Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 516

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 11 of the 11 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Draft genome sequence and genetic transformation of the oleaginous alga Nannochloropsis gaditana

Open access
Radakovits, Randor, Jinkerson, Robert E., Fuerstenberg, Susan I., Tae, Hongseok, Settlage, Robert E., Boore, Jeffrey L., Posewitz, Matthew C.·2012·Nature Communications

Abstract

The potential use of algae in biofuels applications is receiving significant attention. However, none of the current algal model species are competitive production strains. Here we present a draft genome sequence and a genetic transformation method for the marine microalga Nannochloropsis gaditana CCMP526. We show that N. gaditana has highly favourable lipid yields, and is a promising production organism. The genome assembly includes nuclear (~29 Mb) and organellar genomes, and contains 9,052 gene models. We define the genes required for glycerolipid biogenesis and detail the differential regulation of genes during nitrogen-limited lipid biosynthesis. Phylogenomic analysis identifies genetic attributes of this organism, including unique stramenopile photosynthesis genes and gene expansions that may explain the distinguishing photoautotrophic phenotypes observed. The availability of a genome sequence and transformation methods will facilitate investigations into N. gaditana lipid biosynthesis and permit genetic engineering strategies to further improve this naturally productive alga. Algae show much promise in the production of biofuels owing to their high photoautotrophic biomass and lipid production rates. In this study, the draft genome ofNannochloropsis gaditanaCCMP526 and a method for the transformation of this alga are reported, facilitating the investigation of lipid synthesis and biofuel production.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/ncomms1688

Cites

11 of 11 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 11 references

Research works printed but not linked: 48

  1. Steen, E. J. et al. Microbial production of fatty-acid-derived fuels and chemicals from plant biomass. Nature 463, 559–562 (2010). · DOI · Paper page
  2. Jang, Y.- S. et al. Engineering of microorganisms for the production of biofuels and perspectives based on systems metabolic engineering approaches. Biotech. Adv. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2011.08.015 (2011). · DOI · Paper page
  3. Li, H., Cann, A. F. & Liao, J. C. Biofuels: biomolecular engineering fundamentals and advances. Annu. Rev. Chem. Biomol. Eng. 1, 19–36 (2010). · DOI
  4. Lawrence, P. W. Engineering microbes to produce biofuels. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 22, 388–393 (2011). · DOI
  5. Ducat, D. C., Way, J. C. & Silver, P. A. Engineering cyanobacteria to generate high-value products. Trends Biotechnol. 29, 95–103 (2011). · DOI · Paper page
  6. Jinkerson, R. E., Subramanian, V. & Posewitz, M. C. Improving biofuel production in phototrophic microorganisms with systems biology. Biofuels 2, 125–144 (2011). · DOI
  7. Gouveia, L. & Oliveira, A. Microalgae as a raw material for biofuels production. J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 36, 269–274 (2009). · DOI · Paper page
  8. Zou, N., Zhang, C., Cohen, Z. & Richmond, A. Production of cell mass and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in ultrahigh cell density cultures of Nannochloropsis sp. (Eustigmatophyceae). Eur. J Phycol. 35, 127–133 (2000). · DOI
  9. Merchant, S. S. et al. The Chlamydomonas genome reveals the evolution of key animal and plant functions. Science 318, 245–250 (2007). · DOI · Paper page
  10. Bowler, C. et al. The Phaeodactylum genome reveals the evolutionary history of diatom genomes. Nature 456, 239–244 (2008). · DOI · Paper page
  11. Siaut, M. et al. Molecular toolbox for studying diatom biology in Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Gene 406, 23–35 (2007). · DOI · Paper page
  12. Zaslavskaia, L. A., Lippmeier, J. C., Kroth, P. G., Grossman, A. R. & Apt, K. E. Transformation of the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Bacillariophyceae) with a variety of selectable marker and reporter genes. J. Phycol. 36, 379–386 (2000). · DOI · Paper page
  13. Boynton, J. et al. Chloroplast transformation in Chlamydomonas with high velocity microprojectiles. Science 240, 1534–1538 (1988). · DOI · Paper page
  14. Kindle, K. L. High-frequency nuclear transformation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 87, 1228–1232 (1990). · DOI · Paper page
  15. Radakovits, R., Eduafo, P. M. & Posewitz, M. C. Genetic engineering of fatty acid chain length in Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Metab. Eng. 13, 89–95 (2011). · DOI · Paper page
  16. Work, V. H. et al. Increased lipid accumulation in the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii sta7–10 starchless isoamylase mutant and increased carbohydrate synthesis in complemented strains. Eukaryot. Cell 9, 1251–1261 (2010). · DOI · Paper page
  17. Wang, Z. T., Ullrich, N., Joo, S., Waffenschmidt, S. & Goodenough, U. Algal Lipid Bodies: stress induction, purification, and biochemical characterization in wild-type and starchless Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Eukaryot. Cell 8, 1856–1868 (2009). · DOI · Paper page
  18. Li, Y. et al. Chlamydomonas starchless mutant defective in ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase hyper-accumulates triacylglycerol. Metab. Eng. 12, 387–391 (2010). · DOI · Paper page
  19. Simionato, D. et al. Acclimation of Nannochloropsis gaditana to different illumination regimes: effects on lipids accumulation. Bioresource Technol. 102, 6026–6032 (2011). · DOI · Paper page
  20. Boussiba, S., Vonshak, A., Cohen, Z., Avissar, Y. & Richmond, A. Lipid and biomass production by the halotolerant microalga Nannochloropsis salina. Biomass 12, 37–47 (1987). · DOI · Paper page
  21. Kilian, O., Benemann, C. S. E., Niyogi, K. K. & Vick, B. High-efficiency homologous recombination in the oil-producing alga Nannochloropsis sp. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 108, 20859–20860 (2011). · DOI · Paper page
  22. Hu, Q. et al. Microalgal triacylglycerols as feedstocks for biofuel production: perspectives and advances. Plant J. 54, 621–639 (2008). · DOI · Paper page
  23. Sumathi, S., Chai, S. P. & Mohamed, A. R. Utilization of oil palm as a source of renewable energy in Malaysia. Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev. 12, 2404–2421 (2008). · DOI · Paper page
  24. Oudot-Le Secq, M.- P. et al. Chloroplast genomes of the diatoms Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Thalassiosira pseudonana comparison with other plastid genomes of the red lineage. Mol. Genet. Genomics 277, 427–439 (2007). · DOI · Paper page
  25. Cantarel, B. L. et al. MAKER: an easy-to-use annotation pipeline designed for emerging model organism genomes. Genome Res. 18, 188–196 (2008). · DOI · Paper page
  26. Quesada, A. & Fernández, E. Expression of nitrate assimilation related genes in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Plant Mol. Biol. 24, 185–194 (1994). · DOI
  27. Cock, J. M. et al. The Ectocarpus genome and the independent evolution of multicellularity in brown algae. Nature 465, 617–621 (2010). · DOI · Paper page
  28. Blanc, G. et al. The Chlorella variabilis NC64A genome reveals adaptation to photosymbiosis, coevolution with viruses, and cryptic sex. Plant Cell 22, 2943–2955 (2010). · DOI · Paper page
  29. Matsuzaki, M. et al. Genome sequence of the ultrasmall unicellular red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae 10D. Nature 428, 653–657 (2004). · DOI · Paper page
  30. Armbrust, E. V. et al. The genome of the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana: ecology, evolution, and metabolism. Science 306, 79–86 (2004). · DOI · Paper page
  31. Karpowicz, S. J., Prochnik, S. E., Grossman, A. R. & Merchant, S. S. The GreenCut2 resource, a phylogenomically derived inventory of proteins specific to the plant lineage. J. Biol. Chem. 286, 21427–21439 (2011). · DOI
  32. Miller, R. et al. Changes in transcript abundance in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii following nitrogen-deprivation predict diversion of metabolism. Plant Physiol. 154, 1737–1752 (2010). · DOI · Paper page
  33. Eisenreich, W., Bacher, A., Arigoni, D. & Rohdich, F. Biosynthesis of isoprenoids via the non-mevalonate pathway. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 61, 1401–1426 (2004). · DOI · Paper page
  34. Reinfelder, J. R. Carbon concentrating mechanisms in eukaryotic marine phytoplankton. Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci. 3, 291–315 (2011). · DOI · Paper page
  35. Huertas, I. E., Colman, B. & Espie, G. S. Inorganic carbon acquisition and its energization in eustigmatophyte algae. Funct. Plant Biol. 29, 271–277 (2002). · DOI
  36. Huertas, I. E. & Lubian, L. M. Comparative study of dissolved inorganic carbon utilization and photosynthetic responses in Nannochloris (Chlorophyceae) and Nannochloropsis (Eustigmatophyceae) species. Can. J. Bot. 76, 1104–1108 (1998).
  37. Roberts, K., Granum, E., Leegood, R. C. & Raven, J. A. C3 and C4 pathways of photosynthetic carbon assimilation in marine diatoms are under genetic, not environmental, control. Plant Physiol. 145, 230–235 (2007). · DOI · Paper page
  38. Kroth, P. G. et al. A model for carbohydrate metabolism in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum deduced from comparative whole genome analysis. PLoS ONE 3, e1426 (2008). · DOI · Paper page
  39. Edwards, G. E., Franceschi, V. R. & Voznesenskaya, E. V. Single-cell C-4 photosynthesis versus the dual-cell (Kranz) paradigm. Annu. Rev. Plant Biol. 55, 173–196 (2004). · DOI · Paper page
  40. Offermann, S., Okita, T. W. & Edwards, G. E. Resolving the compartmentation and function of C4 photosynthesis in the single-cell C4 species Bienertia sinuspersici. Plant Physiol. 155, 1612–1628 (2011). · DOI
  41. Emanuelsson, O., Brunak, S., von Heijne, G. & Nielsen, H. Locating proteins in the cell using TargetP, SignalP and related tools. Nat. Protoc. 2, 953–971 (2007). · DOI · Paper page
  42. Gschloessl, B., Guermeur, Y. & Cock, J. M. HECTAR: a method to predict subcellular targeting in heterokonts. BMC Bioinformatics 9, 393 (2008). · DOI · Paper page
  43. Apt, K. E., Grossman, A. R. & Kroth-Pancic, P. G. Stable nuclear transformation of the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Mol. Gen. Genet. 252, 572–579 (1996).
  44. Chen, H. L., Li, S. S., Huang, R. & Tsai, H.- J. Conditional production of a functional fish growth hormone in the transgenic line of Nannochloropsis oculata (Eustigmatophyceae). J. Phycol. 44, 768–776 (2008). · DOI
  45. Newman, S. M. et al. Transformation of chloroplast ribosomal RNA genes in Chlamydomonas: molecular and genetic characterization of integration events. Genetics 126, 875–888 (1990). · DOI · Paper page
  46. Zerbino, D. R. & Birney, E. Velvet: algorithms for de novo short read assembly using de Bruijn graphs. Genome Res. 18, 821–829 (2008). · DOI · Paper page
  47. Zerbino, D. R., McEwen, G. K., Margulies, E. H. & Birney, E. Pebble and Rock Band: heuristic resolution of repeats and scaffolding in the Velvet short-read de novo assembler. PLoS ONE 4, 8407 (2009). · DOI · Paper page
  48. Tyler, B. M. et al. Phytophthora genome sequences uncover evolutionary origins and mechanisms of pathogenesis. Science 313, 1261–1266 (2006). · DOI · Paper page

Cited by

See all 516

Metadata

Authors
Radakovits, R., Jinkerson, R. E., Fuerstenberg, S. I., Tae, H., Settlage, R. E., Boore, J. L., & Posewitz, M. C.
Venue
Nature Communications
Published
2012-02-21
Volume
3
Issue
1
Pages
686-686
ISSN
2041-1723 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2084322857
Cited by
516
References
11
FWCI
19.19
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
hybrid
Licence

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Draft genome sequence and genetic transformation of the oleaginous alga Nannochloropsis gaditana. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1038/ncomms1688
The paper
Radakovits, R., Jinkerson, R. E., Fuerstenberg, S. I., Tae, H., Settlage, R. E., Boore, J. L., & Posewitz, M. C. (2012). Draft genome sequence and genetic transformation of the oleaginous alga Nannochloropsis gaditana. Nature Communications. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms1688

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.