Cerebral glucose metabolism in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder after chronic stimulant treatment
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The authors examined the effects of chronic stimulant treatment on cerebral glucose metabolism in adults diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), who were studied by means of positron emission tomography (PET) with [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose as the tracer. METHOD: Each subject received two PET scans, the first before drug treatment and the second after treatment with daily oral doses, individually titrated for clinical effect, of either methylphenidate (N = 19) or d-amphetamine (N = 18) for a minimum of 6 weeks. The subjects completed behavioral self-report measures before and at the end of the medication period. RESULTS: Neither stimulant medication changed global, or whole-brain, metabolism, although both drugs increased systolic blood pressure. Metabolism in only two of the 60 brain regions sampled was changed by methylphenidate, while d-amphetamine exhibited no effect on regional metabolism. Both drugs were associated with significant improvement in behavior, as evidenced by improved ratings for restlessness and ability to maintain attention. CONCLUSIONS: While the present study does not demonstrate any robust metabolic effects of chronic stimulant treatment, the behavioral data strongly indicate that methylphenidate and d-amphetamine are effective agents for the treatment of adults with ADHD.
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Treatment with methylphenidate normalizes the hypoperfusion of prefrontal areas and is associated with corresponding improvement in ADHD symptoms.
“treatment with methylphenidate normalizes the hypoperfusion of prefrontal areas and is associated with corresponding improvement in ADHD symptoms [60][61][62][63][64][65].”
From Adult ADHD and comorbid disorders: clinical implications of a dimensional approach (2017) · cites this paper as [63]
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- Authors
- Matochik, J. A., Liebenauer, L. L., King, A. C., Szymanski, H. V., Cohen, R. M., & Zametkin, A. J.
- Affiliations
- National Institute of Mental Health (US)
- ORCID
- Andrea C. King
- Venue
- American Journal of Psychiatry
- Published
- 1994-05-01
- Volume
- 151
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 658-664
- ISSN
- 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
- 1535-7228
- OpenAlex
- W57930234
- Cited by
- 129
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 4.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neuroethics, Human Enhancement, Biomedical Innovations
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, adult ADHD, brain glucose metabolism, methylphenidate, d-amphetamine, regional brain metabolism, blood pressure, attention, restlessness, treatment efficacy
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Blood Pressure, Brain, Deoxyglucose, Dextroamphetamine, Female, Glucose, Humans, Male, Methylphenidate, Middle Aged, Personality Inventory, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Severity of Illness Index, Systole, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Treatment Outcome, Fluorodeoxyglucose F18
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