Effects of Acute Stimulant Medication on Cerebral Metabolism in Adults with Hyperactivity
Abstract
Recent work in our laboratory has demonstrated both global and regional reductions in cerebral glucose metabolism in adult subjects with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of an acute dose of stimulant medication on cerebral metabolism in adults with ADHD using positron emission tomography with fluorodeoxyglucose-18 as the tracer. Each subject underwent scanning twice, once off-drug and again after receiving a single oral dose of either dextroamphetamine (0.25 mg/kg) or methylphenidate (0.35 mg/kg). Subjects completed behavioral self-report measures before and after the scan and performed an auditory continuous performance task during the tracer uptake period. Neither drug changed global metabolism. Both drugs increased systolic blood pressure, and dextroamphetamine improved performance on the auditory attention task. Each stimulant produced a differential pattern of increases and decreases in regional metabolism throughout the regions of interest that were sampled. Rather than increasing glucose utilization in specific brain regions with lowered metabolic rates in adults with ADHD, stimulants may act by altering glucose use throughout the brain.
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Treatment with methylphenidate normalizes the hypoperfusion of prefrontal areas and is associated with corresponding improvement in ADHD symptoms.
“treatment with methylphenidate normalizes the hypoperfusion of prefrontal areas and is associated with corresponding improvement in ADHD symptoms [60][61][62][63][64][65].”
From Adult ADHD and comorbid disorders: clinical implications of a dimensional approach (2017) · cites this paper as [62]
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- Authors
- Matochik, J. A., Nordahl, T. E., Gross, M., Semple, W. E., King, A. C., Cohen, R. M., & Zametkin, A. J.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- ORCID
- Nordahl, Thomas E.
- Venue
- Neuropsychopharmacology
- Published
- 1993-06
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 377-386
- ISSN
- 0893-133X (ISSN-L)
- 1740-634X
- OpenAlex
- W2076168139
- Cited by
- 105
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 4.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Neuropsychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- NIH Clinical Center
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, adult ADHD, stimulant medication, d-amphetamine, methylphenidate, brain glucose metabolism, regional brain metabolism, auditory attention, blood pressure
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Behavior, Brain, Dextroamphetamine, Female, Humans, Male, Methylphenidate, Middle Aged, Task Performance and Analysis, Tomography, Emission-Computed
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