HRDetect is a predictor of BRCA1 and BRCA2 deficiency based on mutational signatures
Open accessAbstract
Approximately 1–5% of breast cancers are attributed to inherited mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 and are selectively sensitive to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. In other cancer types, germline and/or somatic mutations in BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 (BRCA1/BRCA2) also confer selective sensitivity to PARP inhibitors. Thus, assays to detect BRCA1/BRCA2-deficient tumors have been sought. Recently, somatic substitution, insertion/deletion and rearrangement patterns, or 'mutational signatures', were associated with BRCA1/BRCA2 dysfunction. Herein we used a lasso logistic regression model to identify six distinguishing mutational signatures predictive of BRCA1/BRCA2 deficiency. A weighted model called HRDetect was developed to accurately detect BRCA1/BRCA2-deficient samples. HRDetect identifies BRCA1/BRCA2-deficient tumors with 98.7% sensitivity (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.98). Application of this model in a cohort of 560 individuals with breast cancer, of whom 22 were known to carry a germline BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation, allowed us to identify an additional 22 tumors with somatic loss of BRCA1 or BRCA2 and 47 tumors with functional BRCA1/BRCA2 deficiency where no mutation was detected. We validated HRDetect on independent cohorts of breast, ovarian and pancreatic cancers and demonstrated its efficacy in alternative sequencing strategies. Integrating all of the classes of mutational signatures thus reveals a larger proportion of individuals with breast cancer harboring BRCA1/BRCA2 deficiency (up to 22%) than hitherto appreciated (∼1–5%) who could have selective therapeutic sensitivity to PARP inhibition.
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CHORD performs similarly to HRDetect based on predictions on the BRCA-EU dataset (AUROC = 0.98 for both models).
“We note that CHORD performs similarly to HRDetect based on predictions on the BRCA-EU dataset (AUROC = 0.98 for both models)9.”
From Pan-cancer landscape of homologous recombination deficiency. (2020) · cites this paper as [9]
The Results and Online Methods report an AUROC of 0.98 for HRDetect on the paper’s breast-cancer cohort (page numbers unavailable). They do not report CHORD predictions or a comparison on a dataset identified as BRCA-EU, so the claim that both models achieved 0.98 there is not supported by this source. (LLM, conf=0.90)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe genomic profile of solid tumors with BRCA inactivation is characterized by unique patterns of indels and structural variants.
“As consequence of these the genomic profile of these tumors is characterized by unique patterns of indels and structural variants.48”
From Evolution of Multiple Myeloma from a Genomic Perspective (2026) · cites this paper as [48]
The Results section, “Quantitatively defining features of ‘BRCA’ness” (page not provided), reports distinctive deletion and rearrangement patterns in BRCA1/BRCA2-null breast tumors. This supports the pattern described, but the evidence for both indels and structural variants is from breast tumors, not solid tumors generally. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThese features were used to develop a breast cancer-specific predictor of HRD known as HRDetect.
“These features were used to develop a breast cancer-specific predictor of HRD known as HRDetect9.”
From Pan-cancer landscape of homologous recombination deficiency. (2020) · cites this paper as [9]
HRDetect is a mutational-signature-based algorithm designed to detect BRCAness or homologous-recombination-repair deficiency, using default breast-cancer-specific parameters.
“we applied a mutational-signature-based algorithm, HRDetect9 designed to detect “BRCA”ness or Homologous-recombination-repair deficiency (HRD)10, using default breast-cancer-specific parameters.”
From Whole-genome sequencing of triple-negative breast cancers in a population-based clinical study (2019) · cites this paper as [9]
HRDetect classified 58.6% of the TNBCs as HRDetect-high, 35.9% as HRDetect-low, and 5.5% as intermediate.
“More than half of TNBCs (58.6%) were classified as HRDetect-high (exceeding predefined score of 0.7, predictive of BRCA1/BRCA2-deficiency9). 35.9% were classified as HRDetect-low (score <0.2), 5.5% fell within an HRD-intermediate category (score 0.2-0.7)”
From Whole-genome sequencing of triple-negative breast cancers in a population-based clinical study (2019) · cites this paper as [9]
Combining multiple mutational signatures or using HRDetect classified tumour HR status better than individual mutational signatures alone.
“We show that the combination of multiple mutational signatures or HRDetect [7] enabled better classification of the HR status in tumours than when using individual mutational signatures alone”
From Whole-genome sequencing reveals clinically relevant insights into the aetiology of familial breast cancers (2019) · cites this paper as [7]
Loss of BRCA1, BRCA2, or PALB2 function produces a high mutation burden and specific signatures indicating defective homologous recombination.
“Loss of function of BRCA1, BRCA2 and PALB2 yield a high mutation burden and specific signatures inferring defective HR [7, 9, 10, 13].”
From Whole-genome sequencing reveals clinically relevant insights into the aetiology of familial breast cancers (2019) · cites this paper as [7]
Loss of PALB2 function is linked to BRCA-deficient signatures.
“supporting previous studies linking loss of PALB2 function with BRCA-deficient signatures [7, 10, 13].”
From Whole-genome sequencing reveals clinically relevant insights into the aetiology of familial breast cancers (2019) · cites this paper as [7]
WGS and HRDetect improve classification of tumours as BRCA-proficient or deficient compared with individual genomic parameters such as HRD score and substitution signature 3.
“We confirm the utility of WGS and HRDetect [7] to enhance the stratification of tumours as being BRCA-proficient versus deficient compared with individual genomic parameters (e.g. HRD score and substitution signature 3).”
From Whole-genome sequencing reveals clinically relevant insights into the aetiology of familial breast cancers (2019) · cites this paper as [7]
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Self-citationBRCA locus-specific loss of heterozygosity in germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers
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Samstein, R. M., Krishna, C., Ma, X., Pei, X., Lee, K.-W., Makarov, V., Kuo, F., Chung, J., Srivastava, R. M., Purohit, T. A., et al. (2020) · Nature Cancer · doi:10.1038/s43018-020-00139-8 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
Genomic instability, inflammatory signaling and response to cancer immunotherapy
Chen, M., Linstra, R., & van Vugt, M. A. T. M. (2022) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188661 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Javle, M., Shacham-Shmueli, E., Xiao, L., Varadhachary, G., Halpern, N., Fogelman, D., Boursi, B., Uruba, S., Margalit, O., Wolff, R. A., et al. (2021) · JAMA Oncology · doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2021.0006 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Póti, Á., Gyergyák, H., Németh, E., Rusz, O., Tóth, S., Kovácsházi, C., Chen, D., Szikriszt, B., Spisák, S., Takeda, S., et al. (2019) · Genome Biology · doi:10.1186/s13059-019-1867-0 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Self-citationA Subset of Colorectal Cancers with Cross-Sensitivity to Olaparib and Oxaliplatin
Arena, S., Corti, G., Durinikova, E., Montone, M., Reilly, N. M., Russo, M., Lorenzato, A., Arcella, P., Lazzari, L., Rospo, G., et al. (2020) · Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-2409 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Portrait of a cancer: mutational signature analyses for cancer diagnostics
Van Hoeck, A., Tjoonk, N. H., van Boxtel, R., & Cuppen, E. (2019) · BMC Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12885-019-5677-2 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
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“We confirm the utility of WGS and HRDetect [7] to enhance the stratification of tumours as being BRCA-proficient versus deficient compared with individual genomic parameters (e.g. HRD score and substitution signature 3).”
InfluentialSelf-citationWhole-Genome Sequencing Reveals Breast Cancers with Mismatch Repair Deficiency
Davies, H., Morganella, S., Purdie, C. A., Jang, S. J., Borgen, E., Russnes, H., Glodzik, D., Zou, X., Viari, A., Richardson, A. L., et al. (2017) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-1083 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Self-citationGenome Sequencing during a Patient’s Journey through Cancer
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Self-citationBiomarkers for Response to Immune Checkpoint Blockade
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Targeting the DNA Damage Response Pathway as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy in Colorectal Cancer
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Targeting DNA damage repair pathways in pancreas cancer
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Evolution of Multiple Myeloma from a Genomic Perspective
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- Authors
- Davies, H., Glodzik, D., Morganella, S., Yates, L. R., Staaf, J., Zou, X., Ramakrishna, M., Martin, S., Boyault, S., Sieuwerts, A. M., Simpson, P. T., King, T. A., Raine, K., Eyfjord, J. E., Kong, G., Borg, Å., Birney, E., Stunnenberg, H. G., van de Vijver, M. J., Børresen-Dale, A.-L., Martens, J. W. M., Span, P. N., Lakhani, S. R., Vincent-Salomon, A., Sotiriou, C., Tutt, A., Thompson, A. M., Van Laere, S., Richardson, A. L., Viari, A., Campbell, P. J., Stratton, M. R., & Nik-Zainal, S.
- Affiliations
- Wellcome Sanger Institute (GB)
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (GB)
- Lund University (SE)
- AstraZeneca (United Kingdom) (GB)
- Centre Léon Bérard (FR)
- Erasmus MC (NL)
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (US)
- University of Iceland (IS)
- Hanyang University (KR)
- European Bioinformatics Institute (GB)
- Radboud University Nijmegen (NL)
- Radboud University Medical Center (NL)
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (BE)
- Institute of Cancer Research (GB)
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (US)
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies du numérique (FR)
- ORCID
- Davies, Helen
- Morganella, Sandro
- Yates, Lucy R
- Staaf, Johan
- Zou, Xueqing
- Ramakrishna, Manasa
- Martin, Sancha
- Boyault, Sandrine
- Sieuwerts, Anieta M
- Simpson, Peter T
- King, Tari A
- Raine, Keiran
- Kong, Gu
- Borg, Åke
- Birney, Ewan
- Stunnenberg, Hendrik G
- Martens, John W M
- Span, Paul N
- Lakhani, Sunil R
- Sotiriou, Christos
- Tutt, Andrew
- Richardson, Andrea L
- Viari, Alain
- Stratton, Michael R
- Venue
- Nature Medicine
- Published
- 2017-03-13
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 517-525
- ISSN
- 1078-8956 (ISSN-L)
- 1546-170X
- PMC
- PMC5833945
- OpenAlex
- W2596164112
- Semantic Scholar
- 832a0e972e79dbe5a66f63f24860aa273171515d
- Cited by
- 1,086
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 81 · 2025: 106 · 2024: 108 · 2023: 180 · 2022: 149 · 2021: 148 · 2020: 116 · 2019: 89 · 2018: 78 · 2017: 30
- FWCI
- 56.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- pure.amsterdamumc.nl
- Licence
- other-oa
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Apollo (University of Cambridge) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
- RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Dépôt institutionnel de l'Université libre de Bruxelles (Université Libre de Bruxelles) (submittedVersion)
- Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
- Apollo
- Funders
- Breast Cancer Research Foundation
- Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center (P50 CA168504)
- Wellcome Trust (077012/Z/05/Z, WT100183MA)
- Cancer Research UK (23916, 22932, 23433)
- National Institute for Health and Care Research
- European Commission (242006)
- National Research Foundation
- Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
- National Research Foundation of Korea (2015R1A2A1A10052578)
- Institut National Du Cancer
- National Institutes of Health
- National Cancer Institute (CA168504, P50CA168504)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › BRCA gene mutations in cancer
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › PARP inhibition in cancer therapy
- Keywords
- BRCA1 deficiency, BRCA2 deficiency, mutational signatures, homologous recombination deficiency, BRCAness, PARP inhibitors, platinum-based chemotherapy, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, prediction model, LASSO logistic regression
- MeSH terms
- Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors, Breast Neoplasms, DNA Mutational Analysis, Female, Humans, Male, Models, Genetic, Mutation, Ovarian Neoplasms, Pancreatic Neoplasms, Logistic Models, Breast Neoplasms, Male, BRCA1 Protein, Area Under Curve, BRCA2 Protein
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