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Cited by 385

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Motivational activation: a unifying hypothesis of orexin/hypocretin function

Open access
Mahler, Stephen V, Moorman, David E, Smith, Rachel J, James, Morgan H, Aston-Jones, Gary·2014·Nature Neuroscience

Abstract

Orexins (hypocretins) are two peptides (orexin A and B) produced from the pre-pro-orexin precursor and expressed in a limited region of dorsolateral hypothalamus. Orexins were originally thought to specifically mediate feeding and promote wakefulness, but it is now clear that they participate in a wide range of behavioral and physiological processes under select circumstances. Orexins primarily mediate behavior under situations of high motivational relevance, such as during physiological need states, exposure to threats or reward opportunities. We hypothesize that many behavioral functions of orexins (including regulation of sleep/wake cycling) reflect a fundamentally integrated function for orexins in translating motivational activation into organized suites of psychological and physiological processes supporting adaptive behaviors. We also discuss how numerous forms of neural heterogeneity modulate this function, allowing orexin neurons to organize diverse, adaptive responses in a variety of motivationally relevant situations. Thus, the involvement of orexins in diverse behaviors may reflect a common underlying function for this peptide system.

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Metadata

Authors
Mahler, S. V., Moorman, D. E., Smith, R. J., James, M. H., & Aston-Jones, G.
Venue
Nature Neuroscience
Published
2014-09-25
Volume
17
Issue
10
Pages
1298-1303
ISSN
  • 1097-6256 (ISSN-L)
  • 1546-1726
OpenAlex
W2058070208
Cited by
385
References
9
FWCI
16.00
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Motivational activation: a unifying hypothesis of orexin/hypocretin function. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1038/nn.3810
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Mahler, S. V., Moorman, D. E., Smith, R. J., James, M. H., & Aston-Jones, G. (2014). Motivational activation: a unifying hypothesis of orexin/hypocretin function. Nature Neuroscience. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.3810

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