Cited by 869DNA Repair MechanismsBRCA gene mutations in cancerPARP inhibition in cancer therapy

Homologous Recombination and Human Health: The Roles of BRCA1, BRCA2, and Associated Proteins

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Prakash, Rohit, Zhang, Yu, Feng, Weiran, Jasin, Maria·2015·Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology

Abstract

Homologous recombination (HR) is a major pathway for the repair of DNA double-strand breaks in mammalian cells, the defining step of which is homologous strand exchange directed by the RAD51 protein. The physiological importance of HR is underscored by the observation of genomic instability in HR-deficient cells and, importantly, the association of cancer predisposition and developmental defects with mutations in HR genes. The tumor suppressors BRCA1 and BRCA2, key players at different stages of HR, are frequently mutated in familial breast and ovarian cancers. Other HR proteins, including PALB2 and RAD51 paralogs, have also been identified as tumor suppressors. This review summarizes recent findings on BRCA1, BRCA2, and associated proteins involved in human disease with an emphasis on their molecular roles and interactions.

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  • The complex aids resection of DNA ends, producing a single-stranded template that recruits BRCA2-PALB2 and RAD51.

    “BRCA1-BARD1 facilitates the nucleolytic resection of DNA ends to generate a single-stranded template for the recruitment of another tumor suppressor complex BRCA2-PALB2 and the recombinase RAD51.”

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Authors
Prakash, R., Zhang, Y., Feng, W., & Jasin, M.
Affiliations
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (US)
Venue
Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology
Published
2015-04
Volume
7
Issue
4
Pages
a016600
ISSN
1943-0264 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2104003823
Cited by
869
References
296
Citations by year
2026: 64 · 2025: 80 · 2024: 82 · 2023: 75 · 2022: 97 · 2021: 113 · 2020: 77 · 2019: 61 · 2018: 72 · 2017: 66 · 2016: 66 · 2015: 14 · 2013: 1
Type
posted content
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Cancer Institute (CA185660, R01CA185660)
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (F32GM110978, GM110978, R01GM054668, GM054668)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA Repair Mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › BRCA gene mutations in cancer
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › PARP inhibition in cancer therapy
Keywords
homologous recombination, BRCA1, BRCA2, RAD51, DNA double-strand break repair, genomic instability, cancer susceptibility, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, PALB2, RAD51 paralogs, tumor suppressor, developmental defects, protein-protein interaction
MeSH terms
Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group N Protein, Animals, Humans, Neoplasms, Nuclear Proteins, BRCA1 Protein, BRCA2 Protein, Tumor Suppressor Proteins, Rad51 Recombinase, Homologous Recombination

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