ALS-causing SOD1 mutants generate vascular changes prior to motor neuron degeneration
Open accessAbstract
We report here that amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-linked superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) mutants with different biochemical characteristics disrupted the blood-spinal cord barrier in mice by reducing the levels of the tight junction proteins ZO-1, occludin and claudin-5 between endothelial cells. This resulted in microhemorrhages with release of neurotoxic hemoglobin-derived products, reductions in microcirculation and hypoperfusion. SOD1 mutant-mediated endothelial damage accumulated before motor neuron degeneration and the neurovascular inflammatory response occurred, indicating that it was a central contributor to disease initiation.
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Studies in SOD1 transgenic mice expressing dismutase-active (G93A and G37R) and dismutase-inactive (G85R) mutations have suggested that BSCB breakdown occurs before motor neuron injury.
“Studies in SOD1 transgenic mice expressing dismutase-active (G93A and G37R) and dismutase-inactive (G85R) mutations have suggested that BSCB breakdown occurs before motor neuron injury (194, 415, 651, 687, 688).”
From Blood-Brain Barrier: From Physiology to Disease and Back (2019) · cites this paper as [687]
The passage describing IgG leakage (provided passage 2) reports substantial BSCB breakdown in G93A, G37R and G85R mice before motor neuron loss. It says leakage was **prior to or contemporaneous with** initial axonal withdrawal, however, so the broader claim that breakdown occurred before motor neuron injury is not established for every line. The supplied copy labels this passage Abstract and gives no page number. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredBBB disruption including diminished levels of tight junction proteins, IgG and hemosiderin perivascular deposits, and GLUT1 reduction has been shown to precede neuroinflammation, motor neuron loss, and motor impairment in different types of SOD1 mutants.
“BBB disruption including diminished levels of TJ proteins, immunoglobulin G (IgG) and hemosiderin perivascular deposits, and GLUT1 reduction has been shown to precede neuroinflammation, motor neuron loss, and motor impairment in different types of SOD1 mutants (415, 687, 688).”
From Blood-Brain Barrier: From Physiology to Disease and Back (2019) · cites this paper as [687]
The supplied passages (labeled Abstract; Figs. 1–2) report early tight-junction protein reductions, IgG leakage, and hemosiderin deposits in multiple SOD1-mutant mouse lines, before motor neuron loss and inflammatory changes. But the Fig. 2a passage explicitly says that Glut1 levels were not affected by the SOD1 mutation, contrary to the claimed GLUT1 reduction. (LLM, conf=0.90)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredSOD1 G93A mice develop ultrastructural capillary alterations, extravasation of red blood cells, and deposition of fibrin(ogen) and hemosiderin deposits in the brain stem and spinal cord early in the disease.
“For instance, SOD1 G93A mice develop ultrastructural capillary alterations, extravasation of RBCs, and deposition of fibrin(ogen) and hemosiderin deposits in the brain stem and spinal cord early in the disease (194, 651, 687).”
From Blood-Brain Barrier: From Physiology to Disease and Back (2019) · cites this paper as [687]
The paper reports capillary ultrastructural changes and presymptomatic hemosiderin deposits in SOD1 G93A mice, mainly in the spinal cord’s anterior horn (Abstract, no page given). It discusses extravasated red blood cells in connection with microhemorrhages, but the passages do not report fibrin(ogen) deposits or establish the claimed findings in the brain stem. (LLM, conf=0.87)
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- Authors
- Zhong, Z., Deane, R., Ali, Z., Parisi, M., Shapovalov, Y., O'Banion, M. K., Stojanovic, K., Sagare, A., Boillee, S., Cleveland, D. W., & Zlokovic, B. V.
- Affiliations
- University of Rochester Medicine (US)
- Ludwig Cancer Research (BE)
- Venue
- Nature Neuroscience
- Published
- 2008-03-16
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 420-422
- ISSN
- 1097-6256 (ISSN-L)
- 1546-1726
- PMC
- PMC2895310
- OpenAlex
- W1968758728
- Cited by
- 476
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 32 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 31
- FWCI
- 23.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (R37AG023084)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL63290, R01HL063290)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R37NS034467, R37 NS 27036, R37NS027036, R01NS034467, R37NS34467)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Barrier Structure and Function Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Spinal Cord Injury Research
- Keywords
- amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, mutant SOD1, blood-spinal cord barrier, tight junction proteins, ZO-1, occludin, claudin-5, endothelial injury, microhemorrhages, microcirculation, hypoperfusion, neurovascular inflammation, motor neuron degeneration, disease initiation
- MeSH terms
- Superoxide Dismutase-1, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Animals, Blood-Brain Barrier, Capillaries, Endothelium, Vascular, Hemorrhage, Humans, Isoenzymes, Membrane Proteins, Mice, Mutant Strains, Motor Neurons, Nerve Degeneration, Phosphoproteins, Spinal Cord, Superoxide Dismutase, Disease Progression, Tight Junctions, Mice, Claudin-5, Occludin, Zonula Occludens-1 Protein
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