmosphere Measurements from Transmission Spectroscopy and Other Planet Star Combined Light Observations
Kreidberg, L. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-30648-3_100-1 · Cited by 19
HADES RV Programme with HARPS-N at TNG
Perger, M., Ribas, I., Damasso, M., Morales, J. C., Affer, L., Mascareño, A. S., Micela, G., Maldonado, J., Hernández, J. I. G., Rebolo, R., et al. (2017) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201731307 · Cited by 19
“Orbital resonances are found to be quite common in exoplanet systems, including the TRAPPIST-1 system, with up to seven planets near mean-motion resonances (Gillon et al. 2017; Luger et al. 2017).”
Background

Authors: Gillon, M., Triaud, A. H. M. J., Demory, B.-O., Jehin, E., Agol, E., Deck, K. M., Lederer, S. M., de Wit, J., Burdanov, A., Ingalls, J. G., Bolmont, E., Leconte, J., Raymond, S. N., Selsis, F., Turbet, M., Barkaoui, K., Burgasser, A., Burleigh, M. R., Carey, S. J., Chaushev, A., Copperwheat, C. M., Delrez, L., Fernandes, C. S., Holdsworth, D. L., Kotze, E. J., Van Grootel, V., Almleaky, Y., Benkhaldoun, Z., Magain, P., & Queloz, D.
Affiliations: University of Liège (BE)
University of Cambridge (GB)
University of Bern (CH)
NASA Astrobiology Institute (US)
California Institute of Technology (US)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US)
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
Cadi Ayyad University (MA)
University of California San Diego (US)
University of Leicester (GB)
University of Lancashire (GB)
South African Astronomical Observatory (ZA)
King Abdulaziz University (SA)
University of Geneva (CH)
Corresponding author: Gillon, Michaël
ORCID: Gillon, Michaël
Triaud, Amaury H. M. J.
Demory, Brice-Olivier
Jehin, Emmanuël
Agol, Eric
Deck, Katherine M.
Lederer, Susan M.
Burdanov, Artem
Ingalls, James G.
Raymond, Sean N.
Selsis, Franck
Turbet, Martin
Barkaoui, Khalid
Burgasser, Adam
Burleigh, Matthew R.
Carey, Sean J.
Delrez, Laetitia
Holdsworth, Daniel L.
Kotze, Enrico J.
Benkhaldoun, Zouhair
Queloz, Didier
Venue: Nature
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2017-02
Volume: 542
Issue: 7642
Pages: 456-460
ISSN: 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
1476-4687
DOI: 10.1038/nature21360
PMC: PMC5330437
OpenAlex: W2590741408
Cited by: 1,555
References: 68
Citations by year: 2026: 55 · 2025: 106 · 2024: 129 · 2023: 124 · 2022: 131 · 2021: 121 · 2020: 251 · 2019: 207 · 2018: 260 · 2017: 164
FWCI: 131.91
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Nature (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
CLOK (University of Central Lancashire) (acceptedVersion)
Liverpool John Moores University (acceptedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
ORBi (University of Liège) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Bern Open Repository and Information System (University of Bern) (submittedVersion)
eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
Figshare (submittedVersion)
Leicester Research Archive (University of Leicester) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Oskar-Bordeaux (Universite de Bordeaux) (submittedVersion)
arXiv (Cornell University)
Funders: National Science Foundation (1615315)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NNX13AF62G)
Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-13-BS05-0003)
Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (163967)
Science and Technology Facilities Council (1362676, ST/L001306/1, ST/L00061X/1, ST/P006892/1, ST/N000757/1, ST/J001465/1, ST/M000966/1, ST/N001524/1, ST/P002218/1, ST/M003035/1)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Instrumentation › Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Space Science and Extraterrestrial Life
Keywords: TRAPPIST-1, exoplanets, Earth-sized planets, transit photometry, orbital resonance, planet migration, equilibrium temperature, habitability, liquid water, atmospheric characterization, planetary system architecture
MeSH terms: Extraterrestrial Environment, Temperature, Water, Planets, Exobiology, Stars, Celestial

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Seven temperate terrestrial planets around the nearby ultracool dwarf star TRAPPIST-1

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