Associations between different dimensions of prenatal distress, neonatal hippocampal connectivity, and infant memory
Open accessAbstract
Prenatal maternal distress—an umbrella concept encompassing multiple negative psychological states including stress, anxiety, and depression—is a substantial prenatal exposure. Consistent across preclinical and human studies, the hippocampus displays alterations due to prenatal distress. Nevertheless, most prenatal distress studies do not focus on multiple dimensions of, have not examined hippocampal functional connectivity in association with, and do not consider observer-based functional outcomes related to distress. We investigated the effects of different dimensions of prenatal distress in pregnant adolescents, a population at high risk for distress, in association with neonatal hippocampal connectivity and infant memory. In pregnant adolescents ( n = 42), we collected four measures of distress (perceived stress, depression, pregnancy-specific distress, and 24-h ambulatory salivary cortisol) during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters. Resting-state imaging data were acquired in their infants at 40–44 weeks post-menstrual age. Functional connectivity was measured from hippocampal seeds. Memory abilities were obtained at 4 months using the mobile conjugate reinforcement task. Shared across different dimensions of maternal distress, increased 3rd trimester maternal distress associated with weaker hippocampal–cingulate cortex connectivity and stronger hippocampal–temporal lobe connectivity. Perceived stress inversely correlated while hippocampal–cingulate cortex connectivity positively correlated with infant memory. Increased cortisol—collected during the 2nd, but not the 3rd, trimester—associated with weaker hippocampal–cingulate cortex connectivity and stronger hippocampal–temporal lobe connectivity. Different dimensions of prenatal maternal distress likely contribute shared and unique effects to shaping infant brain and behavior.
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Aberrant hippocampal connectivity is reported in infants with prenatal exposure to elevated maternal distress.
“Aberrant hippocampal connectivity is also reported in infants with prenatal exposure to elevated maternal distress.”
From Brain structural and functional outcomes in the offspring of women experiencing psychological distress during pregnancy (2024) · cites this paper as [108]
Symptoms of stress correlate inversely with connectivity to the dorsal and mid-cingulate areas, but positively to the temporal lobe.
“Symptoms of stress correlate inversely with connectivity to the dorsal and mid-cingulate areas, but positively to the temporal lobe; most notably, increased 2nd-trimester cortisol levels correlate with alterations in hippocampal connectivity [108].”
From Brain structural and functional outcomes in the offspring of women experiencing psychological distress during pregnancy (2024) · cites this paper as [108]
Increased 2nd-trimester cortisol levels correlate with alterations in hippocampal connectivity.
“Symptoms of stress correlate inversely with connectivity to the dorsal and mid-cingulate areas, but positively to the temporal lobe; most notably, increased 2nd-trimester cortisol levels correlate with alterations in hippocampal connectivity [108].”
From Brain structural and functional outcomes in the offspring of women experiencing psychological distress during pregnancy (2024) · cites this paper as [108]
Higher maternal depression scores correlate with weaker connectivity between bilateral hippocampi and posterior cingulate cortex in newborns.
“Higher maternal depression scores also correlate with weaker connectivity between bilateral hippocampi and posterior cingulate cortex in newborns [108].”
From Brain structural and functional outcomes in the offspring of women experiencing psychological distress during pregnancy (2024) · cites this paper as [108]
Connectivity between the hippocampus and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, which is inversely associated with maternal stress, correlates positively with infant memory.
“Also, connectivity between the hippocampus and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, which is inversely associated with maternal stress, has been noted to correlate positively with infant memory [108].”
From Brain structural and functional outcomes in the offspring of women experiencing psychological distress during pregnancy (2024) · cites this paper as [108]
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- Authors
- Scheinost, D., Spann, M. N., McDonough, L., Peterson, B. S., & Monk, C.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center (US)
- Brooklyn College (US)
- University of Southern California (US)
- Corresponding author
- Scheinost, Dustin
- Venue
- Neuropsychopharmacology
- Published
- 2020-04-18
- Volume
- 45
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1272-1279
- ISSN
- 0893-133X (ISSN-L)
- 1740-634X
- PMC
- PMC7297970
- OpenAlex
- W3017047132
- Cited by
- 73
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 6.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Neuropsychopharmacology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Mental Health (MH093677)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
- Keywords
- prenatal distress, maternal stress, maternal depression, salivary cortisol, hippocampal functional connectivity, infant memory, pregnant adolescents, prenatal stress exposure, resting-state functional connectivity
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Brain, Female, Hippocampus, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Memory, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Stress, Psychological, Temporal Lobe
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