Cited by 321DNA Repair MechanismsNuclear Structure and FunctionGenomics and Chromatin Dynamics

The DNA damage response to transcription stress

Lans, Hannes, Hoeijmakers, Jan H. J., Vermeulen, Wim, Marteijn, Jurgen A.·2019·Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology

Abstract

The spatiotemporal control of RNA polymerase II (Pol II)-mediated gene transcription is tightly and intricately regulated. In addition, preservation of the integrity of the DNA template is required so as to ensure unperturbed transcription, particularly since DNA is continually challenged by different types of damaging agents that can form transcription-blocking DNA lesions (TBLs), which impede transcription elongation and cause transcription stress. To overcome the highly cytotoxic effects of TBLs, an intricate cellular response has evolved, in which the transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (TC-NER) pathway has a central role in removing TBLs specifically from the transcribed strand. Damage detection by stalling of the transcribing Pol II is highly efficient, but a stalled Pol II complex may create an even bigger problem by interfering with repair of the lesions, and overall with transcription and replication. In this Review, we discuss the effects of different types of DNA damage on Pol II, important concepts of transcription stress, the manner in which TBLs are removed by TC-NER and how different tissues respond to TBLs. We also discuss the role of TBLs in ageing and the complex genotype-phenotype correlations of TC-NER hereditary disorders.

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Crossref · 10.1038/s41580-019-0169-4

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Authors
Lans, H., Hoeijmakers, J. H. J., Vermeulen, W., & Marteijn, J. A.
Affiliations
  • Erasmus MC (NL)
  • University of Cologne (DE)
Corresponding author
  • Vermeulen, Wim
  • Marteijn, Jurgen A.
Venue
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology
Published
2019-09-26
Volume
20
Issue
12
Pages
766-784
ISSN
  • 1471-0072 (ISSN-L)
  • 1471-0080
OpenAlex
W2977176731
Cited by
321
References
228
Citations by year
2026: 27 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 66 · 2023: 43 · 2022: 60 · 2021: 50 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 3
FWCI
3.28
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Kölner Universitäts PublikationsServer (Universität zu Köln) (publishedVersion)
  • EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
Funders
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (VI.C.182.025)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA Repair Mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Nuclear Structure and Function
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
Keywords
RNA polymerase II, transcription-coupled repair, DNA damage response, transcription elongation, DNA repair, aging, genetic disorders, genotype-phenotype correlation
MeSH terms
Animals, DNA Damage, DNA Repair, DNA Replication, Humans, RNA Polymerase II, Transcription, Genetic, Genetic Diseases, Inborn

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