Epithelial-cell recognition of commensal bacteria and maintenance of immune homeostasis in the gut
Abstract
Mucosal surfaces such as the intestinal tract are continuously exposed to both potential pathogens and beneficial commensal microorganisms. This creates a requirement for a homeostatic balance between tolerance and immunity that represents a unique regulatory challenge to the mucosal immune system. Recent findings suggest that intestinal epithelial cells, although once considered a simple physical barrier, are a crucial cell lineage for maintaining intestinal immune homeostasis. This Review discusses recent findings that identify a cardinal role for epithelial cells in sampling the intestinal microenvironment, discriminating pathogenic and commensal microorganisms and influencing the function of antigen-presenting cells and lymphocytes.
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The host-microbiota relationship has been defined as the synergistic effect of microbial metabolites on host immunity, health and disease, energy metabolism, and cellular communication.
“The host-microbiota relationship has been defined as the synergistic effect of microbial metabolites on host immunity, health and disease, energy metabolism, and cellular communication.59, 60, 61, 62, 63,64”
From Regulation of Intestinal Barrier Function by Microbial Metabolites (2021) · cites this paper as [64]
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- Authors
- Artis, D.
- Affiliations
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Corresponding author
- Artis, David
- ORCID
- Artis, David
- Venue
- Nature reviews. Immunology
- Published
- 2008-06
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 411-420
- ISSN
- 1474-1733 (ISSN-L)
- 1474-1741
- OpenAlex
- W2025114863
- Cited by
- 1,136
- References
- 167
- Citations by year
- 2026: 27 · 2025: 33 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 55 · 2022: 61 · 2021: 54 · 2020: 51 · 2019: 52 · 2018: 60 · 2017: 56 · 2016: 58 · 2015: 63 · 2014: 92 · 2013: 85 · 2012: 81
- FWCI
- 6.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature reviews. Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (T32CA009140, T32-CA09140-30)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (F31-GM82187, F31GM082187)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI74878, T32AI007532, R01AI074878, F32-AI72943, F32AI072943, R01AI061570, AI 61570)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Keywords
- intestinal epithelial cells, commensal bacteria, immune homeostasis, mucosal immunity, host-microbe interactions, epithelial barrier function, antigen presentation, lymphocytes, pathogen discrimination, gut microbiota
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Bacteria, Gastric Mucosa, Homeostasis, Humans, Intestinal Mucosa
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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