Chemically induced mouse models of intestinal inflammation
Abstract
Animal models of intestinal inflammation are indispensable for our understanding of the pathogenesis of Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis, the two major forms of inflammatory bowel disease in humans. Here, we provide protocols for establishing murine 2,4,6-trinitro benzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-, oxazolone- and both acute and chronic dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) colitis, the most widely used chemically induced models of intestinal inflammation. In the former two models, colitis is induced by intrarectal administration of the covalently reactive reagents TNBS/oxazolone, which are believed to induce a T-cell-mediated response against hapten-modified autologous proteins/luminal antigens. In the DSS model, mice are subjected several days to drinking water supplemented with DSS, which seems to be directly toxic to colonic epithelial cells of the basal crypts. The procedures for the hapten models of colitis and acute DSS colitis can be accomplished in about 2 weeks but the protocol for chronic DSS colitis takes about 2 months.
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Colitis severity was assessed using the established Murine Endoscopic Index of Colitis Severity (MEICS) scoring system based on five parameters.
“Murine Endoscopic Index of Colitis Severity [MEICS] scores for colitis severity were assigned at the end of the experiment on the basis of five parameters [translucency, granularity, fibrin, vascularity, and stool] according to an established scoring system 29–31.”
From PU.1-driven Th9 Cells Promote Colorectal Cancer in Experimental Colitis Models Through Il-6 Effects in Intestinal Epithelial Cells (2022) · cites this paper as [30]
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- Authors
- Wirtz, S., Neufert, C., Weigmann, B., & Neurath, M. F.
- Affiliations
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Neurath, Markus F
- Venue
- Nature Protocols
- Published
- 2007-03
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 541-546
- ISSN
- 1750-2799 (ISSN-L)
- 1754-2189
- OpenAlex
- W2063731747
- Cited by
- 1,567
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 69 · 2025: 75 · 2024: 79 · 2023: 85 · 2022: 87 · 2021: 85 · 2020: 94 · 2019: 80 · 2018: 109 · 2017: 127 · 2016: 136 · 2015: 131 · 2014: 97 · 2013: 104 · 2012: 71
- FWCI
- 15.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Nature Protocols (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Ocular Diseases and Behçet’s Syndrome
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Microscopic Colitis
- Keywords
- chemically induced colitis, intestinal inflammation, inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, TNBS-induced colitis, DSS-induced colitis, T cell immunity, mouse model
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Colitis, Disease Models, Animal, Epithelial Cells, Oxazolone, Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid, Dextran Sulfate, Mice
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