Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 756

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Alloying design of biodegradable zinc as promising bone implants for load-bearing applications

Open access
Yang, Hongtao, Jia, Bo, Zhang, Zechuan, Qu, Xinhua, Li, Guannan, Lin, Wenjiao, Zhu, Donghui, Dai, Kerong, Zheng, Yufeng·2020·Nature Communications
DOI 10.1038/s41467-019-14153-7
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Magnesium-based biodegradable metals (BMs) as bone implants have better mechanical properties than biodegradable polymers, yet their strength is roughly less than 350 MPa. In this work, binary Zn alloys with alloying elements Mg, Ca, Sr, Li, Mn, Fe, Cu, and Ag respectively, are screened systemically by in vitro and in vivo studies. Li exhibits the most effective strengthening role in Zn, followed by Mg. Alloying leads to accelerated degradation, but adequate mechanical integrity can be expected for Zn alloys when considering bone fracture healing. Adding elements Mg, Ca, Sr and Li into Zn can improve the cytocompatibility, osteogenesis, and osseointegration. Further optimization of the ternary Zn-Li alloy system results in Zn-0.8Li-0.4Mg alloy with the ultimate tensile strength 646.69 ± 12.79 MPa and Zn-0.8Li-0.8Mn alloy with elongation 103.27 ± 20%. In summary, biocompatible Zn-based BMs with strength close to pure Ti are promising candidates in orthopedics for load-bearing applications.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/s41467-019-14153-7

Cites

1 of 1 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 1 references

Research works printed but not linked: 65

  1. Sabir, M. I., Xu, X. & Li, L. A review on biodegradable polymeric materials for bone tissue engineering applications. J. Mater. Sci. 44, 5713–5724 (2009). · DOI · Paper page
  2. Middleton, C. & Tipton, A. J. Synthetic biodegradable polymers as orthopedic devices. Biomaterials 21, 2335–2346 (2000). · DOI · Paper page
  3. Henning, W. et al. Biodegradable magnesium-based screw clinically equivalent to titanium screw in hallux valgus surgery: short term results of the first prospective, randomized, controlled clinical pilot study. Biomed. Eng. Online 12, 62–62 (2013). · DOI · Paper page
  4. Lee, J. W. et al. Long-term clinical study and multiscale analysis of in vivo biodegradation mechanism of Mg alloy. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 113, 716–721 (2016). · DOI · Paper page
  5. Zhao, D. et al. Vascularized bone grafting fixed by biodegradable magnesium screw for treating osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Biomaterials 81, 84–92 (2016). · DOI · Paper page
  6. Zheng, Y. F., Gu, X. N. & Witte, F. Biodegradable metals. Mater. Sci. Eng. R 77, 1–34 (2014). · DOI · Paper page
  7. Zivic, F. et al. Biomaterials in Clinical Practice: Advances in Clinical Research and Medical Devices (Springer, 2017).
  8. Geetha, M., Singh, A. K., Asokamani, R. & Gogia, A. K. Ti based biomaterials, the ultimate choice for orthopaedic implants—a review. Prog. Mater. Sci. 54, 397–425 (2009). · DOI · Paper page
  9. Vojtěch, D., Kubásek, J., Šerák, J. & Novák, P. Mechanical and corrosion properties of newly developed biodegradable Zn-based alloys for bone fixation. Acta Biomater. 7, 3515–3522 (2011). · DOI · Paper page
  10. Jin, H. et al. Novel high-strength, low-alloys Zn-Mg (<0.1 wt% Mg) and their arterial biodegradation. Mater. Sci. Eng. C 84, 67–79 (2018). · DOI · Paper page
  11. Zhao, S. et al. Structural characteristics and in vitro biodegradation of a novel zn-li alloy prepared by induction melting and hot rolling. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 48, 1204–1215 (2017). · DOI
  12. Seo, H. J., Cho, Y. E., Kim, T., Shin, H. I. & Kwun, I. S. Zinc may increase bone formation through stimulating cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity and collagen synthesis in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Nutr. Res. Pract. 4, 356–361 (2010). · DOI · Paper page
  13. Moonga, B. S. & Dempster, D. W. Zinc is a potent inhibitor of osteoclastic bone resorption in vitro. J. Bone Miner Res. 10, 453–457 (2010). · DOI · Paper page
  14. Venezuela, J. & Dargusch, M. The influence of alloying and fabrication techniques on the mechanical properties, biodegradability and biocompatibility of zinc: a comprehensive review. Acta Biomater. 87, 1–40 (2019). · DOI · Paper page
  15. Mostaed, E., Sikora-Jasinska, M., Drelich, J. W. & Vedani, M. Zinc-based alloys for degradable vascular stent applications. Acta Biomater. 71, 1–23 (2018). · DOI · Paper page
  16. Li, H. F. et al. Development of biodegradable Zn-1X binary alloys with nutrient alloying elements Mg, Ca and Sr. Sci. Rep. 5, 10719 (2015). · DOI · Paper page
  17. Xiao, C. et al. Indirectly extruded biodegradable Zn-0.05 wt% Mg alloy with improved strength and ductility: In vitro and in vivo studies. J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 34, 1618–1627 (2018). · DOI
  18. Murni, N., Dambatta, M., Yeap, S., Froemming, G. R. A. & Hermawan, H. Cytotoxicity evaluation of biodegradable Zn–3Mg alloy toward normal human osteoblast cells. Mater. Sci. Eng. C 49, 560–566 (2015). · DOI
  19. Yang, H. et al. Enhanced osseointegration of Zn-Mg composites by tuning the release of Zn ions with sacrificial Mg-rich anode design. ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng. 5, 453–467 (2018). · DOI
  20. Sanchez, A. H. M., Luthringer, B. J. C., Feyerabend, F. & Willumeit, R. Mg and Mg alloys: How comparable are in vitro and in vivo corrosion rates? A review. Acta Biomater. 13, 16–31 (2015). · DOI · Paper page
  21. Heaney, R. P. Calcium, dairy products and osteoporosis. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 19, 83–99 (2000). · DOI · Paper page
  22. Buehler, J., Chappuis, P., Saffar, J., Tsouderos, Y. & Vignery, A. Strontium ranelate inhibits bone resorption while maintaining bone formation in alveolar bone in monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Bone 29, 176–179 (2001). · DOI
  23. Baron, R. & Tsouderos, Y. In vitro effects of S12911-2 on osteoclast function and bone marrow macrophage differentiation. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 450, 11–17 (2002). · DOI
  24. Clément-Lacroix, P. et al. Lrp5-independent activation of Wnt signaling by lithium chloride increases bone formation and bone mass in mice. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. 102, 17406–17411 (2005). · DOI · Paper page
  25. Zamani, A., Omrani, G. R. & Nasab, M. M. Lithium’s effect on bone mineral density. Bone 44, 331–334 (2009). · DOI
  26. Aschner, J. L. & Aschner, M. Nutritional aspects of manganese homeostasis. Mol. Asp. Med. 26, 353–362 (2005). · DOI · Paper page
  27. Katsumata, S., Katsumata-Tsuboi, R., Uehara, M. & Suzuki, K. Severe iron deficiency decreases both bone formation and bone resorption in rats. J. Nutr. 139, 238–243 (2008). · DOI
  28. Harris, M. M. et al. Dietary iron is associated with bone mineral density in healthy postmenopausal women. J. Nutr. 133, 3598–3602 (2003). · DOI
  29. Aaseth, J., Boivin, G. & Andersen, O. Osteoporosis and trace elements–an overview. J. Trace Elem. Med. Biol. 26, 149–152 (2012). · DOI
  30. Beattie, J. H. & Avenell, A. Trace element nutrition and bone metabolism. Nutr. Res. Rev. 5, 167–188 (1992). · DOI
  31. Zhang, R. et al. Silver nanoparticles promote osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells and improve bone fracture healing in osteogenesis mechanism mouse model. Nanomedicine 11, 1949–1959 (2015). · DOI
  32. Staiger, M. P., Pietak, A. M., Huadmai, J. & Dias, G. Magnesium and its alloys as orthopedic biomaterials: a review. Biomaterials 27, 1728–1734 (2006). · DOI · Paper page
  33. Kraus, T. et al. Magnesium alloys for temporary implants in osteosynthesis: in vivo studies of their degradation and interaction with bone. Acta Biomater. 8, 1230–1238 (2012). · DOI · Paper page
  34. Thomas, S., Birbilis, N., Venkatraman, M. S. & Cole, I. S. Corrosion of zinc as a function of pH. Circ. Res. 68, 160–166 (2012).
  35. Kraus, T. et al. Biodegradable Fe-based alloys for use in osteosynthesis: Outcome of an in vivo study after 52weeks. Acta Biomater. 10, 3346–3353 (2014). · DOI
  36. Yang, H. et al. Evolution of the degradation mechanism of pure zinc stent in the one-year study of rabbit abdominal aorta model. Biomaterials 145, 92–105 (2017). · DOI · Paper page
  37. Niu, J. et al. The in vivo degradation and bone-implant interface of Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy screws: 18 months post-operation results. Corros. Sci. 113, 183–187 (2016). · DOI
  38. Jun, M. A., Nan, Z. & Zhu, D. Endothelial cellular responses to biodegradable metal zinc. ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng. 1, 1174–1182 (2015). · DOI · Paper page
  39. Ma, J., Zhao, N. & Zhu, D. Bioabsorbable zinc ion induced biphasic cellular responses in vascular smooth muscle cells. Sci. Rep. 6, 26661 (2016). · DOI
  40. Han, H. S. et al. Current status and outlook on the clinical translation of biodegradable metals. Mater. Today 23, 57–71 (2019). · DOI · Paper page
  41. Wang, J. et al. Magnesium (Mg) based interference screws developed for promoting tendon graft incorporation in bone tunnel in rabbits. Acta Biomater. 63, 393–410 (2017). · DOI
  42. Han, P. et al. In vitro and in vivo studies on the degradation of high-purity Mg (99.99 wt.%) screw with femoral intracondylar fractured rabbit model. Biomaterials 64, 57–69 (2015). · DOI
  43. Henderson, S. E. et al. Magnesium alloys as a biomaterial for degradable craniofacial screws. Acta Biomater. 10, 2323–2332 (2014). · DOI
  44. Gu, X., Xie, X., Li, N., Zheng, Y. & Qin, L. In vitro and in vivo studies on a Mg–Sr binary alloy system developed as a new kind of biodegradable metal. Acta Biomater. 8, 2360–2374 (2012). · DOI · Paper page
  45. Zhang, S. et al. Research on an Mg-Zn alloy as a degradable biomaterial. Acta Biomater. 6, 626–640 (2010). · DOI · Paper page
  46. Dai, Y. et al. Mechanical strengthening mechanism of Zn-Li alloy and its mini tube as potential absorbable stent material. Mater. Lett. 235, 220–223 (2019). · DOI
  47. Zhang, Y. et al. Investigation on the microstructure, mechanical properties, in vitro degradation behavior and biocompatibility of newly developed Zn-0.8% Li-(Mg, Ag) alloys for guided bone regeneration. Mater. Sci. Eng. C 99, 1021–1034 (2019). · DOI
  48. Sun, S. et al. Abnormal effect of Mn addition on the mechanical properties of as-extruded Zn alloys. Mater. Sci. Eng. A 701, 129–133 (2017). · DOI
  49. Kafri, A., Ovadia, S., Goldman, J., Drelich, J. & Aghion, E. The suitability of Zn–1.3% Fe alloy as a biodegradable implant material. Metals 8, 153–167 (2018). · DOI
  50. Brennan, T. C. et al. Osteoblasts play key roles in the mechanisms of action of strontium ranelate. Br. J. Pharmacol. 157, 1291–1300 (2009). · DOI
  51. Tipton, I. H. & Cook, M. Trace elements in human tissue. Health Phys. 9, 103 (1963). · DOI · Paper page
  52. Liu, Y. et al. Fundamental theory of biodegradable metals—definition, criteria, and design. Adv. Funct. Mater. 29, 1805402 (2019). · DOI · Paper page
  53. Dermience, M., Lognay, G., Mathieu, F. & Goyens, P. Effects of thirty elements on bone metabolism. J. Trace Elem. Med. Biol. 32, 86–106 (2015). · DOI · Paper page
  54. Yamamoto, A., Honma, R. & Sumita, M. Cytotoxicity evaluation of 43 metal salts using murine fibroblasts and osteoblastic cells. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 39, 331–340 (1998). · DOI
  55. Elahinia, M. H., Hashemi, M., Tabesh, M. & Bhaduri, S. B. Manufacturing and processing of NiTi implants: a review. Prog. Mater. Sci. 57, 911–946 (2012). · DOI · Paper page
  56. Zhang, X., Yuan, G., Mao, L., Niu, J. & Ding, W. Biocorrosion properties of as-extruded Mg–Nd–Zn–Zr alloy compared with commercial AZ31 and WE43 alloys. Mater. Lett. 66, 209–211 (2012). · DOI
  57. Onuma, Y. & Serruys, P. W. Bioresorbable Scaffolds: From Basic Concept to Clinical Applications (CRC Press, 2017). · DOI
  58. Gunde, P., Hänzi, A., Sologubenko, A. & Uggowitzer, P. J. High-strength magnesium alloys for degradable implant applications. Mater. Sci. Eng A 528, 1047–1054 (2011). · DOI
  59. Wan, Y. et al. Preparation and characterization of a new biomedical magnesium–calcium alloy. Mater. Des. 29, 2034–2037 (2008). · DOI · Paper page
  60. Mostaed, E. et al. Microstructure, texture evolution, mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of ECAP processed ZK60 magnesium alloy for biodegradable applications. J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater. 37, 307–322 (2014). · DOI
  61. Smithells, C. J. Smithells Metals Reference Book. (Elsevier, Boston, 2004).
  62. Seitz, J. M., Durisin, M., Goldman, J. & Drelich, J. W. Recent advances in biodegradable metals for medical sutures: a critical review. Adv. Healthc. Mater. 4, 1915–1936 (2015). · DOI
  63. Dean, J. A. Lange’s Handbook of Chemistry. (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1999).
  64. Stanners, C., Eliceiri, G. & Green, H. Two types of ribosome in mouse–hamster hybrid cells. Nat. New Biol. 230, 52–54 (1971). · DOI · Paper page
  65. Zhao, N. & Zhu, D. Endothelial responses of magnesium and other alloying elements in magnesium-based stent materials. Metallomics 7, 118–128 (2015). · DOI

Cited by

See all 756

Metadata

Authors
Yang, H., Jia, B., Zhang, Z., Qu, X., Li, G., Lin, W., Zhu, D., Dai, K., & Zheng, Y.
Venue
Nature Communications
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2020-01-21
Volume
11
Issue
1
Pages
401-401
ISSN
2041-1723 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1038/s41467-019-14153-7
OpenAlex
W3001130564
Cited by
756
References
1
FWCI
20.90
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
gold
Licence

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Alloying design of biodegradable zinc as promising bone implants for load-bearing applications. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1038/s41467-019-14153-7
The paper
Yang, H., Jia, B., Zhang, Z., Qu, X., Li, G., Lin, W., Zhu, D., Dai, K., & Zheng, Y. (2020). Alloying design of biodegradable zinc as promising bone implants for load-bearing applications. Nature Communications. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-14153-7

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.