Homologous Recombination and Human Health: The Roles of BRCA1, BRCA2, and Associated Proteins
Open accessAbstract
Homologous recombination (HR) is a major pathway for the repair of DNA double-strand breaks in mammalian cells, the defining step of which is homologous strand exchange directed by the RAD51 protein. The physiological importance of HR is underscored by the observation of genomic instability in HR-deficient cells and, importantly, the association of cancer predisposition and developmental defects with mutations in HR genes. The tumor suppressors BRCA1 and BRCA2, key players at different stages of HR, are frequently mutated in familial breast and ovarian cancers. Other HR proteins, including PALB2 and RAD51 paralogs, have also been identified as tumor suppressors. This review summarizes recent findings on BRCA1, BRCA2, and associated proteins involved in human disease with an emphasis on their molecular roles and interactions.
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The complex aids resection of DNA ends, producing a single-stranded template that recruits BRCA2-PALB2 and RAD51.
“BRCA1-BARD1 facilitates the nucleolytic resection of DNA ends to generate a single-stranded template for the recruitment of another tumor suppressor complex BRCA2-PALB2 and the recombinase RAD51.”
From BRCA1–BARD1 promotes RAD51-mediated homologous DNA pairing (2017) · cites this paper as [4]
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Lord, C. J., & Ashworth, A. (2016) · Nature Reviews Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc.2015.21 · Cited by 1,257 · see citing works
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BRCA1–BARD1 promotes RAD51-mediated homologous DNA pairing
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Forging Ahead through Darkness: PCNA, Still the Principal Conductor at the Replication Fork
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Mutational signatures reveal the role of RAD52 in p53-independent p21-driven genomic instability
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Targeting DNA Damage Response and Immune Checkpoint for Anticancer Therapy
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Breast cancer: miRNAs monitoring chemoresistance and systemic therapy
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- Authors
- Prakash, R., Zhang, Y., Feng, W., & Jasin, M.
- Affiliations
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (US)
- Venue
- Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology
- Publisher
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
- Published
- 2015-04
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- a016600
- ISSN
- 1943-0264 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4382744
- OpenAlex
- W2104003823
- Cited by
- 869
- References
- 296
- Citations by year
- 2026: 64 · 2025: 80 · 2024: 82 · 2023: 75 · 2022: 97 · 2021: 113 · 2020: 77 · 2019: 61 · 2018: 72 · 2017: 66 · 2016: 66 · 2015: 14 · 2013: 1
- Type
- posted content
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Cancer Institute (CA185660, R01CA185660)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (F32GM110978, GM110978, R01GM054668, GM054668)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › BRCA gene mutations in cancer
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › PARP inhibition in cancer therapy
- Keywords
- homologous recombination, BRCA1, BRCA2, RAD51, DNA double-strand break repair, genomic instability, cancer susceptibility, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, PALB2, RAD51 paralogs, tumor suppressor, developmental defects, protein-protein interaction
- MeSH terms
- Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group N Protein, Animals, Humans, Neoplasms, Nuclear Proteins, BRCA1 Protein, BRCA2 Protein, Tumor Suppressor Proteins, Rad51 Recombinase, Homologous Recombination
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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