Prenatal stress diminishes neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of juvenile rhesus monkeys
Abstract
Background Early life stress, including during fetal development, has been hypothesized to predispose individuals to several illnesses and psychiatric disorders later in adulthood.Methods To determine whether prenatal stress alters neural, hormonal, and behavioral processes in nonhuman primates, pregnant rhesus monkeys were acutely stressed on a daily basis for 25% of their 24-week gestation with an acoustical startle protocol. At 2 to 3 years of age, hippocampal volume, neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus, and cortisol levels were evaluated in the offspring generated from stressed and control pregnancies.Results Prenatal stress, both early and late in pregnancy, resulted in a reduced hippocampal volume and an inhibition of neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus. These changes were associated with increased pituitary-adrenal activity, as reflected by higher cortisol levels after a dexamethasone suppression test, and also with behavioral profiles indicative of greater emotionality.Conclusions These findings indicate that the prenatal environment can alter behavior, dysregulate neuroendocrine systems, and affect the hippocampal structure of primates in a persistent manner.
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Animal models show brain morphology changes in offspring of mothers exposed to prenatal stress.
“In animal models, changes in brain morphology have been observed in offspring of mothers exposed to prenatal stress.”
From High pregnancy anxiety during mid-gestation is associated with decreased gray matter density in 6-9-year-old children. (2010) · cites this paper as Coe et al., 2003
In non-human primates, daily acute prenatal stress is linked to 10-12% smaller hippocampal volume and suppressed dentate gyrus neurogenesis.
“In non-human primates, daily acute prenatal stress is associated with 10-12% reductions in hippocampal volume and inhibition of neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus (Coe et al., 2003)”
From High pregnancy anxiety during mid-gestation is associated with decreased gray matter density in 6-9-year-old children. (2010) · cites this paper as Coe et al., 2003
Limbic structures, especially hippocampus, are prominent targets for early life stress.
“Limbic structures, especially the hippocampus, have been shown to be prominent targets for early life stress (e.g. Coe et al., 2003; Buss et al., 2007).”
From High pregnancy anxiety during mid-gestation is associated with decreased gray matter density in 6-9-year-old children. (2010) · cites this paper as Coe et al., 2003
The findings are consistent with animal evidence that medial temporal and prefrontal cortical regions are shaped by early experience.
“Our findings are consistent with accumulating evidence from animal studies that medial temporal and prefrontal cortical regions are shaped by early experience (e.g. Coe et al., 2003; Salm et al., 2004; Fujioka et al., 2006; Murmu et al., 2006).”
From High pregnancy anxiety during mid-gestation is associated with decreased gray matter density in 6-9-year-old children. (2010) · cites this paper as Coe et al., 2003
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- Authors
- Coe, C. L., Kramer, M., Czéh, B., Gould, E., Reeves, A. J., Kirschbaum, C., & Fuchs, E.
- Affiliations
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- German Primate Center (DE)
- Princeton University (US)
- Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Fuchs, Eberhard
- Venue
- Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2003-11
- Volume
- 54
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1025-1034
- ISSN
- 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2049539653
- Cited by
- 477
- References
- 86
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 37 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 30
- FWCI
- 6.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Keywords
- prenatal stress, neurogenesis, dentate gyrus, hippocampal volume, rhesus monkeys, cortisol, pituitary-adrenal axis, dexamethasone suppression test, emotionality, early life stress, neuroendocrine dysfunction, offspring behavior
- MeSH terms
- Acoustic Stimulation, Aging, Animals, Behavior, Animal, Bromodeoxyuridine, Cell Count, Cell Division, Dexamethasone, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Exploratory Behavior, Female, Hippocampus, Hydrocortisone, Macaca mulatta, Male, Motor Activity, Phosphopyruvate Hydratase, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Stress, Physiological, Dentate Gyrus
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