LncRNA lncLy6C induced by microbiota metabolite butyrate promotes differentiation of Ly6Chigh to Ly6Cint/neg macrophages through lncLy6C/C/EBPβ/Nr4A1 axis
Open accessAbstract
Macrophages are mainly divided into two populations, which play a different role in physiological and pathological conditions. The differentiation of these cells may be regulated by transcription factors. However, it is unclear how to modulate these transcription factors to affect differentiation of these cells. Here, we found that lncLy6C, a novel ultraconserved lncRNA, promotes differentiation of Ly6C high inflammatory monocytes into Ly6C low/neg resident macrophages. We demonstrate that gut microbiota metabolites butyrate upregulates the expression of lncLy6C. LncLy6C deficient mice had markedly increased Ly6C high pro-inflammatory monocytes and reduced Ly6C neg resident macrophages. LncLy6C not only bound with transcription factor C/EBPβ but also bound with multiple lysine methyltransferases of H3K4me3 to specifically promote the enrichment of C/EBPβ and H3K4me3 marks on the promoter region of Nr4A1, which can promote Ly6C high into Ly6C neg macrophages. As a result, lncLy6C causes the upregulation of Nr4A1 to promote Ly6C high inflammatory monocytes to differentiate into Ly6C int/neg resident macrophages.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Several studies have established an association between the gut microbiome, the metabolites of the gut flora and epigenetics, revealing the impact of the gut microbiota on ncRNA production.
“In addition, several studies have established an association between the gut microbiome, the metabolites of the gut flora and epigenetics, revealing the impact of the gut microbiota on ncRNA production.421,422”
From Epigenetic regulation in major depression and other stress-related disorders: molecular mechanisms, clinical relevance and therapeutic potential (2023) · cites this paper as [422]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Chang, P. V., Hao, L., Offermanns, S., & Medzhitov, R. (2014) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1322269111 · Cited by 2,175 · see citing works
Methylation of lysine 4 on histone H3: intricacy of writing and reading a single epigenetic mark
Ruthenburg, A. J., Allis, C. D., & Wysocka, J. (2007) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2006.12.014 · Cited by 1,147 · see citing works
Epithelial-cell recognition of commensal bacteria and maintenance of immune homeostasis in the gut
Artis, D. (2008) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri2316 · Cited by 1,136 · see citing works
The fate and lifespan of human monocyte subsets in steady state and systemic inflammation
Patel, A. A., Zhang, Y., Fullerton, J. N., Boelen, L., Rongvaux, A., Maini, A. A., Bigley, V., Flavell, R. A., Gilroy, D. W., Asquith, B., et al. (2017) · Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20170355 · Cited by 946 · see citing works
Self-citationH3K4me3 breadth is linked to cell identity and transcriptional consistency
Benayoun, B. A., Pollina, E. A., Ucar, D., Mahmoudi, S., Karra, K., Wong, E. D., Devarajan, K., Daugherty, A. C., Kundaje, A. B., Mancini, E., et al. (2014) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2014.06.027 · Cited by 536 · see citing works
Pathways of acetate, propionate, and butyrate formation by the human fecal microbial flora
Miller, T. L., & Wolin, M. J. (1996) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.62.5.1589-1592.1996 · Cited by 481 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 53
- [1]Kapellos TS Human monocyte subsets and phenotypes in major chronic inflammatory diseases Front. Immunol. 2019 10 2035 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02035 31543877 PMC6728754 · DOI
- [2]Passlick B Flieger D Ziegler-Heitbrock HW Identification and characterization of a novel monocyte subpopulation in human peripheral blood Blood 1989 74 2527 2534 10.1182/blood.V74.7.2527.2527 2478233 · DOI
- [3]Geissmann F Jung S Littman DR Blood monocytes consist of two principal subsets with distinct migratory properties Immunity 2003 19 71 82 10.1016/S1074-7613(03)00174-2 12871640 · DOI
- [4]Fogg DK A clonogenic bone marrow progenitor specific for macrophages and dendritic cells Science 2006 311 83 87 10.1126/science.1117729 16322423 · DOI
- [5]Hettinger J Origin of monocytes and macrophages in a committed progenitor Nat. Immunol. 2013 14 821 830 10.1038/ni.2638 23812096 · DOI
- [6]Yanez A Granulocyte-monocyte progenitors and monocyte-dendritic cell progenitors independently produce functionally distinct monocytes Immunity 2017 47 890 902 e894 10.1016/j.immuni.2017.10.021 29166589 PMC5726802 · DOI · Paper page
- [7]Auffray C Monitoring of blood vessels and tissues by a population of monocytes with patrolling behavior Science 2007 317 666 670 10.1126/science.1142883 17673663 · DOI · Paper page
- [8]Carlin LM Nr4a1-dependent Ly6C(low) monocytes monitor endothelial cells and orchestrate their disposal Cell 2013 153 362 375 10.1016/j.cell.2013.03.010 23582326 PMC3898614 · DOI
- [9]Hanna RN The transcription factor NR4A1 (Nur77) controls bone marrow differentiation and the survival of Ly6C- monocytes Nat. Immunol. 2011 12 778 785 10.1038/ni.2063 21725321 PMC3324395 · DOI · Paper page
- [10]Yona S Fate mapping reveals origins and dynamics of monocytes and tissue macrophages under homeostasis Immunity 2013 38 79 91 10.1016/j.immuni.2012.12.001 23273845 PMC3908543 · DOI · Paper page
- [12]Klunker S Transcription factors RUNX1 and RUNX3 in the induction and suppressive function of Foxp3+ inducible regulatory T cells J. Exp. Med. 2009 206 2701 2715 10.1084/jem.20090596 19917773 PMC2806624 · DOI
- [13]Konkel JE Control of the development of CD8alphaalpha+ intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes by TGF-beta Nat. Immunol. 2011 12 312 319 10.1038/ni.1997 21297643 PMC3062738 · DOI
- [14]Lavin Y Tissue-resident macrophage enhancer landscapes are shaped by the local microenvironment Cell 2014 159 1312 1326 10.1016/j.cell.2014.11.018 25480296 PMC4437213 · DOI · Paper page
- [15]Tamura A C/EBPbeta is required for survival of Ly6C(-) monocytes Blood 2017 130 1809 1818 10.1182/blood-2017-03-772962 28807982 PMC5649551 · DOI
- [16]Thomas GD Deleting an Nr4a1 super-enhancer subdomain ablates Ly6C(low) monocytes while preserving macrophage gene function Immunity 2016 45 975 987 10.1016/j.immuni.2016.10.011 27814941 PMC5694686 · DOI
- [17]Mildner A Genomic characterization of murine monocytes reveals C/EBPbeta transcription factor dependence of Ly6C(-) cells Immunity 2017 46 849 862. e847 10.1016/j.immuni.2017.04.018 28514690 · DOI
- [18]Bonasio R Shiekhattar R Regulation of transcription by long noncoding RNAs Annu. Rev. Genet. 2014 48 433 455 10.1146/annurev-genet-120213-092323 25251851 PMC4285387 · DOI
- [19]Sallam T Transcriptional regulation of macrophage cholesterol efflux and atherogenesis by a long noncoding RNA Nat. Med. 2018 24 304 312 10.1038/nm.4479 29431742 PMC5839972 · DOI
- [20]Hennessy EJ The long noncoding RNA CHROME regulates cholesterol homeostasis in primate Nat. Metab. 2019 1 98 110 10.1038/s42255-018-0004-9 31410392 PMC6691505 · DOI
- [21]Fanucchi S Immune genes are primed for robust transcription by proximal long noncoding RNAs located in nuclear compartments Nat. Genet. 2019 51 138 150 10.1038/s41588-018-0298-2 30531872 · DOI
- [22]Ulitsky I Bartel DP lincRNAs: genomics, evolution, and mechanisms Cell 2013 154 26 46 10.1016/j.cell.2013.06.020 23827673 PMC3924787 · DOI
- [23]Morris KV Mattick JS The rise of regulatory RNA Nat. Rev. Genet 2014 15 423 437 10.1038/nrg3722 24776770 PMC4314111 · DOI
- [24]Schirmer M Garner A Vlamakis H Xavier RJ Microbial genes and pathways in inflammatory bowel disease Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 2019 17 497 511 10.1038/s41579-019-0213-6 31249397 PMC6759048 · DOI
- [25]Rashid SF Synergistic growth inhibition of prostate cancer cells by 1 alpha,25 dihydroxyvitamin D(3) and its 19-nor-hexafluoride analogs in combination with either sodium butyrate or trichostatin A Oncogene 2001 20 1860 1872 10.1038/sj.onc.1204269 11313934 · DOI
- [26]Ji J Microbial metabolite butyrate facilitates M2 macrophage polarization and function Sci. Rep. 2016 6 24838 10.1038/srep24838 27094081 PMC4837405 · DOI · Paper page
- [27]Koh A De Vadder F Kovatcheva-Datchary P Backhed F From dietary fiber to host physiology: short-chain fatty acids as key bacterial metabolites Cell 2016 165 1332 1345 10.1016/j.cell.2016.05.041 27259147 · DOI · Paper page
- [28]Gao Y Lnc-C/EBPbeta negatively regulates the suppressive function of myeloid-derived suppressor cells Cancer Immunol. Res. 2018 6 1352 1363 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-18-0108 30171135 · DOI
- [29]Candido EP Reeves R Davie JR Sodium butyrate inhibits histone deacetylation in cultured cells Cell 1978 14 105 113 10.1016/0092-8674(78)90305-7 667927 · DOI · Paper page
- [30]Chi Y Long non-coding RNA in the pathogenesis of cancers Cells 2019 8 1015 10.3390/cells8091015 31480503 PMC6770362 · DOI
- [31]Ossipow V Descombes P Schibler U CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein mRNA is translated into multiple proteins with different transcription activation potentials Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 1993 90 8219 8223 10.1073/pnas.90.17.8219 8367486 PMC47320 · DOI
- [32]Zheng ZQ Long non-coding RNA FAM225A promotes nasopharyngeal carcinoma tumorigenesis and metastasis by acting as ceRNA to sponge miR-590-3p/miR-1275 and upregulate ITGB3 Cancer Res 2019 79 4612 4626 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-19-0799 31331909 · DOI
- [33]Liu N N6-methyladenosine alters RNA structure to regulate binding of a low-complexity protein Nucleic Acids Res. 2017 45 6051 6063 10.1093/nar/gkx141 28334903 PMC5449601 · DOI
- [34]Fanucchi S Mhlanga MM Lnc-ing trained immunity to chromatin architecture Front. Cell Dev. Biol. 2019 7 2 10.3389/fcell.2019.00002 30733945 PMC6353842 · DOI
- [35]Orom UA Long noncoding RNAs with enhancer-like function in human cells Cell 2010 143 46 58 10.1016/j.cell.2010.09.001 20887892 PMC4108080 · DOI · Paper page
- [36]Wang KC A long noncoding RNA maintains active chromatin to coordinate homeotic gene expression Nature 2011 472 120 124 10.1038/nature09819 21423168 PMC3670758 · DOI
- [37]Shilatifard A The COMPASS family of histone H3K4 methylases: mechanisms of regulation in development and disease pathogenesis Annu. Rev. Biochem. 2012 81 65 95 10.1146/annurev-biochem-051710-134100 22663077 PMC4010150 · DOI · Paper page
- [39]Eneqvist T The beta-slip: a novel concept in transthyretin amyloidosis Mol. Cell 2000 6 1207 1218 10.1016/S1097-2765(00)00117-9 11106758 · DOI
- [43]Trompette A Gut microbiota metabolism of dietary fiber influences allergic airway disease and hematopoiesis Nat. Med. 2014 20 159 166 10.1038/nm.3444 24390308 · DOI · Paper page
- [44]Zaiss MM The intestinal microbiota contributes to the ability of helminths to modulate allergic inflammation Immunity 2015 43 998 1010 10.1016/j.immuni.2015.09.012 26522986 PMC4658337 · DOI · Paper page
- [45]Thorburn AN Evidence that asthma is a developmental origin disease influenced by maternal diet and bacterial metabolites Nat. Commun. 2015 6 7320 10.1038/ncomms8320 26102221 · DOI
- [46]Furusawa Y Commensal microbe-derived butyrate induces the differentiation of colonic regulatory T cells Nature 2013 504 446 450 10.1038/nature12721 24226770 · DOI · Paper page
- [47]Satoh T Identification of an atypical monocyte and committed progenitor involved in fibrosis Nature 2017 541 96 101 10.1038/nature20611 28002407 · DOI · Paper page
- [48]Marigo I Tumor-induced tolerance and immune suppression depend on the C/EBPbeta transcription factor Immunity 2010 32 790 802 10.1016/j.immuni.2010.05.010 20605485 · DOI
- [49]Sonda S Hehl AB Lipid biology of Apicomplexa: perspectives for new drug targets, particularly for Toxoplasma gondii Trends Parasitol. 2006 22 41 47 10.1016/j.pt.2005.11.001 16300997 · DOI
- [51]Allis CD New nomenclature for chromatin-modifying enzymes Cell 2007 131 633 636 10.1016/j.cell.2007.10.039 18022353 · DOI · Paper page
- [52]Deng C HoxBlinc RNA recruits Set1/MLL complexes to activate Hox gene expression patterns and mesoderm lineage development Cell Rep. 2016 14 103 114 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.12.007 26725110 PMC4706800 · DOI
- [53]Grote P The tissue-specific lncRNA Fendrr is an essential regulator of heart and body wall development in the mouse Dev. Cell 2013 24 206 214 10.1016/j.devcel.2012.12.012 23369715 PMC4149175 · DOI
- [54]Kovacs KA CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein family members recruit the coactivator CREB-binding protein and trigger its phosphorylation J. Biol. Chem. 2003 278 36959 36965 10.1074/jbc.M303147200 12857754 · DOI
- [55]Cho YW Histone methylation regulator PTIP is required for PPARgamma and C/EBPalpha expression and adipogenesis Cell Metab. 2009 10 27 39 10.1016/j.cmet.2009.05.010 19583951 PMC2732027 · DOI
- [56]Engreitz JM Ollikainen N Guttman M Long non-coding RNAs: spatial amplifiers that control nuclear structure and gene expression Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 2016 17 756 770 10.1038/nrm.2016.126 27780979 · DOI
- [57]Haverkamp JM Myeloid-derived suppressor activity is mediated by monocytic lineages maintained by continuous inhibition of extrinsic and intrinsic death pathways Immunity 2014 41 947 959 10.1016/j.immuni.2014.10.020 25500368 PMC4272664 · DOI
- [58]Su X LRRC19 expressed in the kidney induces TRAF2/6-mediated signals to prevent infection by uropathogenic bacteria Nat. Commun. 2014 5 4434 10.1038/ncomms5434 25026888 · DOI
- [59]Shang W The pseudogene Olfr29-ps1 promotes the suppressive function and differentiation of monocytic MDSCs Cancer Immunol. Res. 2019 7 813 827 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-18-0443 30914411 · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Yuan, M., Yang, B., Rothschild, G., Mann, J. J., Sanford, L. D., Tang, X., Huang, C., Wang, C., & Zhang, W. (2023) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-023-01519-z · Cited by 246 · see citing works
“421,422 Extensive evidence demonstrates that the brain-gut-microbiota axis plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of MDD and other psychiatric disorders.”
Background
- Authors
- Gao, Y., Zhou, J., Qi, H., Wei, J., Yang, Y., Yue, J., Liu, X., Zhang, Y., & Yang, R.
- Affiliations
- Nankai University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Yang, Rongcun
- Venue
- Cell Discovery
- Published
- 2020-11-24
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 87-87
- ISSN
- 2056-5968 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7683537
- OpenAlex
- W3110054485
- Cited by
- 46
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 2.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Cell Discovery (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (91442111, 91029736, 81970488, 9162910, 91842302, 31570114, 2016YFC1303604)
- Nankai University (63191724)
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology (63191724)
- Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Bureau (18JCZDJC35300)
- National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFC1303604)
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune cells in cancer
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Keywords
- long non-coding RNA, Ly6C, macrophage differentiation, inflammatory monocytes, tissue-resident macrophages, butyrate, gut microbiota metabolites, C/EBPβ, Nur77, H3K4me3, lysine methyltransferase, transcriptional regulation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review